Shabiston
Shabiston yoki(forscha: شبستان ; Qadimgi forscha shabistana) - yer osti makonini odatda qadimgi Erondagi masjidlar, uylar va maktablarning an'anaviy me'morchiligida uchratish mumkin.
Ushbu bo'shliqli inshoot odatda yozda ishlatiladi va shamol oqimini uzatish va yondosh binoni sovutish vazifasini bajaradi.
Sosoniylar saltanati va undan keyingi islom davrlarida “ shabiston ” deganda shohlarning kanizaklari istiqomat qiladigan ichki ziyoratgohlari ham nazarda tutilgan. Keyinchalik bu tuzilmalar زنانه (haram) deb atala boshlandi. Undan tashqari (ayollar turar joyi), اندرونی andaruniy (ichki xususiy zona) va حرم haram(arabcha haram) soʻzlari bilan atalgan.[1] Shabiston soʻzi qorongʻu tun maʼnosini ham anglatadi.
Sovutish
Shabistonni shamol tutqichi bilan birgalikda yordamchi binoni sovutish mumkin. Shamol tutqichi - uyning tepasida joylashgan boʻlib o'xshash shamolni pastkga tomon tortadi va shamol yo'nalishiga qarama-qarshi bo'lgan to'rtta teshiklaridan biri havoni uydan tashqariga chiqarish uchun ochiladi. Kiruvchi havo uy ostidagi qanotdan olinadi. Vertikal mil teshigi bo'ylab havo oqimi pastroq bosim hosil qiladi (Bernulli effektiga qarang) va uyning ostidagi tunnelidan sovuq havoni tortib oladi. Tuynukdan havo tunnelga ma'lum masofadan tortilgan va tunnelning sovuq devorlari/suv bilan aloqa qilish orqali ham, suv havo oqimiga bug'langanda bug'lanishning yashirin issiqligidan voz kechish orqali sovutiladi. Quruq cho'l iqlimida bu 15 C°dan ortiq bo'lishi mumkin (27F°), tuynukdan keladigan havo haroratining pasayishi shu yoʻsinda boʻladi. Shamol ushlagichlar va sovutish tuynuklari 1000-yildan ortiq cho'l iqlimida qo'llanilgan.[2]
Yana qarang
- Eron arxitekturasi
Galareya
-
Isfahan Jome masjidi -
shamollatuvchi Shabistan -
Shabistan ayvoni
Manbalar
- ↑ Dehkhoda Persian Dictionary
- ↑ Bahadori MN (February 1978). „Passive Cooling Systems in Iranian Architecture“. Scientific American. 238-jild, № 2. 144–54-bet. doi:10.1038/scientificamerican0278-144.
Havolalar
- Books Google[sayt ishlamaydi]
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