威廉·洛厄尔·普特南数学竞赛
威廉·洛厄尔·普特南数学竞赛,通常简称为普特南竞赛,是美国和加拿大高等教育机构注册的本科大学生的年度数学竞赛(没有国籍限制)。它为顶尖学生颁发奖学金和现金奖励,从 250 美元到 2,500 美元不等,为顶尖学校颁发 5,000 美元到 25,000 美元,此外,考试成绩的前五名(被指定为普特南會員),在哈佛获得最高12,000美元的奖学金(Putnam Fellow Prize Fellowship),[1]得分前100名的个人选手名字会被刊登在美国数学月刊(按字母顺序排列),前500名选手的姓名和地址会被发送给所有参与机构。它以世界上最负盛名的大学生数学竞赛被广泛认可,其难度从尽管有数学系学生参与其中然中位数仍常常为零可见一斑(满分120分)。
该竞赛于1927年开始,由伊丽莎白·洛厄尔·普特南为纪念她的丈夫威廉·洛厄尔·普特南(William Lowell Putnam)设立。考试自1938年以来以每年一次的频率进行(特例为1943、1944、1945停办,1958年两次),管理方为美国数学协会。
比赛方式
普特南比赛通常在12月的第一个星期六举行, 由两次3个小时的考试组成, 由午休时间分开,一般学校会提供免费午餐。考试由参与学校的教职员工监督。这些问题通常需具备大学数学的基础知识才能解决, 但需要广泛的创造性思维。
12个问题中的每一题都值10分, 零以上的最常见分数是10分(完整答案/证明), 9分(几乎完整的答案/证明), 以及1分(答案的最开始一部分,一般较为容易)。在前几年, 这12个问题各值1分, 没有给予部分得分。考试被普遍认为是极度困难的,通常只有专门学习数学的学生才能看懂并尝试。 但中位分数通常是零或一分, 截至2010年, 只有4个滿分。2003年, 在3615名参加考试的学生中, 1024名考生(28%) 得了10分或10分以上, 若可以取得42分便足以达到最高的百分位(>=99%)。
在参与的学院(大学), 任何希望参加考试的学生都可以参加考试 (受学校考试次数的限制); 在2019年之前,学校的队伍由三名事先指定的个人组成。到2019年为止,每支队伍的得分是3名队员的排名之和,累积排名最低的队伍获胜。最终的结果完全有可能(甚至是在一些机构中常见的结果),表明选择了 "错误" 的团队--即一些不在官方团队中的学生的得分超过了正式团队成员。例如, 在 2010年, 麻省理工学院在考试前5名的得分手中有两名, 在24强中有 7名, 而加州理工在前五名中只有一名学生, 在前24名中只有4名学生;但加州理工排名第一, 而麻省理工则位居第二。
按照这个顺序, 前五名的团队会依次赢得25,000美金、2,0000美金、15,000美金、15,000美金、10,000美金和5,000美元, 团队成员会分别获得1000美金,800美金,600美金,400美金和200美金。
前五名的个人得分手名叫普特南會員, 奖金为 2,500 美元。第一名的队伍的学校获得25000美金的奖励。排名第一的队伍的队员以及伊丽莎白·洛厄尔·普特南奖的获得者, 都能获得 1,000 美元。第六至第15名的人可获得 1,000 美元, 接下来的10人可获得250美元。前100名学生的名字发表在《美国数学月刊》上, 考试成绩在考试结束后的4月初公布。
许多普特南會員已成为数学和其他领域的杰出研究人员, 其中包括三名菲尔兹奖得主--米尔诺(同时也是阿贝尔奖的获得主)、蒙福德和奎伦--以及两位诺贝尔物理学奖获得者--理查德·費曼和威尔逊。
得奖者
得分最高的团队
年份
|
第一名
|
第二名
|
第三名
|
第四名
|
第五名
|
1938
|
Toronto
|
UC Berkeley
|
Columbia
|
|
1939
|
Brooklyn College
|
MIT
|
Mississippi Woman's
|
|
1940
|
Toronto
|
Yale
|
Columbia
|
|
1941
|
Brooklyn College
|
UPenn
|
MIT
|
|
1942
|
Toronto
|
Yale
|
MIT
|
City College of NY
|
|
1946
|
Toronto
|
MIT
|
Brooklyn College
|
Carnegie Tech
|
|
1947
|
Harvard
|
Yale
|
Columbia
|
UPenn
|
|
1948
|
Brooklyn College
|
Toronto
|
Harvard
|
City College of NY 和 McGill
|
1949
|
Harvard
|
Toronto
|
Carnegie Tech
|
City College of NY
|
|
1950
|
Caltech
|
Harvard
|
NYU
|
Toronto
|
|
1951
|
Cornell
|
Harvard
|
Cooper Union
|
City College of NY
|
|
1952
|
Queen's
|
Brooklyn Polytech
|
Harvard
|
MIT
|
|
1953
|
Harvard
|
City College of NY
|
Cornell
|
UC Berkeley
|
|
1954
|
Cornell
|
Harvard
|
MIT
|
Toronto
|
|
1955
|
Harvard
|
Toronto
|
Yale
|
Kenyon
|
|
1956
|
Harvard
|
Columbia
|
Queen's
|
MIT
|
|
1957
|
Harvard
|
Columbia
|
Cornell
|
Caltech
|
|
1958 (Spring)
|
Brooklyn Polytech
|
Harvard
|
Toronto
|
Manitoba
|
|
1958 (Fall)
|
Harvard
|
Toronto
|
Caltech
|
Cornell
|
|
1959
|
Brooklyn Polytech
|
Caltech
|
Toronto
|
Harvard
|
Case Tech
|
1960
|
UC Berkeley
|
Harvard
|
MIT
|
Michigan State
|
Cornell
|
1961
|
Michigan State
|
MIT
|
Caltech
|
Harvard
