^L Berger. Emission of spin waves by a magnetic multilayer traversed by a current. Physical Review B. October 1996, 54: 9353–9358.
^Current-driven excitation of magnetic multilayers. Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials. October 1996, 159 (1-2): L1–L7. doi:10.1016/0304-8853(96)00062-5.
^N.P. Vasil'eva, Magnetic Random Access Memory Devices, Automation and Remote Control, October 2003, 64 (9): 1369–1385
(英文)Sbiaa, R.; Meng, H.; Piramanayagam, S. N. Materials with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy for magnetic random access memory. Physica status solidi (RRL) – Rapid Research Letters. 2011, 5 (12): 413. doi:10.1002/pssr.201105420.