正确答案2021

正确答案2021
Juiste Antwoord 2021
简称JA21
领袖约斯特·埃德曼斯英语Joost Eerdmans[1]
主席阿德林·德布尔
参议院领袖安娜贝尔·南宁哈荷兰语Annabel Nanninga
欧洲议会领袖德克·扬·埃平克英语Derk Jan Eppink
創始人约斯特·埃德曼斯英语Joost Eerdmans
安娜贝尔·南宁哈荷兰语Annabel Nanninga
成立2020年12月18日 (2020-12-18)
分裂自民主论坛
党员
(2020年)
2,000[2]
意識形態保守自由主义[3]
右翼民粹主义[4]
欧洲怀疑主义[5][6]
反移民[5]
富图恩主义[7]
政治立場右翼[3]极右翼[8]
欧洲组织欧洲保守派和改革主义者党
歐洲議會黨團欧洲保守派和改革主义者
官方色彩    海军蓝绯红色
参议院
3 / 75
众议院
3 / 150
省议会英语Provincial council (Netherlands)
32 / 570
欧洲议会
0 / 29
阿姆斯特丹市议会
2 / 45
官方网站
ja21.nl
荷兰政治
政党 · 选举

正确答案2021荷蘭語Juiste Antwoord 2021,缩写JA21)是荷兰的一个政党,目前作为南宁哈党团荷兰语Fractie-Nanninga荷蘭語Fractie-Nanninga)活跃在参议院[9][10]。该党的创始人是约斯特·埃德曼斯英语Joost Eerdmans安娜贝尔·南宁哈荷兰语Annabel Nanninga,2020年11月26日他们离开民主论坛,同年12月18日建立该党[11]。该党参加了定于2021年3月17日举行的2021年荷兰大选[9]

历史

约斯特·埃德曼斯英语Joost Eerdmans,JA21的共同创立者和领导人
安娜贝尔·南宁哈荷兰语Annabel Nanninga,JA21的共同创立者和领导人

正确答案2021成立于2020年12月18日,由民主论坛前成员埃德曼斯和南宁哈成立,他们因民主论坛领导层对其青年翼种族主义反犹主义同性恋恐惧症指控(包括颂扬安德斯·布雷维克布伦顿·塔兰特)的回应引发争议及该党党魁蒂里·鲍德特英语Thierry Baudet发表了有争议的声明而离开了民主论坛[1][9][12]。该党自称是一个“真正的”右翼政党,旨在填补中间偏右自由民主人民党(VVD)和极右翼自由党(PVV)之间的差距。该党领导人约斯特·埃德曼斯英语Joost Eerdmans此前曾是皮姆·富图恩名单英语Pim Fortuyn List的议员,并担任鹿特丹副市长英语Deputy mayor[9][13]

2020年12月20日,前民主论坛欧洲议会议员德克·扬·埃平克英语Derk Jan Eppink罗布·罗斯荷兰语Rob Roos罗布·罗肯荷兰语Rob Rooken宣布,他们已成为JA21的成员[14]。两天后,由7名前民主论坛参议员组成的独立参议院党团范帕雷伦党团(Fractie-Van Pareren)加入了JA21,使其成为参议院第四大党[10][15]

2021年1月16日,北布拉班特省民主论坛党团分裂,三名成员离开民主论坛,组成北布拉班特省议会英语Provincial Council of North Brabant的JA21议会党团[16]。由于民主论坛在分裂时是该省联合政府的一部分,新成立的JA21议会党团在与其他联盟成员会谈后立即加入联盟,标志着JA21首次与其他政党结成联盟[17]

意识形态

JA21在其纲领中称自己同时是自由派保守派,强调个人自由、政治透明度和可信赖的政府[18]。它主张“更少监管负担、税收减免、严格的移民政策、支持使我们国家伟大的企业家”[19]。该党还希望通过将“荷兰利益放在首位”和支持民族自决来减少欧盟对荷兰内政的影响,从而加强荷兰的自主权[19]。JA21还支持就荷兰加入欧元区一事举行全民公决,希望修改荷兰加入欧盟的条约和申根协议,并重新谈判荷兰加入欧盟。该党反对土耳其加入欧盟英语Accession of Turkey to the European Union[6]。该党还希望退出欧盟庇护协议,重新获得对荷兰边境的完全控制,并驱逐非法移民[20]。JA21还反对削减警察预算,并呼吁对袭击急救人员和屡次犯罪的人判处更严厉的监禁[21]。该党还呼吁采取强制措施让移民学习荷兰语,希望结束外国对清真寺和伊斯兰学校的资助,并指出具有双重国籍的人如果加入外国恐怖组织,应被剥夺荷兰国籍[22]。该党还支持外国投资和与其他国家保持自由贸易协定,以遏制移民流动,并希望在英国脱欧后与英国保持良好关系[23]。JA21还支持互联网自由,并希望通过阻止政府和大型科技公司挖掘个人数据或违反隐私法来保护网络隐私权[24]

JA21在其网站上将其信念列为:[19]