|
Dartmouth
|
1962
|
Caltech
|
Dartmouth
|
Harvard
|
Queen's
|
UCLA
|
1963
|
Michigan State
|
Brooklyn College
|
UPenn
|
Caltech
|
MIT
|
1964
|
Caltech
|
MIT
|
Harvard
|
Case Tech
|
UC Berkeley
|
1965
|
Harvard
|
MIT
|
Toronto
|
Princeton
|
Caltech
|
1966
|
Harvard
|
MIT
|
Chicago
|
Michigan
|
Princeton
|
1967
|
Michigan State
|
Caltech
|
Harvard
|
MIT
|
Michigan
|
1968
|
MIT
|
Waterloo
|
UCLA
|
Michigan State
|
Kansas
|
1969
|
MIT
|
Rice
|
Chicago
|
Harvard
|
Yale
|
1970
|
Chicago
|
MIT
|
Toronto
|
Illinois Tech
|
Caltech
|
1971
|
Caltech
|
Chicago
|
Harvard
|
UC Davis
|
MIT
|
1972
|
Caltech
|
Oberlin
|
Harvard
|
Swarthmore
|
MIT
|
1973
|
Caltech
|
British Columbia
|
Chicago
|
Harvard
|
Princeton
|
1974
|
Waterloo
|
Chicago
|
Caltech
|
MIT
|
British Columbia
|
1975
|
Caltech
|
Chicago
|
MIT
|
Princeton
|
Harvard
|
1976
|
Caltech
|
Washington U in StL
|
Princeton
|
Case Western Reserve 和 MIT
|
1977
|
Washington U in StL
|
UC Davis
|
Caltech
|
Princeton
|
MIT
|
1978
|
Case Western Reserve
|
Washington U in StL
|
Waterloo
|
Harvard
|
Caltech
|
1979
|
MIT
|
Caltech
|
Princeton
|
Stanford
|
Waterloo
|
1980
|
Washington U in StL
|
Harvard
|
Maryland
|
Chicago
|
UC Berkeley
|
1981
|
Washington U in StL
|
Princeton
|
Harvard
|
Stanford
|
Maryland
|
1982
|
Harvard
|
Waterloo
|
Caltech
|
Yale
|
Princeton
|
1983
|
Caltech
|
Washington U in StL
|
Waterloo
|
Princeton
|
Chicago
|
1984
|
UC Davis 和 Washington U in StL
|
Harvard
|
Princeton
|
Yale
|
1985
|
Harvard
|
Princeton
|
UC Berkeley
|
Rice
|
Waterloo
|
1986
|
Harvard
|
Washington U in StL
|
UC Berkeley
|
Yale
|
MIT
|
1987
|
Harvard
|
Princeton
|
Carnegie Mellon
|
UC Berkeley
|
MIT
|
1988
|
Harvard
|
Princeton
|
Rice
|
Waterloo
|
Caltech
|
1989
|
Harvard
|
Princeton
|
Waterloo
|
Yale
|
Rice
|
1990
|
Harvard
|
Duke
|
Waterloo
|
Yale
|
Washington U in StL
|
1991
|
Harvard
|
Waterloo
|
Harvey Mudd
|
Stanford
|
Yale
|
1992
|
Harvard
|
Toronto
|
Waterloo
|
Princeton
|
Cornell
|
1993
|
Duke
|
Harvard
|
Miami University
|
MIT
|
Michigan
|
1994
|
Harvard
|
Cornell
|
MIT
|
Princeton
|
Waterloo
|
1995
|
Harvard
|
Cornell
|
MIT
|
Toronto
|
Princeton
|
1996
|
Duke
|
Princeton
|
Harvard
|
Washington U in StL
|
Caltech
|
1997
|
Harvard
|
Duke
|
Princeton
|
MIT
|
Washington U in StL
|
1998
|
Harvard
|
MIT
|
Princeton
|
Caltech
|
Waterloo
|
1999
|
Waterloo
|
Harvard
|
Duke
|
Michigan
|
Chicago
|
2000
|
Duke
|
MIT
|
Harvard
|
Caltech
|
Toronto
|
2001
|
Harvard
|
MIT
|
Duke
|
UC Berkeley
|
Stanford
|
2002
|
Harvard
|
Princeton
|
Duke
|
UC Berkeley
|
Stanford
|
2003
|
MIT
|
Harvard
|
Duke
|
Caltech
|
Harvey Mudd
|
2004
|
MIT
|
Princeton
|
Duke
|
Waterloo
|
Caltech
|
2005
|
Harvard
|
Princeton
|
Duke
|
MIT
|
Waterloo
|
2006
|
Princeton
|
Harvard
|
MIT
|
Toronto
|
Chicago
|
2007
