Yevripid
Yevripid, Evripid (Euripides), (taxminan mil. av. 480, Afina — mil. av. 406, Makedoniya) — yunon shoiri, dramaturg . Ijodini sheʼriyatdan boshlagan. Afinalik uch bukj fojianavis (Esxil, Sofokl)ning soʻnggisi. Jami 92 pyesa yozgan, shundan 17 fojia va bir hajviy dramasi bizgacha yetib kelgan ("Kiklop"). Ular mifologik syujet asosida yaratilgan boʻlsada, inson shaxsi asosiy oʻrinda turadi. Ye. ijodi Afina davlat-shahar sifatida tanazzulga uchragan va axloqiy meʼyorlar inqirozi yuz bergan yillarda shakllangan boʻlib, mifologiya, axloqiy va anʼanaviy tartiblarga tanqidiy munosabati bilan ajralib turadi. U dramatik voqealar tasvirida koʻpincha falsafiy munozara yoki sud muzokaralari ohan-giga xos mulohaza yuritganki, bunda oʻta ratsionalizm ruhiy holatlarning chuqur tasviri bilan qoʻshilib ketadi ("Vakxanka", "Gerakl"). Ye. dramaturgiyasining obyektiv mazmuni Afina demokratiyasi dunyokarashi anʼanalariga keskin ziddir. Afinada oʻsha davrda yuz bergan ijtimoiy oʻzgarishlar Ye.ning inson shaxsiyati, uning ichki dunyosiga qiziqishi kuchayishiga olib keldi. Ye. asarlarida maishiy unsurlar tasviriga zoʻr berish, kishilarning shaxsiy takdiriga qiziqish kabi antik fojiaga xos boʻlmagan xususiyatlar mavjud ("Medeya", "Ippolit"). Ye. ijodi Yevropa dramaturgiyasiga samarali taʼsir koʻrsatgan.[1]
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