薑科

薑科
艷山薑
科学分类 编辑
界： 植物界 Plantae
演化支： 维管植物 Tracheophyta
演化支： 被子植物 Angiosperms
演化支： 单子叶植物 Monocots
演化支： 鸭跖草类植物 Commelinids
目： 姜目 Zingiberales
科： 薑科 Zingiberaceae
Martynov, 1820
模式属
姜属
Zingiber
Mill., 1754

薑科（學名：Zingiberaceae）是單子葉植物薑目的一科。本科約有47屬，700種，主要分佈在熱帶地區。中国有17属约120种，主要分布在南方各地。臺灣產6屬26種。姜科是多年生草本，通常具有芳香，茎短，有匍匐的或块状的根莖，叶基部具有叶鞘；花两性，两侧对称，花瓣3，下部合生成管；果实为蒴果，种子常具有假种皮。本科植物很多種類是重要的調味料和藥用植物。本科重要的成員有薑，砂仁、益智仁、薑黃、鬱金、蘘荷、大荳蔻、小荳蔻、草荳蔻、紅荳蔻、山奈、月桃…等。

下级分类

本科包括以下属：

  • 非洲豆蔻屬 Aframomum
  • 山薑屬 Alpinia ，月桃屬。
  • 豆蔻属 Amomum
  • 合丝姜属 Aulotandra Gagnep., 1902
  • 凹唇姜属 Boesenbergia
  • 薄苞姜属 Borneocola Y. Y. Sam, 2016
  • Burbigdea Hook.f., 1879
  • 管苞姜属 Camptandra
  • Caulokaempferia 异名： 大苞姜属 Monolophus Wall. ex Endl., 1837
    • Caulokaempferia amplexicaulis Suksathan
    • Caulokaempferia appendiculata K.Larsen & Triboun
    • Caulokaempferia arunachalensis (Bhaumik, S.Dey & Langhu) Sushil K.Singh
    • Caulokaempferia bolavenensis Picheans. & Koonterm
    • Caulokaempferia bracteata K.Larsen & S.S.Larsen
    • Caulokaempferia buengkanensis Picheans., Phokham & Wongsuwan
    • Caulokaempferia chayaniana Tiyaw.
    • Caulokaempferia coenobialis (Hance) K.Larsen
    • Caulokaempferia jirawongsei Picheans. & Mokkamul
    • Caulokaempferia kayinensis Picheans. & Sangnark[1]
    • Caulokaempferia khaomaenensis Picheans. & Mokkamul
    • Caulokaempferia kuapii K.Larsen
    • Caulokaempferia larsenii Suksathan & Triboun
    • Caulokaempferia limiana Mokkamul & Picheans.
    • Caulokaempferia linearis (Wall.) K.Larsen
    • Caulokaempferia monensis Picheans. & Sangnark
    • Caulokaempferia pedemontana Triboun & K.Larsen
    • Caulokaempferia petelotii K.Larsen
    • Caulokaempferia phokhamii Picheans. & Douangde.
    • Caulokaempferia phulangkaensis Picheans.
    • Caulokaempferia phuluangensis Picheans. & Mokkamul
    • Caulokaempferia phutokensis Picheans.
    • Caulokaempferia phuwoaensis Picheans. & Koonterm
    • Caulokaempferia picheansoonthonii Phokham & Prasarn
    • Caulokaempferia pubescens Picheans. & Phokham
    • Caulokaempferia saksuwaniae K.Larsen
    • Caulokaempferia satunensis Picheans.
    • Caulokaempferia saxicola K.Larsen
    • Caulokaempferia secunda (Wall.) K.Larsen
    • Caulokaempferia sikkimensis (King ex Baker) K.Larsen
    • Caulokaempferia sirirugsae Ngamr.
    • Caulokaempferia suksathanii (S.Dey, Langhu & Bhaumik) Sushil K.Singh
    • Caulokaempferia tamdaoensis Picheans. & Inthar.
    • Caulokaempferia wongsuwaniae Picheans. & Douangde.
  • 距药姜属 Cautleya
  • 薑黃屬 Curcuma ，鬱金屬（日文郁金），130多種。
  • 拟姜黄属 Curcumorpha
  • 折花姜属 Cyphostigma
  • 小豆蔻屬 Elettaria
  • 地豆蔻属 Elettariopsis Baker, 1892
  • 茴香砂仁属 Etlingera
  • 玉凤姜属 Gagnepainia
  • 齿丝姜属 Geocharis (K.Schum.) Ridl., 1908
    • Geocharis aurantiaca Ridl.