|
Harvard
|
Princeton
|
MIT
|
Stanford
|
Duke
|
2008
|
Harvard
|
Princeton
|
MIT
|
Stanford
|
Caltech
|
2009
|
MIT
|
Harvard
|
Caltech
|
Stanford
|
Princeton
|
2010
|
Caltech
|
MIT
|
Harvard
|
UC Berkeley
|
Waterloo
|
2011
|
Harvard
|
Carnegie Mellon
|
Caltech
|
Stanford
|
MIT
|
2012
|
Harvard
|
MIT
|
UCLA
|
Stony Brook
|
Carnegie Mellon
|
2013
|
MIT
|
Carnegie Mellon
|
Stanford
|
Harvard
|
Caltech
|
2014
|
MIT
|
Harvard
|
RPI
|
Waterloo
|
Carnegie Mellon
|
2015
|
MIT
|
Carnegie Mellon
|
Princeton
|
Stanford
|
Harvard
|
2016
|
Carnegie Mellon
|
Princeton
|
Harvard
|
MIT
|
Stanford
|
2017
|
MIT
|
Harvard
|
Princeton
|
Toronto
|
UCLA
|
2018
|
Harvard
|
MIT
|
UCLA
|
Columbia
|
Stanford
|
2019
|
MIT
|
Harvard
|
Stanford
|
UCLA
|
Waterloo
|
2021
|
MIT
|
Princeton
|
Harvard
|
Stanford
|
UCLA
|
按历史表现排名的团队
下面是按前五名的出场次数和冠军数量列出的团队表。
下表列出了在前五名 (截至2021年的比赛) 中完成的团队:
前五名
|
团队
|
68
|
Harvard
|
51
|
MIT
|
33
|
Caltech
|
32
|
Princeton
|
20
|
Waterloo
|
19
|
Toronto
|
15
|
Stanford
|
12
|
Duke
|
11
|
Chicago, Washington University in St. Louis, Yale
|
10
|
UC Berkeley, Cornell
|
9
|
Carnegie Mellon(包括前身Carnegie Tech)
|
7
|
UCLA
|
6
|
Columbia
|
5
|
Brooklyn College, City College of New York, Michigan State
|
4
|
Case Western Reserve (包括前身Case Tech), Michigan, Rice
|
3
|
Brooklyn Polytech, UC Davis, Queen's University at Kingston, University of Pennsylvania
|
2
|
British Columbia, Dartmouth, Harvey Mudd, Maryland
|
1
|
Cooper Union, Illinois Tech, Kansas, Kenyon, Manitoba, McGill, Miami University, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute,
NYU, Oberlin college, Stony Brook, Swarthmore college, William Carey (旧名为Mississippi Woman's)
|
下表列出了自 2000年 (截至2021年的比赛) 以来进入前五名的团队:
前五名
|
团队
|
20
|
Harvard, MIT
|
12
|
Stanford
|
11
|
Princeton
|
8
|
Caltech
|
7
|
Duke
|
6
|
Carnegie Mellon
|
5
|
waterloo, UCLA
|
3
|
UC Berkeley, Toronto
|
1
|
Chicago, Harvey Mudd, Stony Brook, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute , Columbia
|
下表列出了排名第一的团队 (截至2021年的比赛):
第一名
|
团队
|
30
|
Harvard
|
11
|
MIT
|
10
|
Caltech
|
4
|
Toronto, Washington U in StL
|
3
|
Brooklyn College, Duke, Michigan State
|
2
|
Brooklyn Polytech, Cornell, Waterloo
|
1
|
UC Berkeley, UC Davis, Carnegie Mellon, Case Western Reserve, Chicago, Princeton, Queen's
|
普特南會員
自第一场比赛以来, 考试成绩最高的5人 (或6名, 如果打成平局) 被评为普特南會員。在前五名中, 普特南會員没有排名。学生不得参加普特南比赛4次以上。例如, 如果一个高三学生选择正式参与, 她实际上选择放弃他在大学的几年资格之一 (见加布里埃尔·卡罗尔)。这使得四次成为普特南會員更加了不起。在比赛历史上, 只有8名学生曾4次担任普特南會員, 另有23人三次获奖。下表列出了这些学生:
名字
|
学校
|
年份
|
Don Coppersmith
|
MIT
|
1968
|
1969
|
1970
|
1971
|
Arthur Rubin
|
Purdue, Caltech
|
1970
|
1971
|
1972
|
1973
|
Bjorn Poonen
|
Harvard
|
1985
|
1986
|
1987
|
1988
|
Ravi D. Vakil
|
Toronto
|
1988
|
1989
|
1990
|
1991
|
Gabriel D. Carroll
|
UC Berkeley, Harvard
|
2000
|
