威廉·纳尔逊·乔伊（英語：William Nelson Joy，1954年11月8日—），暱称比尔·乔伊（Bill Joy），生於美国密西根州法明頓山，计算机科学家與程式設計師，是BSD作業系統的主要設計者，曾創作了包括vi、C Shell等軟體。与維諾德·柯斯拉、史考特·麥克里尼和安迪·貝托爾斯海姆一起创立了昇陽電腦（Sun Microsystems），并作为首席科学家直到2003年。
乔伊的童年是在密歇根州的乡村长大的，在密歇根大学获得电气工程学士学位之后，于1979年在加州大学伯克利分校获得电气工程与计算机科学硕士学位。学生期间，他开发了BSD操作系统。其他人以BSD为基础发展出了很多现代版本的BSD，最著名的有FreeBSD、OpenBSD和NetBSD，苹果电脑的Mac OS X操作系统也在很大程度上基于BSD。1986年，乔伊因他在BSD操作系统中所做的工作获得了Grace Murray Hopper奖。
除了BSD之外，他引人注目的贡献还包括TCP/IP、vi、NFS和C shell，如今这些软件都已经广泛的使用在Solaris、BSD、GNU/Linux等操作系统中，而且开放源代码给其他人无偿使用、改进，为自由软件的发展作出了极大的贡献。
1982年，Joy作为联合创始人和首席科学家参与了Sun微系统公司的成立，设计了Sparc微处理器，并将之前自己领导开发的BSD继续发展成为Solaris操作系统。另外，他还是Java和Jini的主要作者之一。
2003年9月9日，乔伊离开Sun公司，Sun发言人除了宣布Joy辞职的消息外，不愿意发表其他评论。从一些迹象看来，他很关注机器人、纳米、基因工程等可能会改变全人类未来生存发展的技术；更加关注科技带来的道德问题：如何不让科技成为一个国家、政府、集体、甚至个人做恶的工具？
الشمال الغربي إقليم الشمال الغربي هو أحد الأقاليم الاقتصادية التونسيّة الستّة، حيث يقع شمال غربي الجمهورية التونسية. يتركّز نشاط الشمال الغربي على الأنشطة الفلاحية نظرا لخصوبة الأرض ووفرة المياه وامتداد السهول وتواجد الحيوانات وتوفر اليد العاملة والتجارية لوفرة الإنتاج …
بوسو ألتو علم شعار الإحداثيات 22°11′38″S 44°58′22″W / 22.193888888889°S 44.972777777778°W / -22.193888888889; -44.972777777778 [1] تقسيم إداري البلد البرازيل[2] التقسيم الأعلى ميناس جرايس خصائص جغرافية المساحة 261.211 كيلومتر مربع ارتفاع 884 متر، و1069 متر ع
Westerwaldbahn des Kreises Altenkirchen GmbH Basisinformationen Unternehmenssitz Steinebach/Sieg Webpräsenz www.westerwaldbahn.de Bezugsjahr 2007 Eigentümer Landkreis Altenkirchen (Westerwald)[1] Aufsichtsrat Tobias Gerhardus (Erster Beigeordneter des Landkreises) Geschäftsführung Oliver Schrei Verkehrsverbund VRM Mitarbeiter 36 Umsatz 12 Mio. € Linien Spurweite 1435 mm Eisenbahn Scheuerfeld–OberdreisbachBetzdorf–Daaden Bus 5 (vor 2018) Anzahl Fahrzeuge Lokomotiven 4 …
Микола Мельничин Хорунжий Загальна інформаціяНародження 19 серпня 1910(1910-08-19)с. Надітичі, Миколаївський район, Львівська областьСмерть 12 грудня 1950(1950-12-12) (40 років)біля с. Сукіль, Болехівська міська рада, Івано-Франківська областьПсевдо КірамВійськова службаПриналежніст
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Валермосо-де-ла-ФуентеValhermoso de la FuenteМуніципалітетКраїна ІспаніяАвтономна спільнота Кастилія-Ла-МанчаПровінція КуенкаКоординати 39°34′01″ пн. ш. 2°01′01″ зх. д. / 39.567° пн. ш. 2.017° зх. д. / 39.567; -2.017Координати: 39°34′01″ пн. ш. 2°01′01″ зх. …
BMW Seri 3 (G20/G21)InformasiMasa produksi2019–sekarangPerakitanJerman: RegensburgTiongkok: ShenyangMeksiko: San Luis PotosíThailand: RayongPerancangMarc Michael MarkefkaBodi & rangkaKelasMobil eksekutif kompak (D)Bentuk kerangka4-pintu sedan (G20) 5-pintu station wagon (G21)Tata letakMesin Depan, Penggerak Roda BelakangMesin Depan, Penggerak Semua Roda (xDrive)PlatformBMW CLARPenyalur dayaMesinBensin:2.0 L turbocharged B48 I43.0 L turbocharged B58 I6 Hibrida Plug-in:2.0 L turbo…
هذه المقالة يتيمة إذ تصل إليها مقالات أخرى قليلة جدًا. فضلًا، ساعد بإضافة وصلة إليها في مقالات متعلقة بها. (مارس 2019) لاري جي. سميث (بالإنجليزية: Larry G. Smith) معلومات شخصية الميلاد 11 نوفمبر 1914 يونيونتاون الوفاة 22 مارس 1992 (77 سنة) كليفلاند، أوهايو مواطنة الولايا
Fighter aircraft series P-26 Peashooter Role FighterType of aircraft National origin United States Manufacturer Boeing First flight 20 March 1932 Retired 1956[1] Primary users United States Army Air CorpsRepublic of China Air ForcePhilippine Army Air CorpsGuatemalan Air Force Number built 151[2] Variants Boeing P-29/XF7B-1 The Boeing P-26 Peashooter was the first American production all-metal fighter aircraft and the first pursuit monoplane to enter squadron service with the…
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This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.Find sources: Human Error film – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (April 2021) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) 2004 American filmHuman ErrorDirected byRobert M. YoungStarringCaroline AshleyRelease date2004Running time95 minutesCountryUnited …
