^United States Department of State (1970) U.S. Department of State fact book of the countries of the world Crown Publishing, New York, page 404,
^Metz, Helen Chapin (editor) (1988) Libya: a country study (Area handbook series) Federal Research Division, Library of Congress, Washington, D.C., pages 185, 190, OCLC229421743; available electronically here (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆)
^Fisher, Morris (1985) Provinces and provincial capitals of the world (2nd edition) Scarecrow Press, Metuchen, New Jersey, page 88, ISBN0-8108-1758-6
^United States, Department of the Army (1973) "Table 1. Distribution of the Population of Libya, by Governorates 1964 and 1972" Libya (Department of the Army pamphlet 550) Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. page 60