2001
|
2002
|
2003
|
Reid W. Barton
|
MIT
|
2001
|
2002
|
2003
|
2004
|
Daniel Kane
|
MIT
|
2003
|
2004
|
2005
|
2006
|
Brian R. Lawrence
|
Caltech
|
2007
|
2008
|
2010
|
2011
|
Edward L. Kaplan
|
Carnegie Tech
|
1939
|
1940
|
1941
|
|
Andrew M. Gleason
|
Yale
|
1940
|
1941
|
1942
|
|
Donald J. Newman
|
City College of NY
|
1948
|
1949
|
1950
|
|
James B. Herreshoff IV
|
UC Berkeley
|
1951
|
1952
|
1953
|
|
Samuel Jacob Klein
|
City College of NY
|
1953
|
1959
|
1960
|
|
Randall L. Dougherty
|
UC Berkeley
|
1978
|
1979
|
1980
|
|
Eric D. Carlson
|
Michigan State
|
1980
|
1982
|
1983
|
|
David W. Ash
|
Waterloo
|
1981
|
1982
|
1983
|
|
Noam D. Elkies
|
Columbia
|
1982
|
1983
|
1984
|
|
David J. Grabiner
|
Princeton
|
1986
|
1987
|
1988
|
|
David J. Moews
|
Harvard
|
1986
|
1987
|
1988
|
|
J. P. Grossman
|
Toronto
|
1993
|
1994
|
1995
|
|
Kiran S. Kedlaya
|
Harvard
|
1993
|
1994
|
1995
|
|
Lenhard L. Ng
|
Harvard
|
1993
|
1994
|
1995
|
|
Ciprian Manolescu
|
Harvard
|
1997
|
1998
|
2000
|
|
Aaron Pixton
|
Princeton
|
2004
|
2005
|
2007
|
|
Yufei Zhao
|
MIT
|
2006
|
2008
|
2009
|
|
Arnav Tripathy
|
Harvard
|
2007
|
2008
|
2009
|
|
Seok Hyeong Lee
|
Stanford
|
2008
|
2010
|
2011
|
|
Evan O'Dorney
|
UC Berkeley, Harvard
|
2011
|
2012
|
2013
|
|
Zipei Nie
|
MIT
|
2012
|
2013
|
2014
|
|
David Yang
|
MIT
|
2013
|
2014
|
2015
|
|
Yunkun Zhou
|
MIT
|
2015
|
2016
|
2017
|
|
在下表中列出了1938年至今的所有普特南會員, 以及他们进入前五名的年份。
名字(学校)
|
年份
|
George W. Mackey (Rice)
|
1938
|
Irving Kaplansky (Toronto)
|
1938
|
Michael J. Norris (College of St. Thomas)
|
1938
|
Robert W. Gibson (Fort Hays Kansas State)
|
1938
|
Bernard Sherman (Brooklyn College)
|
1938, 1939
|
Abraham Hillman (Brooklyn College)
|
1939
|
Richard P. Feynman (MIT)
|
1939
|
William Nierenberg (City College of NY)
|
1939
|
Edward L. Kaplan (Carnegie Tech)
|
1939, 1940, 1941
|
John Cotton Maynard (Toronto)
|
1940
|
Robert Maughan Snow (George Washington)
|
1940
|
W. J. R. Crosby (Toronto)
|
1940
|
Andrew M. Gleason (Yale)
|
1940, 1941, 1942
|
Paul C. Rosenbloom (UPenn)
|
1941
|
Richard F. Arens (UCLA)
|
1941
|
Samuel I. Askovitz (UPenn)
|
1941
|
Harold Victor Lyons (Toronto)
|
1942
|
Harvey Cohn (City College of NY)
|
1942
|
Melvin A. Preston (Toronto)
|
1942
|
Warren S. Loud (MIT)
|
1942
|
Donald A. Fraser (Toronto)
|
1946
|
Eugenio Calabi (MIT)
|
1946
|
Felix Browder (MIT)
|
1946
|
J. Arthur Greenwood (Harvard)
|
1946
|
Maxwell A. Rosenlicht (Columbia)
|
1946, 1947
|
Clarence Wilson Hewlett, Jr. (Harvard)
|
1947
|
William Turanski (UPenn)
|
1947
|
Eoin L. Whitney (Alberta)
|
1947, 1948
|
W. Forrest Stinespring (Harvard)
|
1947, 1949
|
George F. D. Duff (Toronto)
|
1948
|
Harry Gonshor (McGill)
|
1948
|
Leonard Geller (Brooklyn College)
|
1948
|
Robert L. Mills (Columbia)