    • Geocharis fusiformis (Ridl.) R.M.Sm.
    • Geocharis globosa Zulaspita & Nurainas, 2024
    • Geocharis macrostemon (K.Schum.) Holttum
    • Geocharis radicalis (Valeton) B.L.Burtt & R.M.Sm.
    • Geocharis rubra Ridl.
    • Geocharis secundiflora (Ridl.) Holttum
  • 舞花姜属 Globba L.
  • 堇花姜属 Haniffia Holttum, 1950
  • 独秀姜属 Haplochorema K. Schum., 1899
  • 薑花屬 Hedychium J. Koenig, 1783，蝴蝶薑屬。
  • 兰花姜属 Hemiorchis
  • 隐姜花属 Hitchenia
  • 大豆蔻属 Hornstedtia
  • 山柰屬 Kaempferia ，孔雀薑屬。
  • 细管姜属 Leptosolena
  • 螳螂姜属 Mantisia
  • 微唇姜属 Nanochilus
  • 火炬姜属 Nicolaia Horan., 1862
  • 离瓣距药姜属 Paracautleya
  • 肾药姜属 Parakaempferia
  • 偏穗姜属 Plagiostachys
  • 垂序姜属 Pleuranthodium
  • 直唇姜属 Pommereschea
  • 艳苞姜属 Renealmia
    • Ethanium jamaicensis Kuntze, 1891
    • Ethanium thyrsoideum (Ruiz & Pav.) Kuntze, 1891
    • Renealmia acreana Maas
    • Renealmia africana Benth.
    • Renealmia alborosea K.Schum.
    • Renealmia alpinia (Rottb.) Maas
    • Renealmia alticola Maas
    • Renealmia aromatica (Aubl.) Griseb.
    • Renealmia asplundii Maas
    • Renealmia aurantiifera Maas
    • Renealmia batangana K.Schum.
    • Renealmia battenbergiana Cummins ex Baker
    • Renealmia brachythyrsa Loes.
    • Renealmia bracteata De Wild. & T.Durand
    • Renealmia breviscapa (Poepp. & Endl.) Poepp. & Endl.
    • Renealmia cabrae De Wild. & T.Durand
    • Renealmia cardamomum-medium Sweet, 1830
    • Renealmia caucana Maas
    • Renealmia cernua (Sw. ex Roem. & Schult.) J.F.Macbr.
    • Renealmia chalcochlora K.Schum.
    • Renealmia chariensis A.Chev.
    • Renealmia chiriquina Standl.
    • Renealmia choroniensis Maas
    • Renealmia chrysotricha Petersen
    • Renealmia cincinnata (K.Schum.) T.Durand & Schinz
    • Renealmia cincinnata Baker
    • Renealmia circinata T.Durand & Schinz, 1894
    • Renealmia concinna Standl.
    • Renealmia concolor D.Dietr.
    • Renealmia congesta Maas
    • Renealmia congoensis Gagnep.
    • Renealmia congolana De Wild. & T.Durand
    • Renealmia costaricensis Standl.
    • Renealmia cuatrecasasii Maas
    • Renealmia cylindrica Maas & H.Maas
    • Renealmia densiflora Urb.
    • Renealmia densispica Koechlin
    • Renealmia dermatopetala K.Schum.
    • Renealmia dewevrei De Wild. & T.Durand
    • Renealmia dewevrei De Wild. & T.Durand ex Gagnep., 1905
    • Renealmia dolichocalyx Maas
    • Renealmia dressleri Maas
    • Renealmia elianae Ospina & Pozner
    • Renealmia engleri K.Schum.
    • Renealmia erythrocarpa Standl.
    • Renealmia exaltata Blanco, 1845
    • Renealmia ferruginea Maas
    • Renealmia floribunda K.Schum.
    • Renealmia foliifera Standl.
    • Renealmia fragilis Maas
    • Renealmia gracillima Loes.
    • Renealmia guianensis Maas
    • Renealmia guianensis Petersen, 1890
    • Renealmia helenae Maas
