占领莱茵兰

占领莱茵兰
位于埃伦布赖特施泰因要塞的法国士兵注视着德意志之角, 1929年
日期1918年12月1日—1930年6月30日 (1918-12-01 – 1930-06-30)
持续时间11年6个月4周又1天
地点德国，萊茵河左岸
坐标50°21′26.7″N 7°36′07.0″E / 50.357417°N 7.601944°E / 50.357417; 7.601944

1918年德国军队系统在一系列革命、哗变，以及大规模投降中崩溃之后，德国临时政府于同年接受了贡比涅停战协定。这标志着1918年12月1日至1930年6月30日协约国占领莱茵兰的开始。

这一协定包括各国军队对莱茵河左岸和四个“桥头堡”，即科隆、科布伦茨、美因茨周围半径30千米，凯尔周围半径10千米内区域的占领。同时，莱茵河左岸以及莱茵河以东50千米宽的带状区域被宣布为非军事区。凡尔塞和约重申了这些条款，但对外国军队的占领时长做出了最长15年（至1934年为止）的限制。

占领莱茵兰的目的一方面是为了让法国免受德国再次进攻，另一方面是为了保证德方履行赔偿义务。在通过扬计划解决了德国的赔款问题之后，对莱茵兰的占领于1930年6月30日提前结束。被占领的莱茵兰由盟军莱茵兰高级委员会（英语：Inter-Allied Rhineland High Commission）管辖，位于莱茵省的科布伦茨。

对莱茵兰以及萨尔地区的占领：
蓝色：法国，包括科布伦茨周围的前美国区
黄色：比利时
棕色：英国
斜线：鲁尔区，被法国和比利时占领
绿色：萨尔，在国际联盟的主持下被法国占领[1]直到1930年底，法国军队继续占领莱茵兰的德国领土，而法国继续控制较小的萨尔地区直到1935年。[2]

 

參考

  1. ^ Edmonds, J.E. (1987) [1943]. The Occupation of the Rhineland 1918–29. HMSO. ISBN 978-0-11-290454-0.
  2. ^ Emmanuel Pénicaut. L'armée française en Sarre, 1918-1930. Revue Historique des Armées. 15 March 2009, (254): 20–28 （法语）. 

Read other articles:

Aram Damsyik

Levant c. 830 SM Aram Damsyik atau Aram- Damaskus adalah sebuah negara Aram yang wilayahnya sekitar kota Damaskus di Suriah,[1] dari akhir abad ke-12 SM sampai tahun 732 SM. Sumber-sumber untuk negara ini berasal dari teks-teks yang dapat dibagi menjadi tiga kategori: sejarah Asyur, teks bahasa Aram, dan Alkitab Ibrani atau Perjanjian Lama di Alkitab Kristen. Porsi terbesar sumber-sumber tekstual datang dari Asyur. Namun, sering ada beberapa salinan dari naskah yang sama. Sebagian bes...

 

Melktert

MelktertMelktert yang sudah matangJenisTartSajianHidangan penutupTempat asalAfrika SelatanBahan utamaAdonan pastri, susu, tepung, gula, telurSunting kotak info • L • BBantuan penggunaan templat ini  Media: Melktert Melktert (/ˈmɛlktɛt/), bahasa Afrikaans dari tart susu, adalah hidangan penutup khas dari Afrika Selatan yang terdiri atas adonan pastri berisi krim yang terbuat dari susu, tepung, gula, dan telur. Rasio susu pada hidangan ini lebih banyak dari telur, yang...

 

RZA

American rapper and record producer (born 1969) For other uses, see Rza (disambiguation). RZARZA at the 2018 San Diego Comic-ConBornRobert Fitzgerald Diggs (1969-07-05) July 5, 1969 (age 54)New York City, U.S.OccupationsRapperactorfilmmakerrecord producerrecord executiveYears active1984–present[1][2]Spouses Eboni Mills ​ ​(m. 2000; div. 2006)​[3] Talani Rabb ​(m. 2009)​[3]C...

Pulau Ayer (Kabupaten Administrasi Kepulauan Seribu)

AyerNegaraIndonesiaGugus kepulauanKepulauan SeribuProvinsiDKI JakartaKabupatenKepulauan SeribuLuas- 10 km²Populasi- 1 orang Pulau Ayer merupakan salah satu pulau yang berada dalam gugusan Kepulauan Seribu. Secara administratif termasuk dalam wilayan kabupaten Kepulauan Seribu provinsi DKI Jakarta, Indonesia. Pulau Ayer dijuluki sebagai Mutiara Kepulauan. Luasnya kurang dari sepuluh hektare, letaknya berdekatan dengan Pantai Marina, Ancol. Daya tarik Pulau ini mulai dikunjungi sejak tahu...

