古托布语

古托布语
Bodo Gadaba
ଗଦବା
母语国家和地区印度
区域奥里萨邦、安得拉邦
母语使用人数
1.5万-10人 （2008）[1]
語系
南亚语系
文字奥里亚文
語言代碼
ISO 639-3gbj
Glottologbodo1267[2]
ELPGutob

古托布语是印度奥里萨邦科拉普特县、安得拉邦维沙卡帕特南县一种蒙达语族语言。

系属分类

古托布语属于蒙达语族南蒙达语支，与雷莫语关系最密切。[3]

地理分布

古托布语分布在奥里萨邦南部和安得拉邦北部，尤其集中于奥里萨邦南部科拉普特县Lamptaput街道(Griffiths 2008:634)。近几个世纪以来，古托布语使用者也迁移到了安得拉邦平原地带和拉亚加达县，包括Majiguda镇附近圭语孔德人语区附近。

《民族语》报告的使用地如下。

现状

古托布语已是濒危语言，水电项目将古托布人从他们的村庄赶走，迫使他们作为少数民族生活在西南奥里亚语村庄促进了濒危。Anderson (2008)估计使用者人数是10人到1.5万，而科拉普特县的Asha Kiran协会则估计人数不到5千人。2011年人口普查可能将古托布语和奥拉里语算成了一种语言，但它们都被外人称为加达巴语。虽然已有过古托布语教育的尝试，但却发生了激烈的抵制，因为古托布人大都身处混合村，多数家长希望他们的孩子只学习西南奥里亚语。[4]

参考

  1. ^ Voß, Judith. Person markers in Gutob. Journal of South Asian Languages and Linguistics. 2015-01-01, 2 (2). ISSN 2196-0771. S2CID 151570154. doi:10.1515/jsall-2015-0011. 
  2. ^ Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin; Bank, Sebastian (编). Bodo Gadaba. Glottolog 2.7. Jena: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History. 2016. 
  3. ^ Ethnologue report on the Bodo Gadaba language. [2022-02-17]. （原始内容存档于2012-10-10）. 
  4. ^ "Literature development in minority language: Case study of Gutob–Gadaba Language Revitalization Project in India" （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） (in .pdf format)
  • Griffiths, Arlo. 2008. In Anderson, Gregory D.S (ed). The Munda languages, 633–681. Routledge Language Family Series 3.New York: Routledge. ISBN 0-415-32890-X.

Read other articles:

Judo pada Pekan Olahraga Nasional 2016 – 55 kg putra

Judo padaPekan Olahraga Nasional XIX Putra Putri   Kata     Kata   55 kg 45 kg 60 kg 48 kg 66 kg 52 kg 73 kg 57 kg 81 kg 63 kg 90 kg 70 kg 100 kg 78 kg +100 kg +78 kg Bebas Bebas Beregu Beregu Judo 55 kg putra pada Pekan Olahraga Nasional XIX dilaksanakan pada tanggal 17 september 2016 di GOR Saparua, Kompleks Olahraga Saparua, Kota Bandung, Jawa Barat.[1] Pertandingan judo menggunakan sistem gugur, dengan pejudo yang kalah dari salah satu semifinalis berhak ...

 

Холокост на Украине

Часть серии статей о Холокосте Идеология и политика Расовая гигиена · Расовый антисемитизм · Нацистская расовая политика · Нюрнбергские расовые законы Шоа Лагеря смерти Белжец · Дахау · Майданек · Малый Тростенец · Маутхаузен ·&...

 

نادي برشلونة لهوكي الجليد

يفتقر محتوى هذه المقالة إلى الاستشهاد بمصادر. فضلاً، ساهم في تطوير هذه المقالة من خلال إضافة مصادر موثوق بها. أي معلومات غير موثقة يمكن التشكيك بها وإزالتها. (ديسمبر 2019) نادي برشلونة لهوكي الجليد   الاسم الكامل نادي برشلونة لهوكي الجليد (FC Barcelona Hoquei) تأسس عام 1972  الملعب ب...

العلاقات الأردنية مع الاتحاد الأوروبي

يفتقر محتوى هذه المقالة إلى الاستشهاد بمصادر. فضلاً، ساهم في تطوير هذه المقالة من خلال إضافة مصادر موثوق بها. أي معلومات غير موثقة يمكن التشكيك بها وإزالتها. (ديسمبر 2018) العالاقت الأردنية-الأوروبية   الاتحاد الأوروبي   الأردن تعديل مصدري - تعديل   يعود تاريخ تأس�...

