2022年土库曼斯坦总统选举

2022年土库曼斯坦总统选举
← 2017 2022年3月12日 (2022-03-12) 2029 →
投票率97.17%[1]
 
获提名人 谢尔达尔·别尔德穆哈梅多夫 Hydyr Nunnaýew Agajan Bekmyradow
政党 土庫曼斯坦民主黨 獨立候選人 土库曼斯坦农业党
得票率 72.97% 11.09% 7.22%
选前总统

库尔班古力·别尔德穆哈梅多夫
土庫曼斯坦民主黨

當選总统

谢尔达尔·别尔德穆哈梅多夫
土庫曼斯坦民主黨

2022年土库曼斯坦总统选举在2022年3月12日提前举行，[2]这是土库曼斯坦的第六次总统选举，胜出者将获得7年总统任期直到2029年。

选举在时任總統库尔班古力·别尔德穆哈梅多夫提前宣布辞职后举行，执政党土库曼斯坦民主党候选人谢尔达尔·别尔德穆哈梅多夫（时任总统之子）赢得了选举。同时，外界普遍就选举是否符合自由公平原则存疑。

背景

土库曼斯坦的选举被批評不自由和不公平。[3][4][5]该国被外界稱為是薩帕爾穆拉特·阿塔耶維奇·尼亞佐夫和库尔班古力·别尔德穆哈梅多夫统治下的极权独裁國家。[6]土庫曼斯坦民主黨一度是該國的唯一合法政黨，2012年之后其他政党成立，這樣讓土庫曼斯坦表面上看上去是多党制國家。[7]目前所有合法政党都支持政府。 [8]

2022年2月12日，該國议会通过了一项决议，決定於同年3月12日舉行總統選舉[9]。

选举制度

土库曼斯坦总统通过两轮选举[10]产生，任期七年。[11]候选人的年龄不得低於40岁。[12]

舉行

2022年2月28日，獨立國家聯合體观察团抵达土库曼斯坦。[13][14]

3月2日，提前投票开始。該國在30个国家共开设了41个投票站。[15][16]

据中央选举委员会称，选举的投票率为97%。[17]

结果

中央选举委员会於3月15日表示，谢尔达尔·别尔德穆哈梅多夫以 72.97%的得票率赢得了选举。[18]

候选人政党票数%
谢尔达尔·别尔德穆哈梅多夫土库曼斯坦民主党
Hydyr Nunnaýew無黨籍
Agajan Bekmyradow土库曼斯坦农业党
Berdimämmet Gurbanow無黨籍
Perhat Begenjow土库曼斯坦民主党
Maksatmyrat Öwezgeldiýew無黨籍
Maksat Ödeşow土库曼斯坦民主党
Kakageldi Saryýew無黨籍
Babamyrat Meredow土库曼斯坦实业家和企业家党
总共
总票数3,362,052–
已登记选民／投票率3,460,08097.17
资料来源：Turkmenistan Today

外界反应

選舉结果公布后，中华人民共和国主席习近平向谢尔达尔·别尔德穆哈梅多夫表示祝賀。[19]

据称，俄罗斯联邦总统弗拉基米尔·普京在电话中向库尔班古力·别尔德穆哈梅多夫和谢尔达尔·别尔德穆哈梅多夫父子表示祝贺。[20]

突厥国家组织通过Twitter向他表示祝贺。[21]