|
1948
|
Donald J. Newman (City College of NY)
|
1948, 1949, 1950
|
Ariel Zemach (Harvard)
|
1949
|
David L. Yarmush (Harvard)
|
1949
|
John W. Milnor (Princeton)
|
1949, 1950
|
John P. Mayberry (Toronto)
|
1950
|
Richard J. Semple (Toronto)
|
1950
|
Z. Alexander Melzak (British Columbia)
|
1950
|
Arthur P. Dempster (Toronto)
|
1951
|
Harold Widom (City College of NY)
|
1951
|
Herbert C. Kranzer (NYU)
|
1951
|
Peter John Redmond (Cooper Union)
|
1951
|
James B. Herreshoff IV (UC Berkeley)
|
1951, 1952, 1953
|
Eugene R. Rodemich (Washington U in StL)
|
1952
|
Gerhard Rayna (Harvard)
|
1952
|
Richard G. Swan (Princeton)
|
1952
|
Walter Lewis Baily, Jr. (MIT)
|
1952
|
Marshall L. Freimer (Harvard)
|
1953
|
Norman Bauman (Harvard)
|
1953
|
Tai Tsun Wu (Minnesota)
|
1953
|
Samuel Jacob Klein (City College of NY)
|
1953, 1959, 1960
|
Benjamin Muckenhoupt (Harvard)
|
1954
|
James Daniel Bjorken (MIT)
|
1954
|
Leonard Evens (Cornell)
|
1954
|
William P. Hanf (UC Berkeley)
|
1954
|
Kenneth G. Wilson (Harvard)
|
1954, 1956
|
Howard C. Rumsey, Jr. (Caltech)
|
1955
|
Jack Towber (Brooklyn College)
|
1955
|
David B. Mumford (Harvard)
|
1955, 1956
|
Trevor Barker (Kenyon)
|
1955, 1956
|
Everett C. Dade (Harvard)
|
1955, 1957
|
Richard Michael Friedberg (Harvard)
|
1956
|
David M. Bloom (Columbia)
|
1956, 1957
|
J. Ian Richards (Minnesota)
|
1957
|
Richard T. Bumby (MIT)
|
1957
|
Rohit J. Parikh (Harvard)
|
1957
|
David R. Brillinger (Toronto)
|
Spring 1958
|
Donald J. C. Bures (Queen's)
|
Spring 1958
|
Lawrence A. Shepp (Brooklyn Polytech)
|
Spring 1958
|
Richard M. Dudley (Harvard)
|
Spring 1958
|
Joseph Lipman (Toronto)
|
Spring 1958, Fall 1958
|
Alan Gaisford Waterman (San Diego State)
|
Fall 1958
|
John Rex Forrester Hewett (Toronto)
|
Fall 1958
|
Robin C. Hartshorne (Harvard)
|
Fall 1958
|
Alfred W. Hales (Caltech)
|
Fall 1958, 1959
|
Daniel G. Quillen (Harvard)
|
1959
|
Donald Passman (Brooklyn Polytech)
|
1959
|
Donald S. Gorman (Harvard)
|
1959
|
I. Martin Isaacs (Brooklyn Polytech)
|
1959
|
Stephen L. Adler (Harvard)
|
1959
|
Stephen Lichtenbaum (Harvard)
|
1959
|
Jon H. Folkman (UC Berkeley)
|
1960
|
Louis Jaeckel (UCLA)
|
1960
|
Melvin Hochster (Harvard)
|
1960
|
William R. Emerson (Caltech)
|
1960
|
Barry Wolk (Manitoba)
|
1961
|
Elwyn R. Berlekamp (MIT)
|
1961
|
Edward Anton Bender (Caltech)
|
1961, 1962
|
John Hathaway Lindsey (Caltech)
|
1961, 1962
|
William C. Waterhouse (Harvard)
|
1961, 1962
|
John William Wood (Harvard)
|
1962
|
Robert S. Strichartz (Dartmouth)
|
1962
|
Joel H. Spencer (MIT)
|
1963
|
Lawrence A. Zalcman (Dartmouth)
|
1963
|
Lawrence J. Corwin (Harvard)
|
1963
|
Robert E. Greene (Michigan State)
|
1963
|
Stephen E. Crick, Jr. (Michigan State)
|
1963
|
Barry B. MacKichan (Harvard)