 

Anerood Jugnauth

Anerood Jugnauth Perdana Menteri Mauritius ke—2Masa jabatan17 Desember 2014 – 23 Januari 2017PresidenKailash PurryagMonique Ohsan Bellepeau (Penjabat)Ameenah Gurib PendahuluNavinchandra RamgoolamPenggantiPravind JugnauthMasa jabatan12 September 2000 – 7 Oktober 2003PresidenCassam UteemAngidi ChettiarAriranga PillayKarl Offmann PendahuluNavin RamgoolamPenggantiPaul BérengerMasa jabatan30 Juni 1982 – 15 Desember 1995Penguasa monarkiElizabeth II (1982–1992)P...

 

Tall Ships' Races

Tall Ships' Races Début d'une étape des Tall Ships' Races en 2017 (Turku, Finlande)Généralités Sport Nautisme Création 1953 Autre(s) nom(s) The Cutty Sark Tall Ships' Races Organisateur(s) Sail Training International Périodicité Annuelle Site(s) Europe Site web officiel www.sailtraininginternational.org modifier Début des Tall ships' Races en 2017 entre Turku (Finlande) et Klaipeda (Lituanie). Les Tall Ships' Races sont l'occasion de fetes maritimes dans les ports d'escale comme ici...

Wolfgang Helck

German Egyptologist (1914–1993) This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.Find sources: Wolfgang Helck – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (January 2016) (Learn how and when to remove this message) Hans Wolfgang Helck (16 September 1914 – 27 August 1993) was a German Egyptologist, considered one of the...

 

Avenue des Champs-Élysées

Pour les articles homonymes, voir Champs Élysées. 8e arrtAvenue desChamps-Élysées Avenue des Champs-Élysées vue de la place de la Concorde ; au fond, l'Arc de Triomphe. Situation Arrondissement 8e Quartier Champs-ÉlyséesFaubourg-du-Roule Début Place de la Concorde Fin Place Charles-de-Gaulle Morphologie Longueur 1 910 m Largeur 70 m Historique Création 1670 Dénomination 2 mars 1864 Ancien nom Grand-Coursallée du Rouleavenue de Neuilly Géocodification Vil...

 

كريستيان هانسن

  لمعانٍ أخرى، طالع كريستيان هانسن (توضيح). هذه المقالة يتيمة إذ تصل إليها مقالات أخرى قليلة جدًا. فضلًا، ساعد بإضافة وصلة إليها في مقالات متعلقة بها. (مارس 2019) كريستيان هانسن (بالدنماركية: Christian Hansen)‏    معلومات شخصية الميلاد 12 أغسطس 1963 (61 سنة)  أودنسه  مواطنة مم...

Chinese Taipei Volleyball Association

Taiwanese athletic organization Chinese Taipei Volleyball Association中華民國排球協會AbbreviationCTVBAFormation28 December 1954TypeSports associationHeadquartersZhongshan, Taipei, TaiwanWebsitewww.ctvba.org.tw (in Chinese) The Chinese Taipei Volleyball Association (CTVBA; Chinese: 中華民國排球協會) is the governing body of volleyball in Republic of China (Taiwan). See also Chinese Taipei men's national volleyball team Chinese Taipei women's national volleyball team Enterpr...

 

土库曼斯坦总统

土库曼斯坦总统土库曼斯坦国徽土库曼斯坦总统旗現任谢尔达尔·别尔德穆哈梅多夫自2022年3月19日官邸阿什哈巴德总统府（Oguzkhan Presidential Palace）機關所在地阿什哈巴德任命者直接选举任期7年，可连选连任首任萨帕尔穆拉特·尼亚佐夫设立1991年10月27日 土库曼斯坦土库曼斯坦政府与政治 国家政府 土库曼斯坦宪法 国旗 国徽 国歌 立法機關（英语：National Council of Turkmenistan） ...

 

國民陣線

国民阵线Barisan NasionalNational Frontباريسن ناسيونلபாரிசான் நேசனல்国民阵线标志简称国阵，BN主席阿末扎希总秘书赞比里署理主席莫哈末哈山总财政希山慕丁副主席魏家祥维纳斯瓦兰佐瑟古律创始人阿都拉萨成立1973年1月1日 (1973-01-01)[1]设立1974年7月1日 (1974-07-01)前身 联盟总部 马来西亚  吉隆坡 50480 秋傑区敦依斯迈路太子世贸中心（英�...

