DTS

Digital Theater System
公司類型上市公司NASDAQDTSI
成立1993
總部美国 美國加州阿古拉山
標語口號We Bring Entertainment Alive!
产业音訊壓縮
网站www.dts.com

數位劇院系統DTSDigital Theater Systems)由DTS公司(DTS Inc.,NASDAQDTSI)開發,為多聲道音訊格式中的一種,廣泛應用於DVD音效上。其最普遍的格式為5.1聲道。與杜比數位為主要競爭對手。要實現DTS音效輸出,需在硬體上及軟體上符合DTS的規格,多數會在產品上標示DTS的商標。

歷史

DTS公司的初期創辦者之一是電影導演史蒂芬·史匹柏,他在公司成立之前,感到當時的戲院音響系統已經水準不再,及認為在音響品質是最重要的大前提下已不再理想。DTS音響格式於1991年研發,比另一主流格式杜比數位晚四年面世。DTS的最普遍及基本的聲道配置為5.1聲道,和杜比數碼的配置相近,都是把五條主要(全域)聲道和一條低頻聲道作編碼。

DTS標準不論編碼器和解碼器都支援不同組合的聲道配置(2.0、4.0、4.1等),亦曾以DVDCDLD發行。

其他新的DTS標準亦相繼出台,包括支援6.1聲道的DTS-ES。DTS在多聲道戲院音響上的主要競爭者為杜比數碼及SDDS,但在家用上僅為杜比數碼。DTS的面世電影為史匹堡1993年作品《侏羅紀公園》,在杜比數碼《蝙蝠俠歸來》发布后略少于一年后面世。另外,《侏羅紀公園》亦成為首部有DTS音軌的家庭音像(面世於1997年1月),在杜比首部家庭音像(LD格式的《燃眉追擊》(Clear and Present Danger)发布于1995年1月)面世两年后发布。

DTS於2008年5月將戲院音響部門售予Beaufort California Inc.,即之後的Datasat Digital Entertainment,在戲院上DTS改稱為DATASAT Digital Sound。DTS公司則繼續專注於家庭影院音響技術的研發。

印有四種格式音軌的拷貝底片─(左至右)SDDS(邊緣藍色條)、杜比數碼(片孔間的灰色格子)、光聲聲軌(兩條白線)及DTS時間碼(破折線)

在戲院用途上,DTS資料以特別編製的時間碼,以光學印片機複印在底片上。光學式LED閱讀器讀取時間碼後傳送至DTS處理器,來作聲畫同步。一片標準CD-ROM中壓縮音訊實際的位元率為1103 kbps。處理器亦作為讀取DTS光碟中音訊的角色,新式處理器更可載入3片CD-ROM、或以硬碟作儲存。另外印製的時間碼內含元資料,以資識別,以防當錯的光碟載入後被誤讀。

基於以上先天因素,DTS以CD-ROM儲存音訊,比起杜比數碼有更多細緻的資訊、更為清晰。音訊和時間碼的分離,免除了「底片損毀等於音訊損毀」的風險;但一旦底片時間碼損毀,就不能把光碟內的音訊播放出來。

DTS数字格式(包含DTS Surround Digital 5.1,DTS-ES,DTS 96/24,DTS-HD Master Audio,DTS-HD High Resolution Audio)被ETSI记录为ETSI TS 102 114;DTS:X被ETSI记录为ETSI TS 103 491。

相關格式

除了標準DTS 5.1編碼外,DTS亦開發出數種不同技術,在其應用範圍內和杜比實驗室競爭。主要的技術如下:

DTS 70 mm

此技術應用在70 mm底片放映的DTS播放方式。含有DTS時間碼的70 mm拷貝沒有六聲道磁帶聲軌,所以在數碼訊號錯誤時是沒有後備模擬音訊的。通常戲院會安裝兩部時間碼閱讀器以確保播放順利。

隨着70 mm戲院的沒落,DTS 70 mm已成為影片修復及重映所用的格式。杜比數碼從未涉足70 mm的技術。

現時仍有Iwerks 70 mm以DTS 70 mm格式作音訊格式,例有:4D超立體巨幕影館

DTS-ES

DTS Extended Surround,是DTS在Digital Sound/Digital Surround基礎上的6.1聲道版,分Matrix(以矩陣方式由5.1模擬至6.1)及Discrete(原生6.1聲道壓縮)兩種,與DTS 96/24一樣,取樣率高達96kHz,每取樣位元升至24 bit。應用在戲院及DVD等。此格式的對手為杜比數碼EX

DTS NEO:6

應用於擴音機上的模擬多聲道技術,與杜比ProLogic IIx技術有相同原理。

DTS NEO.X

可以從任何矩陣式立體聲從2.0到5.1、7.1、9.1轉換成11.1聲道的環繞音效。

DTS 96/24

DTS在Digital Sound/Digital Surround基礎上的高取樣、細緻版,取樣率高達96kHz,每取樣位元升至24 bit。應用在DVD。

DTS-HD Master Audio

Blu-ray DiscHD-DVD新一代藍光媒體下發表的音效格式。以無損耗方式壓縮高達8聲道、96kHz/24bit的LPCM聲音資訊。此格式的對手為杜比TrueHD

DTS-HD High Resolution Audio

與Master Audio一起發表,但卻以有損耗式壓縮。

DTS-HD Master Audio Essential

在此之前,DTS-HD共有兩種標準,分別是DTS-HD Master Audio和DTS High Resolution Audio。其中只有DTS-HD Master Audio能夠實現與原始錄音的逐比特對應無損還原。新推出的DTS-HD Master Audio Essential則保留了DTS-HD Master Audio的絕大部分規格,只有在解碼BD時不支持DTS ES Matrix和NEO 6,解碼DVD時不支持DTS | 96 /24、DTS ES、ES Matrix和NEO 6。

當遇到以上格式編碼的內容時,DTS-HD Master Audio Essential設備可自動降級至DTS Digital解碼播放。並且,如果用戶的功放支持DTS-HD Master Audio,採用Essential簡化標准的碟機同樣可以通過HDMI流輸出至功放實現這些格式的正常解碼(如DMR-BW930藍光播放機)。

DTS Connect

DTS Connect是兩個電腦用音訊技術的總括名稱,把電腦音訊轉換成DTS音訊,經S/PDIF接線輸出至相容解碼器材。這兩個技術名為DTS Interactive及DTS Neo:PC。

  • DTS Interactive:是一個DTS實時編碼器,把電腦音訊轉換成1536 kb/s DTS音訊流輸出。
  • DTS Neo:PC:是一種基於DTS Neo:6的模擬多聲道技術,把雙聲道音訊如MP3、AAC、CD音訊或遊戲,模擬成7.1聲道音訊,以DTS音訊流經S/PDIF接線輸出至解碼器材。

DTS Surround Sensation

前稱DTS Virtual,容許以耳機模擬5.1音效。競爭對手為「杜比耳機」。

DTS Headphone:X

可以從立體聲耳機容許以模擬成11.1環繞音效。

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