1949年國家公園及郊區通路法令

《1949年國家公園及郊區通路法令》(英語:National Parks and Access to the Countryside Act 1949)是英国国会的一项法令,由其设立的国家公园委员会曾变更为乡村委员会,其后是乡村署,2006年和英国自然署合并后成为英格兰自然署。法令为构建英格兰威尔士国家公园杰出自然风景区提出框架,并提出公共路权和开放土地的使用权。1949年通过的法令得到了各党派的一致支持,部分党派是第二次世界大战工党执政下重建的。

法令报告依据:

  • 1931年,克里斯托弗·爱迪生(后为爱迪生子爵)主持召开政府委员会;
  • 约翰·道尔,国家公园常务委员会秘书,1945年为城市与国土规划部长;
  • 1947年,阿瑟·霍布豪斯爵士主持召开政府委员会,提议了12个国家公园。

20世纪50年代,法令确定了最为劣质农业高地的前10个英国国家公园。1988年,一个特殊的议会法案——诺福克郡萨福克郡湖区法案确立了该区第11个国家公园(严格意义来说,它并非一个国家公园,但相差无几,其存在实质被认为与国家公园旗鼓相当)。2005年3月1日,新森林被确认为国家公园。1947年霍布豪斯报告选出的12个区域中的最后一个南唐斯丘陵,于2009年由国务大臣希拉里·本指定为南唐斯丘陵国家公园。

《1949年國家公園及郊區通路法令》设立的機構经过以下修訂:

  • 《1990年环境保护法令》设立了自然保护委员会(此后为英国自然署,并将威尔士乡村委员会的职能转调至威尔士乡村委员会)
  • 《1995年环境法令》规定每个国家公园均由各自的国家公园管理处管理运营;
  • 《2000年乡村及路权法令》确定了杰出自然风景区。

《2006年自然环境及乡村社区法令》做出进一步的修订,并于2006年10月1日合并英国自然署、乡村署、农村发展署,组成新的机构英格兰自然署和乡村社区委员会。

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