苗圃

苗圃里的植物

苗圃是一个種植植物幼苗的地方。這些植物大多用于园艺、林业保育生物學,與农业無關。這些苗圃可以向公众出售、只向專門企业出售以及作為私人苗圃向私人庄园出售。有些人还会从事植物育种工作。[1]

有些苗圃專注於某些領域,其中可能包括: 繁殖以及向其他苗圃出售小根或裸根植物;將植物材料種植到可銷售的尺寸或零售量。[2]苗圃也可能專門種植一種植物,例如地被植物遮蔭植物或假山花園植物。有些生產特定品種的散裝苗木,無論是幼苗或嫁接樹,用於果園的果樹或林業的用材樹。一些生產商季節性生產庫存,在春季準備好出口到較冷的地區,這些地區不可能這麼早就開始繁殖,或者出口到季節性害蟲阻礙了在季節早期生長的地區。

苗圃

苗圃有多種不同類型,大致可分為批發或零售苗圃,根據具體業務的不同,有些重疊。批發苗圃生產大量植物並出售給零售苗圃。[3][4]

批發苗圃可能是使用小面積土地生產特定類型植物的小型企業,也可能是佔地數英畝的大型企業。他們繁殖植物材料或從其他苗圃購買植物,其中可能包括有根或無根的插條,或稱為插塞的小根植物,或田間種植的裸根植物,將其種植並生長到所需的大小。一些批發苗圃根據合約為其他苗圃生產植物,這些苗圃訂購特定數量和尺寸的植物,而其他苗圃則生產各種植物,出售給其他苗圃和園藝師,並以先到先得的方式出售。零售苗圃出售可放置在景觀中或用於家庭和企業的植物。

方法

繁殖苗圃透過種子、插枝、組織培養、嫁接或分株生產新植物。然後將植物長到可銷售的尺寸,並出售給其他苗圃,這些苗圃可以繼續在更大的容器中種植植物,或將它們種植到所需的尺寸。繁殖苗圃也可以出售足夠大的植物材料用於零售,從而直接銷售給零售苗圃或園藝中心(很少繁殖自己的植物)。[5]

苗圃在露天田地、貨櫃田、隧道或溫室中種植植物。在開闊的田野中,苗圃種植裝飾性樹木、灌木和多年生草本植物。貨櫃苗圃裡種植小樹、灌木和草本植物,通常是運往園藝中心銷售。它們具有適當的通風、陽光等。

参考文献

  1. ^ Siminovitch, D. 1963. Evidence from increase in ribonucleic acid and protein synthesis in autumn for increase in proto plasm during frost hardening of black locust bark cells. Can. J. Bot. 41:1301–1308.
  2. ^ McDaniel, Gary L. Ornamental Horticulture. Reston Publishing Company. 1982: 346. ISBN 978-0-8359-5348-1. 
  3. ^ Kumar, Rohit. Nursery. britannica. 31 January 2024 [January 31, 2024]. (原始内容存档于2024-05-19). 
  4. ^ Maiti, Ratikanta; Rodríguez, Humberto González; Thakur, Ashok Kumar; Sarkar, Narayan Chandra. APPLIED BOTANY. American Academic Press. 2017-08-14. ISBN 978-1-63181-866-0 (英语). 
  5. ^ Reid, Robert L. The Manual of Australian Agriculture. Elsevier. 2013-10-22. ISBN 978-1-4831-0034-0. 

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