 

Louis Agassiz Fuertes

United States ornithological artist (1874–1927) Louis Agassiz FuertesBornFebruary 7, 1874Ithaca, New York, USDiedAugust 22, 1927(1927-08-22) (aged 53)Railroad crossing near Unadilla, New York, USEducationCornell UniversityOccupation(s)Ornithologist, illustrator and artistKnown forPaintings of birdsSpouseMargaret F. SumnerChildren2ParentsEstevan Fuertes (father)Mary Stone Perry Fuertes (mother)RelativesElliott Coues (uncle), James Hillhouse Fuertes (brother) Louis Agassiz Fuertes (...

 

The Firm, Inc.

Artist and talent management company The Firm, Inc.Company typePrivateIndustryEntertainmentFounded1997Defunct2008HeadquartersSanta Monica, CaliforniaKey peopleJeff KwatinetzProductsFilm productionTelevision productionTalent management The Firm was a film and television production and talent management company based in Santa Monica, California. Established in 1997, it ceased operations in November 2008 and was relaunched by its founder, Jeff Kwatinetz, in August 2015. The Firm's divisions also...

Duc Xiao de Qin

Cet article est une ébauche concernant l’histoire et la Chine. Vous pouvez partager vos connaissances en l’améliorant (comment ?) selon les recommandations des projets correspondants. Duc Xiao de Qin Naissance 381 av. J.-C. Décès 338 av. J.-C. (à 44 ans) Nom de famille Ying (嬴) Prénom Quliang (渠梁) Dates 1er règne 361 av. J.-C. — 338 av. J.-C. Dynastie État de Qin Nom du temple 孝公 modifier  Xiao de Qin (chinois : 秦孝公) (né en 381 av. J.-C. et mort ...

 

Fußball-Club Bayern München II 2019-2020

Voce principale: Fußball-Club Bayern München II. Fußball-Club Bayern München IIStagione 2019-2020Sport calcio Squadra Bayern Monaco Allenatore Sebastian Hoeneß All. in seconda David Krecidlo Dirk Teschke 3. Liga1º posto Maggiori presenzeCampionato: Wriedt (33)Totale: Wriedt (33) Miglior marcatoreCampionato: Wriedt (24)Totale: Wriedt (24) StadioGrünwalder Stadion Maggior numero di spettatori3 811 vs. Kaiserslautern Minor numero di spettatori1 491 vs. Hallescher Media spe...

 

1864 en Bretagne

Cet article est une ébauche concernant la Bretagne et l’histoire. Vous pouvez partager vos connaissances en l’améliorant (comment ?) selon les recommandations des projets correspondants. Chronologies Données clés 1861 1862 1863  1864  1865 1866 1867Décennies :1830 1840 1850  1860  1870 1880 1890Siècles :XVIIe XVIIIe  XIXe  XXe XXIeMillénaires :-Ier Ier  IIe  IIIe Chronologies géographiques Afrique Afrique du Sud, Algéri...

Associazione Calcio Padova 1931-1932

Voce principale: Calcio Padova. Associazione Fascista Calcio PadovaStagione 1931-1932Sport calcio Squadra Padova Allenatore Lajos Kovács Presidente Ferruccio Hellmann Serie B2º (in serie A) Maggiori presenzeCampionato: Favero (34) Miglior marcatoreCampionato: Perazzolo (17) StadioStadio Silvio Appiani 1930-1931 1932-1933 Si invita a seguire il modello di voce Questa pagina raccoglie i dati riguardanti l'Associazione Fascista Calcio Padova nelle competizioni ufficiali della stagione 19...

 

Prima Categoria Lombardia 1963-1964

Prima Categoria 1963-1964 Competizione Prima Categoria Sport Calcio Edizione 5ª Organizzatore FIGC - LNDComitato Regionale Lombardo Luogo  Italia Cronologia della competizione 1962-1963 1964-1965 Manuale Voce principale: Prima Categoria 1963-1964. Il campionato di calcio di Prima Categoria 1963-1964 è stato il V livello del campionato italiano. A carattere regionale, fu il sesto campionato dilettantistico con questo nome dopo la riforma voluta da Zauli del 1958. Questi sono i gironi o...