    • Renealmia heleniae Maas
    • Renealmia jamaicensis (Gaertn.) Horan.
    • Renealmia krukovii Maas
    • Renealmia laxa K.Schum.
    • Renealmia ligulata Maas
    • Renealmia longifolia K.Schum.
    • Renealmia lucida Maas
    • Renealmia macrocolea K.Schum.
    • Renealmia macroloba K.Schum.
    • Renealmia maculata Stapf
    • Renealmia mannii Hook.f.
    • Renealmia matogrossensis Maas
    • Renealmia mexicana Klotzsch ex Petersen
    • Renealmia microcalyx Maas & H.Maas
    • Renealmia monosperma Miq.
    • Renealmia multiplicata Maas
    • Renealmia nicolaioides Loes.
    • Renealmia oligosperma K.Schum.
    • Renealmia oligotricha Maas
    • Renealmia orinocensis Rusby
    • Renealmia pacifica (Maas) Maas & H.Maas
    • Renealmia paco-secora Horan.
    • Renealmia pallida Maas
    • Renealmia pauciflora Griseb., 1866
    • Renealmia pirrensis Maas & H.Maas
    • Renealmia pluriplicata Maas
    • Renealmia polyantha K.Schum.
    • Renealmia polypus Gagnep.
    • Renealmia puberula Steyerm.
    • Renealmia pulverulentus C.Presl
    • Renealmia punicea Sweet, 1830
    • Renealmia purpurea Maas & H.Maas
    • Renealmia pycnostachys K.Schum.
    • Renealmia pyramidalis (Lam.) Maas
    • Renealmia racemosa Poepp. & Endl.
    • Renealmia sancti-thomae I.M.Turner
    • Renealmia scaposa Maas
    • Renealmia sessilifolia Gagnep.
    • Renealmia spec (Linnaeus, 1753) A.Rich.
    • Renealmia stellulata Steyerm.
    • Renealmia stenostachys K.Schum.
    • Renealmia striata (Stokes) Govaerts ex Maas
    • Renealmia susannae-katziae Eb.Fisch., Killmann & Dhetchuvi, 2023
    • Renealmia thyrsoidea (Ruiz & Pav.) Poepp. & Endl.
    • Renealmia timmiorum Eb.Fisch., Killmann & Dhetchuvi, 2023
    • Renealmia urbaniana Loes.
    • Renealmia urunovii Maas
    • Renealmia vallensis Maas
    • Renealmia variegata Maas & H.Maas
    • Renealmia wurdackii Maas
  • 喙花姜属 Rhynchanthus
  • 蝎尾姜属 Riedelia
  • 象牙参属 Roscoea
  • 纹山柰属 Scaphochlamys
  • 长果姜属 Siliquamomum
  • 管唇姜属 Siphonochilus
  • 围丝姜属 Stadiochilus
  • 土田七属 Stahlianthus
  • 须叶姜属 Vanoverberghia
  • 薑屬 Zingiber

参考文献

  1. ^ Supatthra Sangnark, Sittichoke Prasarn, Boonmee Phokham, Pornpimon Wongsuwan and Chayan Picheansoonthon. 2016. The Genus Caulokaempferia (Zingiberaceae) in Myanmar Part 1: Two New Species from South Myanmar. J. Jpn. Bot. 91: 133–140.
  2. ^ S. Saensouk and P. Saensouk. 2014. Elettariopsis biphylla, A New Species of Zingiberaceae from Thailand. Phytotaxa. 159(1): 023–025. DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.159.1.4
  3. ^ Chayan Picheansoonthon and Piyapong Yupparach. 2010. Further Study on the Elettariopsis Baker (Zingiberaceae) in Thailand－A New Species and A New Record. Taiwania. 55(4); 335-341.

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