范純仁

范純仁（1027年—1101年），字堯夫，蘇州吳縣（今江蘇省蘇州市）人，北宋政治家范仲淹次子。皇祐元年進士，從胡瑗、孫復學。

生平

范純仁為人正派，政治見解與司馬光同屬保守派。熙寧二年（1069年）七八月間，純仁上書皇上，公開指責安石“掊剋財利”，他因反對王安石變法遭貶逐。但司馬光復相後，堅持要廢除“青苗法”、“免役法”時，范純仁对此不以為然。范純仁對司馬光說：“新法當廢，罷其太甚者可也，恢复差役法一事，尤當熟講而緩行，不然滋為民病。且宰相職在求人，變法非所先也。愿司馬公虛心以延眾議，不必謀自己出。謀自己出，則諂諛得乘間迎合矣！”他希望司馬光虛心“以延眾論”，有可取之處的主張，盡量採納。可惜司馬光並不以此為意，憤怒地說：“子瞻、堯夫之論，光不敢苟同。募役病民害國，百害而無一利，民皆厭而訟之，何其子瞻、堯夫鍾情而不悟！”只把范純仁的看法當作耳邊風，盡廢新法。蘇東坡、范純仁等人相當惆悵地嘆息：“奈何又一位拗相公”。

范純仁總結自己∶“吾生平所學，得之忠恕二字， 一生用之不盡”。范純仁告誡子弟，德行成就的關鍵就在以“責人之心責己，恕己之心恕人”。范純仁死後諡“忠宣”。妻王質女。有五子范正民、范正平、范正思、范正路及范正國，另有五名女兒分別嫁給將作監主簿崔保孫、朝請郎莊公岳、奉議郎司馬宏、承議郎蔡轂及通直郎郭忠孝[1][2]。

著作

著有《范忠宣公集》五十卷，《臺諫論事》五卷、《邊防奏議》二十卷。文集于南宋嘉定間由沈圻刊印，遂為定本，歷代遞有刊修。現存《范忠宣公集》二十卷，有元天曆元年刊本、明嘉靖間刊本、萬曆三十六年毛一鷺刊二范集本、清康熙合刊二范集本。四庫全書本《范忠宣集》十八巻，奏議二巻遺文一巻補編一巻。

傳記

李之儀《范忠宣公行狀》（《范忠宣公集》附）、曾肇《范忠宣公墓誌銘》（《曲阜集》卷三）、《宋史》卷三一四本傳。

注釋

  1. ^ 《范忠宣集補編》：「五子正民單州團練推官正平忠武軍節度推官正思宣德郎正路正國五女歸將作監主簿崔保孫朝請郎莊公岳奉議郎司馬宏承議郎蔡轂通直郎郭忠孝。」
  2. ^ 《宋史·范纯仁传》云：“没之日，幼子、五孙犹未官。……子正平、正思。””。《四库全书总目提要》称：“纯仁尚有一幼子，光禄即所荫之官。公偁之父，盖即其子。书中称其于纯仁没后，未及释服而卒，故后来不预行状事，而史遂但称纯仁二子耳。以是推之，知为纯仁之曾孙也。”陆心源认为范纯仁有五个儿子，他在《仪顾堂题跋》考证说：“愚按：忠宣五子，长正明，次正平，次正思，次正路，次正国。”楊循吉《吳邑志·卷九》：子正民，萊州團練使；正平，忠武軍判官，贈朝請大夫；正思，宣德郎。

參考書目

前任：
吕公著 		北宋尚书右仆射兼中书侍郎
1088年—1089年 		繼任：
刘挚
前任：
苏颂 		北宋尚书右仆射兼中书侍郎
1093年—1094年 		繼任：
韩忠彦

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