安沙尔

安沙尔站在一头公牛上.从亚述国古城之一阿舒尔出土.

巴比伦创世神话埃努玛·埃利什》(Enuma Elish)中,安沙尔(英語:Anshar[1],也拼作安舒尔(Anshur),意思是“天枢”和“天轴”,是。与“地极”神基沙尔既是姐弟,又是夫妻。他俩可能分别代表了天(an)和地(ki)。他们都属第二代神;其父母是巨蛇神拉赫穆(Lahmu)和拉哈穆(Lahamu),祖父母是提阿玛特(Tiamat)和阿勃祖(Abzu)。反过来,他们又是安努,另一位天空之神的父母。[2]萨尔贡二世(Sargon II)统治时期,亚述人开始将他与亚述的主神阿舒尔(Anshar)混同,使他出现在他们的《埃努玛·埃利什》中。在该神话中安沙尔的配偶是宁利勒(Ninlil)。由于他俩犯下了不可告人的坏事,于是,阿勃祖决定消灭他们。然而他们都听到​​了该消息并预先下手杀了他。阿勃祖的妻子提阿玛特愤怒了,她一口气生下11个孩子。[3]这11个孩子后来将他俩杀掉,但提阿玛特为丈夫复仇的举动引起了众神的惊慌和抵抗。马尔杜克(Marduk)(雨神/雷神/風暴神)用一张神网裹住提阿玛特,并召唤四股神风吹进她的大嘴,使她无法闭上,然后一箭将她射死。马尔杜克把她的躯体劈成两半,分别创造了天地,并用她的眼泪创造了大地上的河流,用她的血创造了人类。

如果安萨尔(Anšar)/此名字是从*/Anśar/导出,那么它可能会涉及到埃及象形文字/NTR/(“神”),因为埃及象形文字 /Ṭ/ 其词源可能就是*/ S/。

参考文献

  1. ^ 《世界神话神曲》,“安沙尔<阿卡德>”,第227页,辽宁人民出版社,1989年
  2. ^ J.Black & A.Green,《神仙、妖魔和古代美索不达米亚的符号》,2004年,第34页
  3. ^ G. Frame, Babylonia 689-627, p. 57

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