雷德沃尔德

萨顿胡头盔的复制品,原件可能属于雷德沃尔德。

雷德沃尔德古英語Rædwald或Raedwald或Redwald直译 谋略中的力量;拉丁語Raedwaldus或Reduald;—约624年)是東盎格利亞王國的国王。他是东盎格利亚的提提拉英语Tytila of East Anglia的儿子,属于乌芬加斯王朝英语Wuffingas(得名于其祖父乌法英语Wuffa of East Anglia),该王朝是东盎格利亚王国的首个王朝。关于雷德沃尔德的统治的记载极少,这主要是因为9世纪维京人的入侵摧毁了东盎格利亚的修道院,许多文件可能都保存在这些修道院中。雷德沃尔德的统治始于约599年,直至约624年去世。最初,奉肯特国王埃塞尔伯特宗主。616年,他在艾德尔河战役英语Battle of the River Idle中击败诺森布里亚国王埃塞尔弗里斯英语Æthelfrith。在战斗中,埃塞尔弗里斯和雷德沃尔德的儿子拉根赫里双双战死。战后,雷德沃尔德将臣服于他的埃德温扶植为诺森布里亚的新国王。

大约从616年起,雷德沃尔德成为亨伯河口以南最有权势的英格兰国王。根据比德的记载,他是第4位对其他南方盎格鲁-撒克逊王国拥有霸权的统治者,《盎格鲁-撒克逊编年史》(在他去世几个世纪后写成)称他为“不列颠统治者”。他是首位皈依基督教的东盎格利亚国王,约605年在肯特国王埃塞尔伯特的宫廷皈依,但他也保留了一个异教神庙。在埃塞克斯和肯特等盎格鲁-撒克逊王国背教时,他为基督教在东盎格利亚的生存提供支持。历史学家普遍认为他是萨顿胡船葬的最有可能的墓主,尽管也有其他假说。1998年,在萨顿胡遗址附近发现一个较小的船葬,据信其中埋葬的是他在616年战死的儿子拉根赫里[1][2]

参考文献

  1. ^ Venerable), Saint Bede (the. The Historical Works of the Venerable Beda. Seeleys. 28 July 1853 –通过Google Books. 
  2. ^ Chronicon saxonicum, seu annales rerum in Anglia praecipue gestarum, a Christo nato ad annum usque MCLIV. deducti, ac jam demum latinitate donati. Sheldon. 28 July 1692 –通过Google Books. 

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