American radio broadcasting company This article is about the radio group. For the radio network, see CBS News Radio. This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.Find sources: CBS Radio – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (April 2013) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) CBS Radio Inc.FormerlyIn…
British actor Richard Dillane in Foyle's War 2013 Richard Dillane (born 1964) is a British actor. He appears in Soldier Soldier (1995), Cold Feet (2000), Space Race (2005), Tristan & Isolde (2006), Spooks (2007), Casualty (2008-2009), Oranges and Sunshine (2010), Doctor Who (2011), Argo (2012), Dead in Tombstone (2013), Wolf Hall (2015), Peaky Blinders and Poldark (2016), Giri/Haji (2019), Young Wallander (2020),The Crown and Andor (2022). Early life and education Dillane is from Kent,[1…
Indian police officer This biography of a living person needs additional citations for verification. Please help by adding reliable sources. Contentious material about living persons that is unsourced or poorly sourced must be removed immediately from the article and its talk page, especially if potentially libelous.Find sources: A. K. Viswanathan – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (March 2021) (Learn how and when to remove this template messag…
Bangladeshi government ministry People's Republic of Bangladesh Ministry of Road Transport and Bridgesসড়ক, জনপথ ও সেতু মন্ত্রনালয়Government of Bangladesh SealAgency overviewFormed10 February 2014Preceding agencyMinistry of CommunicationsJurisdictionGovernment of BangladeshHeadquartersSecretariat, DhakaMinister responsibleObaidul Quader, MinisterAgency executivesNazrul Islam, Secretary, Road Transport DivisionMd. Abu Bakr Siddique, Secretary, Brid…
German actress This biography of a living person needs additional citations for verification. Please help by adding reliable sources. Contentious material about living persons that is unsourced or poorly sourced must be removed immediately from the article and its talk page, especially if potentially libelous.Find sources: Lena Klenke – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (January 2019) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) Lena Kle…
Cocktail mainly composed of vodka This article is about the cocktail. For the song by T-Spoon, see Sex on the Beach (song). For the 2011 comedy film, see The Inbetweeners Movie. Sex on the beachIBA official cocktailSex on the beachTypeCocktailBase spirit Vodka ServedOn the rocks: poured over iceStandard garnishorange sliceStandard drinkware Highball glassIBA specifiedingredients† 4 cl Vodka 2 cl Peach schnapps 4 cl Orange juice 4 cl cranberry juice PreparationBuild all ingredients in a highbal…
Irish rugby union player You can help expand this article with text translated from the corresponding article in French. (April 2023) Click [show] for important translation instructions. Machine translation, like DeepL or Google Translate, is a useful starting point for translations, but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate, rather than simply copy-pasting machine-translated text into the English Wikipedia. Consider adding a topic to this …
Azerbaijani artist (born 1982) Faig AhmedFaiq ƏhmədBorn1982Sumqayit, AzerbaijanNationalityAzerbaijaniOccupationVisual artistWebsitehttps://faigahmed.com/ Faig Ahmed (Azerbaijani: Faiq Əhməd) (born 1982 in Sumqayit, Azerbaijan) is an Azerbaijani contemporary visual artist who is best known for his surrealist weavings which integrate visual distortions into traditional oriental rugs.[1] Ahmed graduated from the sculpture program at the Azerbaijan State Academy of Fine Arts in Baku in 2…
This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.Find sources: Warped by Success – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (April 2016) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) 1994 studio album by China CrisisWarped by SuccessStudio album by China CrisisReleased24 August 1994RecordedJanuary–March 19…
