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Komponium

Componium ― bu berilgan bir mavzu boʻyicha variatsiyalar yaratish va ijro etish qobiliyatiga ega mexanik musiqa asbobidir. Orkestrning bir turi[1]. 1821-yilda gollandiyalik mexanik Ditrix Nikolaus Vinkel (1773, Lippstadt, Germaniya — 1826, Amsterdam, Gollandiya) tomonidan yasalgan. Bu ikki silindrli avtomatik organdir. Silindrlar bir vaqtning oʻzida aylana oladi. Ularning har biri oʻz navbatida tasodifiy tanlangan musiqaning ikkita taktini chaladi yoki hech narsa chalmaydi va keyingi variatsiyani tanlash uchun oʻq boʻylab gorizontal harakatlanadi. Keyingi variatsiya tanlanishini ruletkaga oʻxshash gʻildirak belgilaydi. Soz 80 taktli musiqa asarini chalishga qodir, har ikki takt uchun sakkiz xil variatsiya mavjud.

Shunday qilib, komponiumning imkoniyatlari uning silindrlarida kodlangan musiqadan olinishi mumkin boʻlgan yangi kombinatsiyalar soni bilan cheklangan.

Ushbu soz Yohann Nepomuk Melzel pangarmonikada amalga oshirgan baʼzi gʻoyalarni nusxalashi mumkin, ammo ularga musiqa yaratishning aleatorik usuli qoʻshiladi, deb hisoblanadi.

Komponium hozir ancha yomon holatda Bryussel musiqiy asboblar muzeyi kolleksiyasida saqlanadi.

Manbalar

  1. ↑ БРЭ 2014.

Adabiyot

  • Orkestrion // Katta Rossiya ensiklopediyasi. 24-jild. — M., 2014. — S. 421.
  • Ord-Hume, W. J. G.. Barrel Organ. George Allen & Unwin, 1978. ISBN 0-04-789005-3.  (komponium tasviri mavjud).
  • Chapuis, Alfred. The History of the Musical Box and of Mechanical Music. Music Box Society, Intl., 1955. ISBN 0915000016. 

Diskografiya

  • Nomaʼlum ohang. 1967 yoki 1969-yillarda yozilgan. Dastlab LP yozuvida nashr etilgan Opname uit de verzamelingen van het Instrumentenmuseum te Brussel/Registrements de la collection du Musée instrumental de Bruxelles ([Bryussel? ] : Nationale Diskoteek van België, [1972? ]. DNB 30.007), u R. Bragard va Ferdning " Les instruments de musique dans l’art et l’histoire " kitobiga hamroh boʻladi. J. de Xen (Bryuksel, 1973); CD yozuvida qayta nashr etilgan Instruments insolites/Muzikale meesterstukken/Gʻayrioddiy tovushlar (Bryuksel: Musée des instruments de musique (mim), ©2013. mim MIM015)

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