大艦隊

Grand Fleet
大艦隊
大艦隊在福夫灣
存在時期1914–1919
國家或地區 英国
部門英國皇家海軍
種類艦隊
規模約160艘各式船艦
參與戰役日德蘭海戰
指挥官
1914–1916約翰·拉什沃思·傑利科
1916–1919戴维·贝蒂

大艦隊(英語:Grand Fleet)是英國皇家海軍第一次世界大戰前不久建立的一支主力艦隊,母港在斯卡帕灣奧克尼群島,為當時世界上最強大的一支艦隊,主要假想敵為德國海軍的「公海艦隊」。「大艦隊」成立於1914年8月,由「第一艦隊」與「本土艦隊」的「第二艦隊」之一部為基幹,加上三十多艘當時最先進的戰艦組成。第一次世界大戰期間,「大艦隊」在整場戰爭扮演舉足輕重的角色,維持著英國的海上霸權,存在期間先後共有兩任司令——約翰·傑利科大衛·貝蒂

德國海軍自知與英國海軍在數量上處於劣勢,故透過各種方式想要引出「大艦隊」的一部份,將其消滅以拉近實力差距,而第一任司令的傑利科自知其「大艦隊」的任務乃維持北海的海上優勢,故不冒險輕易出兵,最終,在1916年爆發了當時最大規模的戰艦決戰——「日德蘭海戰」,與德方設想不同,此次是「大艦隊」全部兵力傾巢而出,儘管戰鬥結果顯示德軍在船體設計與戰術有著優勢,但依舊沒有改變德國海軍被封鎖於北海的困境,德國依舊受到嚴密的海上封鎖。然而,由於傑利科的謹慎態度招致批評,使他不久後失去了大艦隊司令的職務,由戰鬥巡洋艦艦隊司令貝蒂繼任,但也未改以封鎖為主的策略。

1918年,「公海艦隊」的水手不願意在德國海軍的命令下前去與「大艦隊」決戰,引發蔓延到全國的反戰兵變,從而結束了戰爭。大艦隊後於1919年4月被解散,部份兵力併入新生的「大西洋艦隊」。

1914年,並行中的「大艦隊」第二戰艦分艦隊

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