Bagian dari Alkitab KristenPerjanjian LamaYosua 1:1 pada Kodeks Aleppo Taurat Kejadian Keluaran Imamat Bilangan Ulangan Sejarah Yosua Hakim-hakim Rut 1 Samuel 2 Samuel 1 Raja-raja 2 Raja-raja 1 Tawarikh 2 Tawarikh Ezra Nehemia Ester Puisi Ayub Mazmur Amsal Pengkhotbah Kidung Agung Kenabian Besar Yesaya Yeremia Ratapan Yehezkiel Daniel Kecil Hosea Yoël Amos Obaja Yunus Mikha Nahum Habakuk Zefanya Hagai Zakharia Maleakhi Deuterokanonika Tobit Yudit Tambahan Ester 1 Makabe 2 Makabe Kebijaksanaan S…
Untuk kegunaan lain, lihat Diva (disambiguasi). DivaSingel oleh Beyoncé Knowlesdari album I Am... Sasha FierceFormatDigital download, CD singleDirekam2007-2008GenreR&B, Hip hopDurasi3:20LabelColumbiaPenciptaKnowles, Bangladesh, Sean GarrettProduserBangladesh, Sean Garrett, Beyoncé Knowles Diva adalah lagu R&B/hip hop oleh penyanyi R&B Amerika Serikat, Beyoncé Knowles, yang direkam untuk studio album ketiganya, I Am... Sasha Fierce. Lagu ini ditulis oleh Beyoncé Knowles, Banglades…
Financial services company Virtu Financial, Inc.Headquarters at 1633 BroadwayTypePublic companyTraded asNasdaq: VIRT (Class A)Russell 1000 componentIndustryFinancial servicesFounded2008; 15 years ago (2008)FounderVincent ViolaHeadquartersNew York City, U.S.Key peopleMichael Viola (Executive Chairman)Douglas Cifu (CEO)ProductsHigh-frequency trading,[1][2] market makingRevenue US$2.36 billion (2022)Operating income US$557 million (2022)Net income US$265 milli…
Species of the genus Malus Malus sylvestris Conservation status Data Deficient (IUCN 3.1)[1] Scientific classification Kingdom: Plantae Clade: Tracheophytes Clade: Angiosperms Clade: Eudicots Clade: Rosids Order: Rosales Family: Rosaceae Genus: Malus Species: M. sylvestris Binomial name Malus sylvestris(L.) Mill. Malus sylvestris, the European crab apple, also known as the European wild apple or simply the crab apple, is a species of the genus Malus, native to Europe and wester…
Arena in Birmingham, Alabama Legacy ArenaInterior of the arena during the 2009 Davis CupLegacy ArenaLocation within AlabamaShow map of AlabamaLegacy ArenaLocation within the United StatesShow map of the United StatesFormer namesBJCC Coliseum (1976–99)BJCC Arena (1999–2014)Address2100 Richard Arrington Jr. Blvd N.LocationBirmingham, Alabama, U.S.Coordinates33°31′26″N 86°48′47″W / 33.523780°N 86.812935°W / 33.523780; -86.812935OwnerBirmingham-Jefferson Civic…
This article has multiple issues. Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page. (Learn how and when to remove these template messages) This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.Find sources: Small plates – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (June 2021) (Learn how and when to remove this temp…
Multi-sport event in Brazzaville, Congo I All-Africa GamesHost cityBrazzaville, CongoOpening18 July 1965Closing25 July 1965Opened byAlphonse Massemba-DébatLagos 1973 → The 1st All-Africa Games – Brazzaville 1965 was a multi-sport event played from July 18, 1965, to July 25, 1965, in Brazzaville, Congo. History The first games to open to the entire African continent occurred a full forty years after they were first intended. Pierre de Coubertin, had proposed the first African Games …
Valley in Scotland The Steall Falls from below Glen Nevis (Scottish Gaelic: Gleann Nibheis) is a glen in Lochaber, Highland, Scotland, with Fort William at its foot. It is bordered to the south by the Mamore range, and to the north by the highest mountains in the British Isles: Ben Nevis, Càrn Mor Dearg, Aonach Mòr, and Aonach Beag. It is home to one of the three highest waterfalls in Scotland, Steall Falls, where the Allt Coire a'Mhail joins the Water of Nevis in the glen. Below the waterfall…
This article has multiple issues. Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page. (Learn how and when to remove these template messages) This article relies excessively on references to primary sources. Please improve this article by adding secondary or tertiary sources. Find sources: Mateo Santos – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (December 2007) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) This article consists almost…
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