参考资料

  1. ^ 1.0 1.1 Joost Eerdmans wil Tweede Kamer in met nieuwe partij: 'JA21'. RTV Rijnmond. 2020-12-18 [2021-03-02]. (原始内容存档于2020-12-18) (荷兰语). 
  2. ^ JA21 [@JuisteAntwoord]. #JA21 groeit door! Steeds meer mensen sluiten zich bij ons aan en kiezen voor een degelijk en onderbouwd rechts geluid. Op naar de volgende mijlpaal. (推文). 2021-01-04 [2021-03-02] –通过Twitter. 
  3. ^ 3.0 3.1 Eerdmans en Nanninga doen met 'JA21' mee aan verkiezingen. Nederlandse Omroep Stichting. 2020-12-18 [2021-03-02]. (原始内容存档于2021-01-10) (荷兰语). 
  4. ^ Ravensbergen, Roos. Rechts-populistische partijen: de verschillen en overeenkomsten. Metro. 2021-03-14 [2021-03-16]. (原始内容存档于2021-11-07) (荷兰语). 
  5. ^ 5.0 5.1 Ja21! - Het Juiste Antwoord. JA21. [2021-03-02]. (原始内容存档于2021-03-24) (荷兰语). 
  6. ^ 6.0 6.1 EU en euro. JA21. [2021-03-03]. (原始内容存档于2021-01-18) (荷兰语). 
  7. ^ Jarry Popelier. JA21-oprichter Joost Eerdmans: 'Aan ons de taak het land te verdedigen'. Panorama. 2021-02-07 [2021-03-02]. (原始内容存档于2021-02-07) (荷兰语). 
  8. ^ Schaart, Eline. 4 Dutch election takeaways. Politico. 2021-03-18 [2021-03-20]. (原始内容存档于2021-04-30). |Dutch election: progressive party surges as PM begins coalition talks. the Guardian. 2021-03-18 [2021-03-20]. (原始内容存档于2021-12-15) (英语). |Damhuis, Koen. Dutch elections: Mark Rutte wins another term but fragmented results mask continuing popularity of the far right. The Conversation (19 March 2021). [2021-03-22]. (原始内容存档于2021-11-07) (英语). |Rutten, Rik. Van Europa tot abortus: JA21 verschilt in alles van D66. NRC. 2021-03-22 [2021-03-22]. (原始内容存档于2021-11-08) (荷兰语). 
  9. ^ 9.0 9.1 9.2 9.3 Forum-rebellen Eerdmans en Nanninga starten eigen partij: JA21. de Volkskrant. 2020-12-18 [2021-03-02]. (原始内容存档于2023-07-26) (荷兰语). 
  10. ^ 10.0 10.1 Zeven senatoren (ex-FvD) sluiten zich aan bij partij Eerdmans en Nanninga. Nederlandse Omroep Stichting. 2020-12-24 [2021-03-02]. (原始内容存档于2023-07-26) (荷兰语). 
  11. ^ Nanninga, Eerdmans, Pouw en Vlaardingerbroek stappen uit Forum voor Democratie. Nederlandse Omroep Stichting. 2020-11-26 [2021-03-02]. (原始内容存档于2023-07-26) (荷兰语). 
  12. ^ Joost Eerdmans en Annabel Nanninga doen met nieuwe partij JA21 mee aan verkiezingen. Trouw. 2020-12-18 [2021-03-04]. (原始内容存档于2023-07-26) (荷兰语). 
  13. ^ Eerdmans en Nanninga doen met nieuwe partij JA21 mee aan verkiezingen. Algemeen Dagblad. 2020-12-18 [2021-03-04]. (原始内容存档于2021-02-28) (荷兰语). 
  14. ^ Eerdmans' JA21 krijgt in één klap drie zetels in Europees Parlement. RTV Rijnmond. 2020-12-20 [2021-03-04]. (原始内容存档于2020-12-20) (荷兰语). 
  15. ^ FVD-afsplitsers vinden onderdak bij Nanninga en Eerdmans. NRC. 2020-12-24 [2021-03-04]. (原始内容存档于2020-12-24) (荷兰语). 
  16. ^ Brabantse Forum-leden stappen over naar JA21 van Eerdmans en Nanninga. de Volkskrant. 2021-01-16 [2021-03-04]. (原始内容存档于2021-01-22) (荷兰语). 
  17. ^ Paternotte, Bas. Forum-fractie Noord-Brabant opgesplitst, 3 statenleden naar JA21. ThePostOnline. 2021-01-16 [2021-03-04]. (原始内容存档于2021-01-22) (荷兰语). 
  18. ^ Liberaal en conservatief. JA21. [2021-03-03]. (原始内容存档于2021-02-24) (荷兰语). 
  19. ^ 19.0 19.1 19.2 Standpunten. JA21. [2021-03-03]. (原始内容存档于2021-03-24) (荷兰语). 
  20. ^ Immigratie en asiel. JA21. [2021-03-03]. (原始内容存档于2021-02-20) (荷兰语). 
  21. ^ Veiligheid en criminaliteit. JA21. [2021-03-03]. (原始内容存档于2021-03-10) (荷兰语). 
  22. ^ Integratie en Nederlandse identiteit. JA21. [2021-03-03]. (原始内容存档于2021-03-23) (荷兰语). 
  23. ^ Handel en ontwikkeling. JA21. [2021-03-03]. (原始内容存档于2021-02-08) (荷兰语). 
  24. ^ Informatie en privacy. JA21. [2021-03-03]. (原始内容存档于2021-02-02) (荷兰语). 

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