 

Qun

Traditional Chinese skirts QunA style of Han Chinese qun, Qing dynasty, 19th century, from the collection of the Metropolitan Museum of ArtChinese nameChinese裙Literal meaningSkirtTranscriptionsStandard MandarinHanyu PinyinQúnYue: CantoneseJyutpingkwan4ChangChinese裳TranscriptionsEnglish nameEnglishApron Qun (Chinese: 裙; pinyin: qún; Jyutping: kwan4; lit. 'skirt'), referred as chang (Chinese: 裳; pinyin: cháng) prior to the Han dynasty,[1] chang (Ch...

Post–Turing machine

Abstract calculator This article has multiple issues. Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page. (Learn how and when to remove these template messages) This article is written like a manual or guide. Please help rewrite this article and remove advice or instruction. (August 2020) This article is written like a research paper or scientific journal. Please help improve the article by rewriting it in encyclopedic style and simplify overly technical phrases. (August 2020) (L...

 

1er-11e régiment de cuirassiers

Cet article est une ébauche concernant une unité ou formation militaire française. Vous pouvez partager vos connaissances en l’améliorant (comment ?) selon les recommandations des projets correspondants. 1er-11e Régiment de Cuirassiers Création 1999 Dissolution 27 juillet 2009 recréation du 4e Régiment de Dragons, par changement de dénominations du 1er-11e régiment de cuirassiers. Pays France Branche Armée de terre Type Régiment de Cuirassiers Rôle Cavalerie blindée Effe...

 

James Beveridge

For the American football player and coach, see James Beveridge (American football). James BeveridgeJames Beveridge c. 1950Born(1917-08-12)August 12, 1917Vancouver, British ColumbiaDiedFebruary 16, 1993(1993-02-16) (aged 75)Toronto, OntarioNationalityCanadianAlma materUniversity of British ColumbiaOccupation(s)Filmmaker, TeacherKnown forFilmmaking, WritingSpouses Jane Marsh Beveridge (1945) Margaret Coventry (1954- death) James Beveridge (1917–1993) was a Canadian filmmaker, ...

Narain Karthikeyan

Narain KarthikeyanKarthikeyan pada tahun 2007.Kebangsaan IndiaLahirKumar Ram Narain Karthikeyan14 Januari 1977 (umur 47)Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, IndiaTahun aktif1992 – sekarangPenghargaan2010 NASCAR Camping World Truck Series Most Popular DriverNarain KarthikeyanKarier Kejuaraan Dunia Formula SatuTahun aktif2005, 2011–2012TimJordan, HRTJumlah lomba48 (46 starts)Juara Dunia0Menang0Podium0Total poin5Posisi pole0Lap tercepat0Lomba pertamaGrand Prix Australia 2005Lomba terakhirGrand Prix ...

 

Abraham Lincoln Bridge

Cable-stayed bridge carrying northbound I-65 across the Ohio River at Louisville Abraham Lincoln BridgeThe Abraham Lincoln Bridge viewed fromthe Big Four Bridge, with the parallel John F. Kennedy Memorial Bridge in the backgroundCoordinates38°15′52″N 85°44′37″W / 38.26444°N 85.74361°W / 38.26444; -85.74361Carries6 lanes of northbound I-65CrossesOhio RiverLocaleLouisville, Kentucky and Jeffersonville, IndianaMaintained byKentucky Transportation Cabinet[1...

 

St John's Church, Torquay

Church in Torquay, EnglandSt John's Church, TorquaySt John's Church, TorquaySt John's Church, TorquayLocation within Devon50°27′47″N 3°31′28″W / 50.46306°N 3.52444°W / 50.46306; -3.52444LocationTorquayCountryEnglandDenominationChurch of EnglandHistoryDedicationSaint John the ApostleArchitectureHeritage designationGrade I listed[1]Designated20 November 1952Architect(s)George Edmund StreetSpecificationsLength129 feet (39 m)Width52 feet (16 ...

United States congressional delegations from Michigan

Michigan's congressional districts since January 3, 2023. These are tables of congressional delegations from Michigan to the United States House of Representatives and the United States Senate. The current dean of the Michigan congressional delegation is Senator Debbie Stabenow (D), having served in Congress since 1997. U.S. House of Representatives Main article: List of United States representatives from Michigan Current members List of members of the United States House delegation from Mic...

 

Orthodox Presbyterian Church

Confessional Presbyterian denomination located primarily in the United States Presbyterian Church of America redirects here. For other entities with similar names, see American Presbyterian Church. Orthodox Presbyterian ChurchAbbreviationOPCClassificationEvangelical ProtestantOrientationOrthodoxTheologyReformedPolityPresbyterianModeratorDavid Nakhla[1]AssociationsNorth American Presbyterian and Reformed Council, International Conference of Reformed ChurchesRegionNorth AmericaHeadquart...