Torban
Torban — ukrain xalq torli cholgʻu asbobi (30-40 torli), lyutnyalar oilasidan, teorba va bandura bilan turdosh boʻlib, bogʻlama pardalari bilan undan ajralib turadi.
Tavsifi
Tashqi tomondan torban nemischa teorbo va angelikaga juda oʻxshaydi, lekin banduradagi kabi korpusida torlari koʻproq. Biror balandlikdagi tovushni chiqarish uchun torbanchi torni pardaga bosib taranglashtiradi va qisqartirilmaydigan torlarni paypaslab ovoz tanlaydi.
Tarixi
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Torban XVII-asrning birinchi yarmidan XX-asr boshlariga qadar Polsha, Ukraina va keyinroq Rossiyada tarqaldi. Torbanni Yasnaya Gora Tuliglovskiylik polyak monaxi Paulin ixtiro qilgan, ammo u asosan Ukrainada keng tarqalgan.
Torban yasash qimmatga tushgan, murakkab chalish texnikasini talab qilgan va faqat zodagonlar salonlari, kazak oqsoqollarida boʻlgan, ammo torban chaluvchilarning aksariyati past tabaqadan edi. Koʻpincha „Pan Bandurasi“ deb ataladigan ushbu cholgʻuning yetarli darajada yoʻqsilbop emasligi XX-asrning boshlarida turmushdan olib tashlanishining asosiy sababi boʻlishi mumkin.
Adabiyotlar
- Ukraina tadqiqotlari entsiklopediyasi
- http://torban.org Torban tarixi (ing.)
Manbalar
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