|
1964
|
Fred William Roush (UNC Chapel Hill)
|
1964
|
Roger E. Howe (Harvard)
|
1964
|
Rufus (Robert) Bowen (UC Berkeley)
|
1964, 1965
|
Vern Poythress (Caltech)
|
1964
|
Andreas R. Blass (Detroit)
|
1965
|
Barry Simon (Harvard)
|
1965
|
Daniel Fendel (Harvard)
|
1965
|
Lon M. Rosen (Toronto)
|
1965
|
Marshall W. Buck (Harvard)
|
1966
|
Robert E. Maas (Santa Clara)
|
1966
|
Robert S. Winternitz (MIT)
|
1966
|
Theodore C. Chang (MIT)
|
1966
|
Richard C. Schroeppel (MIT)
|
1966, 1967
|
David R. Haynor (Harvard)
|
1967
|
Dennis A. Hejhal (Chicago)
|
1967
|
Don B. Zagier (MIT)
|
1967
|
Peter L. Montgomery (UC Berkeley)
|
1967
|
Dean G. Huffman (Yale)
|
1968
|
Gerald S. Gras (MIT)
|
1968
|
Neal Koblitz (Harvard)
|
1968
|
Gerald A. Edgar (UC Santa Barbara)
|
1968, 1969
|
Don Coppersmith (MIT)
|
1968, 1969, 1970, 1971
|
Alan R. Beale (Rice)
|
1969
|
Steven K. Winkler (MIT)
|
1969, 1970
|
Robert A. Oliver (Chicago)
|
1969, 1970
|
Jeffrey Lagarias (MIT)
|
1970
|
Jockum Aniansson (Yale)
|
1970
|
Arthur Rubin (Purdue, Caltech)
|
1970, 1971, 1972, 1973
|
Dale Peterson (Yale)
|
1971
|
David Shucker (Swarthmore)
|
1971
|
Robert Israel (Chicago)
|
1971
|
Michael Yoder (Caltech)
|
1971, 1972
|
Arthur Rothstein (Reed)
|
1972
|
David Vogan (Chicago)
|
1972
|
Dean Hickerson (UC Davis)
|
1972
|
Ira Gessel (Harvard)
|
1972
|
Angelos J. Tsirimokos (Princeton)
|
1973
|
Matthew L. Ginsberg (Wesleyan)
|
1973
|
Peter G. De Buda (Toronto)
|
1973
|
David J. Anick (MIT)
|
1973, 1975
|
Grant M. Roberts (Waterloo)
|
1974
|
James B. Saxe (Union)
|
1974
|
Karl C. Rubin (Princeton)
|
1974
|
Philip N. Strenski (Armstrong State)
|
1974
|
Thomas G. Goodwillie (Harvard)
|
1974, 1975
|
Ernest S. Davis (MIT)
|
1975
|
Franklin T. Adams (Chicago)
|
1975
|
Christopher L. Henley (Caltech)
|
1975, 1976
|
David J. Wright (Cornell)
|
1976
|
Nathaniel S. Kuhn (Harvard)
|
1976
|
Paul M. Herdeg (Case Western Reserve)
|
1976
|
Philip I. Harrington (Washington U in StL)
|
1976
|
Steven T. Tschantz (UC Berkeley)
|
1976, 1978
|
Adam L. Stephanides (Chicago)
|
1977, 1981
|
Michael Roberts (MIT)
|
1977
|
Paul A. Vojta (Minnesota)
|
1977
|
Stephen W. Modzelewski (Harvard)
|
1977
|
Russell D. Lyons (Case Western Reserve)
|
1977, 1978
|
Mark R. Kleiman (Princeton)
|
1978
|
Peter W. Shor (Caltech)
|
1978
|
Randall L. Dougherty (UC Berkeley)
|
1978, 1979, 1980
|
Charles H. Walter (Princeton)
|
1979
|
Mark G. Pleszkoch (Virginia)
|
1979
|
Miller Puckette (MIT)
|
1979
|
Richard Mifflin (Rice)
|
1979
|
Daniel J. Goldstein (Chicago)
|
1980
|
Laurence E. Penn (Harvard)
|
1980
|
Michael Raship (Harvard)
|
1980
|
Eric D. Carlson (Michigan State)
|
1980, 1982, 1983
|
Robin A. Pemantle (UC Berkeley)
|
1981
|
Scott R. Fluhrer (Case Western Reserve)
|
1981
|
