音樂產業

正在录音中的录音室

音樂產業或音樂行業（英語：Music industry）指的是以售賣音樂相關的產品以獲取回報的行業。賺取利潤的方法可以有很多種，例如售賣唱片、開演唱會等。由於歌星們須具有一定知名度才能得到更多收入，他們很多時出現於不同場合以增加曝光率，從而提高知名度，所以音樂產業亦和演藝事業息息相關。另外，樂壇是指所有工作於音樂業有關的事物，包括歌手和其他工作者、唱片公司及音樂機構、以及其他相關的事情。樂壇與娛樂圈相類似，不過娛樂圈則包含了演藝相關的事物。由於歌手們為了增加知名度，很多時亦會演戲，所以兩者關係密切。目前台灣因為利益壟斷的關係，導致於外界難以一窺堂奧。

發展

随着二十世纪世界经济中心转向美国，美國娱乐产业的發展也轉趨蓬勃，連帶相關的音樂產業對世界有著越來越大的影響。當地開始有很多学校提供相关专业的本科或证书学位。商业音乐手册Music Business Handbook & Career Guide的主要作者David Baskerville，就在丹佛大学提供音乐管理专业项目。他同时是南加州大学、加州大学洛杉矶分校、芝加哥音乐学院（英语：Chicago Musical College）、海特音乐学校（英语：The Hartt School）、俄亥俄州立大學、迈阿密大学和加拿大特里巴斯学院（英语：Trebas Institute）的客座教授。

唱片公司

根據國際唱片業協會（IFPI）在2005年8月出版的一份報告，[1] 世界音樂市場被四巨頭所壟斷，四大唱片公司便佔去了全球 71.7% 的音樂銷售市場:

實體音樂市場規模

  • 2005年
國家地區 單位 零售價值 年增長
單曲
(百萬) 		CDs
(百萬) 		DVD(百萬) 總單位 美元(百萬) 當地貨幣(百萬) 單位 價值
1  美国 14.7 300.5 11.6 326.8 4783.2 4783.2 -5.70% -5.30%
2  日本 28.5 93.7 8.5 113.5 2258.2 239759 -6.90% -9.20%
3  英国 24.3 66.8 2.9 74.8 1248.5 666.7 -1.70% -4.00%
4  德国 8.5 58.7 4.4 71 887.7 689.7 -7.70% -5.80%
5  法國 11.5 47.3 4.5 56.9 861.1 669.1 7.50% -2.70%
6  義大利 0.5 14.7 0.7 17 278 216 -8.40% -12.30%
7  加拿大 0.1 20.8 1.5 22.3 262.9 325 0.70% -4.60%
8  澳大利亞 3.6 14.5 1.5 17.2 259.6 335.9 -22.90% -11.80%
9  西班牙 1 17.5 1.1 19.1 231.6 180 -13.40% -15.70%
10  荷蘭 1.2 8.7 1.9 11.1 190.3 147.9 -31.30% -19.80%
11  俄羅斯 - 25.5 0.1 42.7 187.9 5234.7 -9.40% 21.20%
12  墨西哥 0.1 33.4 0.8 34.6 187.9 2082.3 44.00% 21.50%
13  巴西 0.01 17.6 2.4 24 151.7 390.3 -20.40% -16.50%
14  奥地利 0.6 4.5 0.2 5 120.5 93.6 -1.50% -9.60%
15  瑞士** 0.8 7.1 0.2 7.8 115.8 139.2 n/a n/a
16  比利时 1.4 6.7 0.5 7.7 115.4 89.7 -13.80% -8.90%
17  挪威 0.3 4.5 0.1 4.8 103.4 655.6 -19.70% -10.40%
18  瑞典 0.6 6.6 0.2 7.2 98.5 701.1 -29.00% -20.30%
19  印度 - 10.9 - 55.3 79.2 3456.6 -19.20% -2.40%
20  丹麦 0.1 4 0.1 4.2 73.1 423.5 3.70% -4.20%
Top 20 74.5 757.1 42.8 915.2 12378.7 -6.60% -6.30%


數位音樂市場規模

參考

  1. ^ IFPI releases definitive statistics on global market for recorded music. [2007-07-23]. （原始内容存档于2013-11-09）. 

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