Tiếng Hadza

Tiếng Hadza
Hazane
Sử dụng tạiTanzania
Khu vựcVùng Singida, phía đông nam hồ Eyasi; vùng Manyara, huyện Iramba và Mbulu; Shinyanga, huyện Masawa.
Tổng số người nói1.000+ (2012)
Dân tộc1.200–1.300 Hazabee (thống kê 2012)[1]
Phân loạiNgôn ngữ tách biệt
Mã ngôn ngữ
ISO 639-3hts
Glottologhadz1240[2]
Phân bố của tiếng Hadza (xám đen) ở Tanzania
ELPHadza
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Tiếng Hadza là một ngôn ngữ tách biệt, nói dọc bờ hồ Eyasi ở Tanzania, là ngôn ngữ của chừng 1.000 người Hadza (dân tộc săn bắt-hái lượm thuần tuý cuối cùng của châu Phi). Dù có số người nói nhỏ, đây vẫn là ngôn ngữ thường ngày và vẫn là bản ngữ của lớp trẻ. Vào cuối thế kỷ XX, tiếng Hadza được xếp vào nhóm Khoisan, chủ yếu dựa trên sự hiện diện của phụ âm click; song cách phân loại này không còn được chấp nhận nữa.

Nguồn tham khảo

  1. ^ Thea Skaanes (2015) "Notes on Hadza cosmology: Epeme, objects and rituals", Hunter Gatherer Research 1, 2: 247–267.
  2. ^ Nordhoff, Sebastian; Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin biên tập (2013). “Hadza”. Glottolog. Leipzig: Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology.

Tài liệu

  • Edward Elderkin (1978) 'Loans in Hadza: internal evidence from consonants'. Occasional Papers 3, Dar es Salaam.
  • Kirk Miller (2008) Hadza Grammar Notes. 3rd International Symposium on Khoisan Languages and Linguistics, Riezlern.
  • ———— (2009) Highlights of Hadza fieldwork. LSA, San Francisco.
  • Kirk Miller, ed., with Mariamu Anyawire, G.G. Bala, & Bonny Sands (2013) A Hadza Lexicon (ms).
  • Bonny Sands (1998) 'The Linguistic Relationship between Hadza and Khoisan'. In Schladt, Matthias (ed.) Language, Identity, and Conceptualization among the Khoisan (Quellen zur Khoisan-Forschung Vol. 15), Köln: Rüdiger Köppe, 265–283.
  • ———— (2013) 'Phonetics and phonology: Hadza', 'Tonology: Hadza', 'Morphology: Hadza', 'Syntax: Hadza'. In Rainer Vossen, ed., The Khoesan Languages. Oxford: Routledge.
  • Bonny Sands, Ian Maddieson, Peter Ladefoged (1993) The Phonetic Structures of Hadza.[liên kết hỏng] UCLA Working Papers in Phonetics No. 84: Fieldwork Studies in Targeted Languages.
  • A.N. Tucker, M.A. Bryan, and James Woodburn as co-author for Hadza (1977) 'The East African Click Languages: A Phonetic Comparison'. In J.G. Moehlig, Franz Rottland, Bernd Heine, eds, Zur Sprachgeschichte und Ethnohistorie in Afrika. Berlin: Dietrich Diener Verlag.

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