十戒，佛教術語，十種基本尸羅，是出家眾的基本戒律，沙弥與沙弥尼所必须遵守的戒律。在北傳佛教中，受菩薩戒時亦須受持，在家眾受持的十善戒也可簡稱爲十戒。
十戒之前五項戒與五戒（不殺生、不偷盜、不邪淫、不妄語、不飲酒）大致相同，而其中不邪淫提升为不淫（没有任何性行为）。
戒條上來說，十戒與八關齋戒僅差在捉金銀戒。是以八關齋戒亦稱「近住戒」，為在家人近阿羅漢而住（近清淨僧侶而住），戒律上亦近於沙彌、沙彌尼十戒。
然而在家人之八關齋戒受持僅一日一夜，隔日清晨戒體即自動捨去；在未捨戒的情形下，十戒為出家僧人盡形壽受持（一生持守）。
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