David W. Ash (Waterloo)
|
1981, 1982, 1983
|
Michael J. Larsen (Harvard)
|
1981, 1983
|
Brian R. Hunt (Maryland)
|
1982
|
Edward A. Shpiz (Washington U in StL)
|
1982
|
Noam D. Elkies (Columbia)
|
1982, 1983, 1984
|
Gregg N. Patruno (Princeton)
|
1983
|
Benji N. Fisher (Harvard)
|
1984
|
Daniel W. Johnson (Rose-Hulman Tech)
|
1984
|
Richard A. Stong (Washington U in StL)
|
1984
|
Michael Reid (Harvard)
|
1984, 1987
|
Everett W. Howe (Caltech)
|
1985
|
Keith A. Ramsay (Chicago)
|
1985
|
Martin V. Hildebrand (Williams)
|
1985
|
Douglas S. Jungreis (Harvard)
|
1985, 1986
|
Bjorn Poonen (Harvard)
|
1985, 1986, 1987, 1988
|
David I. Zuckerman (Harvard)
|
1986
|
Waldemar P. Horwat (MIT)
|
1986
|
David J. Grabiner (Princeton)
|
1986, 1987, 1988
|
David J. Moews (Harvard)
|
1986, 1987, 1988
|
Constantin S. Teleman (Harvard)
|
1987
|
John S. Tillinghast (UC Davis)
|
1987
|
Jeremy A. Kahn (Harvard)
|
1988
|
Ravi D. Vakil (Toronto)
|
1988, 1989, 1990, 1991
|
Andrew H. Kresch (Yale)
|
1989
|
Christos A. Athanasiadis (MIT)
|
1989
|
Colin M. Springer (Waterloo)
|
1989
|
Sihao Wu (Yale)
|
1989
|
William P. Cross (Caltech)
|
1989
|
Jordan Lampe (UC Berkeley)
|
1990
|
Raymond M. Sidney (Harvard)
|
1990
|
Eric K. Wepsic (Harvard)
|
1990, 1991
|
Jordan S. Ellenberg (Harvard)
|
1990, 1992
|
Joshua B. Fischman (Princeton)
|
1991
|
Xi Chen (Missouri–Rolla)
|
1991
|
Samuel A. Kutin (Harvard)
|
1991, 1992
|
Jeffrey M. Vanderkam (Duke)
|
1992
|
Serban M. Nacu (Harvard)
|
1992
|
Adam Logan (Princeton)
|
1992, 1993
|
Craig B. Gentry (Duke)
|
1993
|
Wei-Hwa Huang (Caltech)
|
1993
|
J. P. Grossman (Toronto)
|
1993, 1994, 1995
|
Kiran S. Kedlaya (Harvard)
|
1993, 1994, 1995
|
Lenhard L. Ng (Harvard)
|
1993, 1994, 1995
|
William R. Mann (Princeton)
|
1994
|
Jeremy L. Bem (Cornell)
|
1994, 1996
|
Sergey V. Levin (Harvard)
|
1995
|
Yevgeniy Dodis (NYU)
|
1995
|
Dragos N. Oprea (Harvard)
|
1996
|
Ioana Dumitriu (NYU)
|
1996
|
Robert D. Kleinberg (Cornell)
|
1996
|
Stephen S. Wang (Harvard)
|
1996
|
Daniel K. Schepler (Washington U in StL)
|
1996, 1997
|
Ovidiu Savin (Pittsburgh)
|
1997
|
Patrick K. Corn (Harvard)
|
1997
|
Samuel Grushevsky (Harvard)
|
1997
|
Mike Develin (Harvard)
|
1997, 1998
|
Ciprian Manolescu (Harvard)
|
1997, 1998, 2000
|
Ari M. Turner (Princeton)
|
1998
|
Nathan G. Curtis (Duke)
|
1998
|
Kevin D. Lacker (Duke)
|
1998, 2001
|
Christopher C. Mihelich (Harvard)
|
1999
|
Colin A. Percival (Simon Fraser)
|
1999
|
Davesh Maulik (Harvard)
|
1999
|
Derek I.E. Kisman (Waterloo)
|
1999
|
Sabin Cautis (Waterloo)
|
1999
|
Stewart Ellis (OSU)
|
1999
|
Abhinav Kumar (MIT)
|
1999, 2000
|
Pavlo Pylyavskyy (MIT)
|
2000
|
Alexander B. Schwartz (Harvard)
|
2000, 2002
|
Gabriel D. Carroll (UC Berkeley, Harvard)
|
2000, 2001, 2002, 2003
|