参考文献

  1. ^ Serdar Berdimuhamedov succeeds father as Turkmenistan's new president. 2022-03-15 [2022-03-15]. （原始内容存档于2022-03-15）. 
  2. ^ Turkmenistan to hold early presidential election on March 12. Reuters. 2022-02-12 [2022-02-12]. （原始内容存档于2022-02-12） （英语）. 
  3. ^ Bennetts, Marc. Turkmenistan’s dictator ready to collar his son as successor. [2022-03-01]. ISSN 0140-0460. （原始内容存档于2022-02-15） （英语）. 
  4. ^ Brezar, Aleksandar. Turkmenistan to hold snap elections as president broaches succession. euronews. 2022-02-12 [2022-03-01]. （原始内容存档于2022-03-10） （英语）. 
  5. ^ Turkmenistan’s horse-loving dictator is grooming his son. The Economist. 2021-10-14 [2022-03-01]. ISSN 0013-0613. （原始内容存档于2022-03-11）. 
  6. ^ Gore, Hayden. Totalitarianism: The Case of Turkmenistan (PDF). Human Rights & Human Welfare (丹佛: Josef Korbel School of International Studies（英语：Josef Korbel School of International Studies）). 2007, (Human Rights in Russia and the Former Soviet Republics): 107–116 [2021-06-29]. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于2021-07-25）. 
  7. ^ Stronski, Paul. Независимому Туркменистану двадцать пять лет: цена авторитаризма. Carnegie Moscow Centre. 2017-05-22 [2017-05-23]. （原始内容存档于2017-05-22） （俄语）. 
  8. ^ Turkmenistan: President Gurbanguly Berdymukhammedov is awarded the status of Arkadag – protector. Ferghana Information Agency. [2015-09-05]. （原始内容存档于2013-08-01）. 
  9. ^ Turkmenistan to hold early presidential election on March 12. Al Jazeera. [2022-02-12]. （原始内容存档于2022-02-12） （英语）. 
  10. ^ Turkmenistan 互联网档案馆的存檔，存档日期2018-10-04. IFES
  11. ^ Turkmenistan: Autocrat president's son claims landslide win. DW.COM. 2022-03-15 [2022-03-15]. （原始内容存档于2022-03-15） （英国英语）. 
  12. ^ Bartlett, Paul. Turkmenistan election spells change at top, little for public. Nikkei Asia. 2022-03-11 [2022-03-15]. （原始内容存档于2022-03-14） （英国英语）. 
  13. ^ Глава Миссии наблюдателей от СНГ Л.Анфимов встретился с Заместителем Председателя Кабинета Министров, Министром иностранных дел Туркменистана Р.Мередовым. [2022-03-03]. （原始内容存档于2022-03-03）. 
  14. ^ Миссия наблюдателей от СНГ прибыла в Ашхабад для участия в оценке предстоящих выборов | Политика. Туркменистан, интернет портал о культурной, деловой и развлекательной жизни в Туркменистане. [2022-03-03]. （原始内容存档于2022-03-03）. 
  15. ^ В 30 странах мира будут открыты избирательные участки для выборов президента Туркменистана | Политика. Туркменистан, интернет портал о культурной, деловой и развлекательной жизни в Туркменистане. [2022-03-03]. （原始内容存档于2022-03-03）. 
  16. ^ Началось досрочное голосование за рубежом по выборам Президента Туркменистана | Политика. Туркменистан, интернет портал о культурной, деловой и развлекательной жизни в Туркменистане. [2022-03-13]. （原始内容存档于2022-03-08）. 
  17. ^ bne IntelliNews. Turkmenistan claims 97% voter turnout at March 12 snap presidential election. www.intellinews.com. bne IntelliNews（英语：bne IntelliNews）. 2022-03-14 [2022-03-15]. （原始内容存档于2022-03-15） （英语）. 
  18. ^ Turkmenistan leader's son wins presidential election. AP NEWS. 美联社. 2022-03-15 [2022-03-15]. （原始内容存档于2022-03-15） （英语）. 
  19. ^ Xi congratulates Serdar Berdimuhamedov on election as Turkmen president. peoplesdaily.pdnews.cn. [2022-03-15]. （原始内容存档于2022-03-15） （英语）. 
  20. ^ Telephone conversation between the President of Turkmenistan and the President of the Russian Federation. tdh.gov.tm. [2022-03-16] （俄语）. 
  21. ^ Organization of Turkic States. Twitter. 2022-03-15 [2022-03-15]. （原始内容存档于2022-03-15） （英语）. As Organization of @Turkic_States, we congratulate #SerdarBerdimuhamedov, who is elected as the new President of #Turkmenistan by winning elections held on March 12, 2022 with 72.97% of votes and wish success in his work for the welfare and development of brotherly #Turkmenistan. 

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