Turning Point 2

Turning Point 2SutradaraHerman YauProduserTommy LeungPemeranMichael TseFrancis NgChapman ToBosco WongKara HuiKate TsuiJanice ManPenata musikMak Chun HungSinematograferChan Kwong HungPenyuntingChung Wai ChiuPerusahaanproduksiShaw Brothers StudioTelevision Broadcasts LimitedDistributorIntercontinental Film Distributors (HK)Tanggal rilis29 Desember 2011 (2011-12-29)Durasi89 menitNegara Hong KongBahasaKantonis Turning Point 2 (Hanzi sederhana: Laughing Gor之潜罪犯; Hanzi tradis...

 

Brem

Indonesian traditional fermented food For the Soviet BREM series of armoured recovery vehicles, see Armoured recovery vehicle § Soviet Union/Russia. For other uses, see Brem (surname). BremSuling Mas brand Madiun bremPlace of originIndonesia  Media: Brem Eagle brand Balinese brem Brem is traditional fermented food or fermented beverage from Indonesia. There are two types of brem, brem cake (solid) that is usually eaten as snack from Madiun and Wonogiri,[1] and brem beve...

 

Muhammad Saleh Kamboh

Muhammad Saleh KambohPortrait of Muhammad Saleh Kamboh, 17th century, Metropolitan Museum of ArtBornMughal EmpireDiedc. 1675Lahore, Mughal Empire (now in Pakistan)EducationFluent in Arabic, Persian, UrduOccupationCourt chroniclerRelativesInayat Allah Kamboh (brother) Muhammad Saleh Kamboh Lahori was a noted Punjabi Muslim[1] calligraphist and official biographer of Emperor Shah Jahan and the teacher of Mughal Emperor Aurangzeb. Though a widely read person,[2] little is known ...

Cincin Neptunus

Cincin Neptunus terutama terdiri dari lima cincin utama dan pertama kali ditemukan (sebagai busur) pada tahun 1984 di Chili oleh Patrice Bouchet, Reinhold Hafner dan Jean Manfroid di La Silla Observatory (ESO) selama program diusulkan oleh André Brahic dan Bruno Sicardy dari Paris Observatory, dan pada Cerro Tololo Interamerican Observatory oleh F. Vilas dan L.-R. Elicer untuk program yang dipimpin oleh Williams Hubbard. Mereka akhirnya dicitrakan pada tahun 1989 oleh pesawat ruang angkasa ...

 

Wisconsin Territory

Territory of the US between 1836-1848 Territory of WisconsinOrganized incorporated territory of the United States1836–1848 Territorial seal Map of the Wisconsin Territory, 1836–1848CapitalMadison (1838–1848)Burlington (1837)Belmont (July–December 1836)Government • TypeOrganized incorporated territoryGovernor • 1836–1841 Henry Dodge• 1841–1844 James Duane Doty• 1844–1845 Nathaniel P. Tallmadge• 1845–1848 Henry Dodge• 1848 John...

 

Jews as the chosen people

Religious belief in a unique divine relationship This article uses texts from within a religion or faith system without referring to secondary sources that critically analyze them. Please help improve this article. (March 2024) (Learn how and when to remove this message) Part of a series onJews and Judaism Etymology Who is a Jew? Religion God in Judaism (names) Principles of faith Mitzvot (613) Halakha Shabbat Holidays Prayer Tzedakah Land of Israel Brit Bar and bat mitzva...

Musashizuka Station

Railway station in Kumamoto, Japan Musashizuka Station武蔵塚駅Musashizuka Station in 2014General informationLocationJapanCoordinates32°51′00″N 130°46′12″E / 32.85000°N 130.77000°E / 32.85000; 130.77000Operated by JR KyushuLine(s)■ Hōhi Main LineDistance12.9 km from KumamotoPlatforms2 side platformsTracks2ConstructionStructure typeAt gradeBicycle facilitiesBike shedOther informationStatusStaffed ticket window (Midori no Madoguchi)(outsourced)WebsiteOf...

 

List of Roanoke College alumni

Following is a list of notable alumni of Roanoke College. Art and architecture Rob Balder – cartoonist Joel Christian Gill – cartoonist and author of graphic novels Wyatt C. Hedrick – architect, engineer, and developer Business William W. Cates – vintner and co-founder of Tantara Winery John P. Fishwick – former president of Norfolk and Western Railway John McAfee – software entrepreneur; founder of McAfee John A. Mulheren – Wall Street trader and philanthropist; provided fundin...