Kolonna

Kolonna (frans. colonne, lotincha columna — toʻgʻri) — bino tomini koʻtarib turishga xizmat qiladigan, koʻndalang kesimi aylana shaqldagi bino qurilmasi, meʼmoriy orderlarning ishlov berilgan tik tayanch qismi, ustun. Baʼzan ravoq va gumbazlarga tirgovich vazifasini oʻtaydi. K.lar kursi, tana va kallakdan iborat boʻlib, gʻisht, beton, temir-beton, metall, yogʻochdan yasaladi. K.ning balandligi va diametri inshootning hajmiga muvofiqligi bilan belgilanadi. Asrlar davomida shaklan oʻzgarib borib, yuksak badiiy koʻrinishga ega boʻlgan (qarang Meʼmorlik orderlari). Ustiga haykalcha (turli shaqldagi) oʻrnatilgan yakka K.lar (qarang Troyan ustuni), bir yoki bir necha qator qoʻyilgan kolonnadapar ham uchraydi. Zamonaviy binolarda metall va betondan ishlangan K.lar keng qoʻllanilmoqsa. [1]

Manbalar

  1. OʻzME. Birinchi jild. Toshkent, 2000-yil




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