^Alan K. Bowman, Edward Champlin, Andrew Lintott (Hrsg.): The Augustan Empire, 43 B.C.–A.D. 69 (The Cambridge Ancient History, 2nd Edition, Volume 10), Cambridge University Press, 1996, ISBN 9780521264303, p. 453
^(德文)Yann Le Bohec: Die römische Armee von Augustus zu Konstantin dem Großen, Steiner, Stuttgart 1993, ISBN 3-515-06300-5, S. 287.
^ 3.03.13.2(英文)Adkins,Lesley Adkins,Roy A.(1998).Handbook to Life in Ancient Rome.Oxford University Press,USA.ISBN 9780195123326.
^Stephen Dando-Collins: Caesar's Legion: The Epic Saga of Julius Caesar's Elite Tenth Legion and the Armies of Rome, Wiley, New York 2002, ISBN 978-0-471-09570-5, p. 269.
^Lawrence J. F. Keppie: Legions and veterans: Roman army papers 1971-2000 (Mavors. Roman Army Researches Band 12), Steiner, Stuttgart 2000, ISBN 978-3-515-07744-6, S. 304