George Lee, Jr. (Harvard)
|
2001
|
Jan K. Siwanowicz (City College of NY)
|
2001
|
Reid W. Barton (MIT)
|
2001, 2002, 2003, 2004
|
Deniss Cebikins (MIT)
|
2002
|
Melanie E. Wood (Duke)
|
2002
|
Ralph C. Furmaniak (Waterloo)
|
2003
|
Ana Caraiani (Princeton)
|
2003, 2004
|
Daniel M. Kane (MIT)
|
2003, 2004, 2005, 2006
|
Vladimir V. Barzov (MIT)
|
2004
|
Aaron Pixton (Princeton)
|
2004, 2005, 2007
|
Oleg Golberg (MIT)
|
2005
|
Matthew M. Ince (MIT)
|
2005
|
Ricky I. Liu (Harvard)
|
2005
|
Tiankai Liu (Harvard)
|
2005, 2006
|
Hansheng Diao (MIT)
|
2006
|
Po-Ru Loh (Caltech)
|
2006
|
Yufei Zhao (MIT)
|
2006, 2008, 2009
|
Jason C. Bland (Caltech)
|
2007
|
Brian R. Lawrence (Caltech)
|
2007, 2008, 2010, 2011
|
Qingchun Ren (MIT)
|
2007, 2009
|
Xuancheng Shao (MIT)
|
2007
|
Arnav Tripathy (Harvard)
|
2007, 2008, 2009
|
Seok Hyeong Lee (Stanford)
|
2008, 2010, 2011
|
Bohua Zhan (MIT)
|
2008
|
William Johnson (U of Washington)
|
2009
|
Xiaosheng Mu (Yale)
|
2009, 2011
|
Yu Deng (MIT)
|
2010
|
Colin P. Sandon (MIT)
|
2010
|
Alex (Lin) Zhai (Harvard)
|
2010
|
Samuel S. Elder (Caltech)
|
2011
|
Evan O'Dorney (Harvard)
|
2011, 2012, 2013
|
Benjamin P. Gunby (MIT)
|
2012
|
Eric K. Larson (Harvard)
|
2012
|
Mitchell M. Lee (MIT)
|
2012, 2013
|
Zipei Nie (MIT)
|
2012, 2013, 2014
|
Bobby Shen (MIT)
|
2013, 2014
|
David Yang (MIT)
|
2013, 2014, 2015
|
Ravi Jagadeesan (Harvard)
|
2014
|
Mark Sellke (MIT)
|
2014
|
Lingfu Zhang (MIT)
|
2014
|
Pakawut Jiradilok (Harvard)
|
2015
|
Bumsoo Kim (Princeton)
|
2015
|
Gyujin Oh (Stanford)
|
2015
|
Daniel Spivak (Waterloo)
|
2015
|
Yunkun Zhou (MIT)
|
2015, 2016, 2017
|
Joshua D. Brakensiek (Carnegie Mellon)
|
2016
|
Dong Ryul Kim (Harvard)
|
2016
|
Thomas E. Swayze (Carnegie Mellon)
|
2016
|
Samuel Zbarsky (Carnegie Mellon)
|
2016
|
Ömer Cerrahoğlu (MIT)
|
2017
|
Jiyang Gao (MIT)
|
2017
|
Junyao Peng (MIT)
|
2017
|
Ashwin Sah (MIT)
|
2017
|
David Stoner (Harvard)
|
2017
|
伊丽莎白·洛厄尔·普特南奖获得者
自1992年以来, 伊丽莎白·洛厄尔·普特南奖颁发给一名得分较高的女参与者。粗体表示他们是會員的年份。
名字
|
学校
|
年份
|
Dana Pascovici
|
Dartmouth
|
1992
|
Ruth A. Britto-Pacumio
|
MIT
|
1994
|
Ioana Dumitriu
|
NYU
|
1995, 1996, 1997
|
Wai Ling Yee
|
Waterloo
|
1999
|
Melanie E. Wood
|
Duke
|
2001, 2002
|
Ana Caraiani
|
Princeton
|
2003, 2004
|
Alison B. Miller
|
Harvard
|
2005, 2006, 2007
|
Viktoriya Krakovna
|
Toronto
|
2008
|
Yinghui Wang
|
MIT
|
2010
|
Fei Song
|
Virginia
|
2011
|
Xiao Wu
|
Yale
|
2013
|
Danielle Wang
|
MIT
|
2015, 2018
|
Simona Diaconu
|
Princeton
|
2016
|
Ni Yan
|
UCLA
|
2017
|
Laura Pierson
|
Harvard
|
2019
|
Qi Qi
|
MIT
|
2019
|
Hanzhi Zheng
|
Stanford
|
2019
|
Dain Kim
|
MIT
|
2021
|
- ^ Putnam Competition Individual and Team Winners | Mathematical Association of America. www.maa.org. [2018-12-31]. (原始内容存档于2013-06-26).
|
|