Dyuym
Dyuym (niderlandcha: duim — bosh barmoq soʻzidan) — ayrim metrik boʻlmagan Yevropa oʻlchov tizimlarida masofani oʻlchash birligi. Odatda tegishli mamlakat futining 1/12 yoki 1/10 ("oʻnlik dyuym") qismiga teng. Bugungi kunda dyuym nomi ostida 2,54 smga teng ingliz dyuymi tushuniladi.
Dyuym (gollandcha duim — bosh barmoq) — 1) ingliz oʻlchovlar birligi da ulushiy uzunlik birligi. 1D.= 1/12 fut = 0,0254 m. 2) metrik birliklar tizimi qabul qilingunga qadar rus uzunlik birligi. 1 D.= 1/12 fut = 2,54 sm.[1]
Turli xil dyuymlar
Vena dyuymi = 2,63402 sm.
Ingliz dyuymi yoki imperiya dyuymi (lotincha: unciadan inglizcha: inch — 1/12 qism) 1958-yildan boshlab к 2,54 smga tenglashtiriladi. Avval metrik tizimga boshqacha oʻtkazilar edi:
- 1819 — 1000000/393694 sm ≈ 2,5400438 sm;
- 1895 — 2,5399978 sm;
- 1922 — 2,5399956 sm;
- 1932 — 2,5399950 sm;
- 1947 — 2,5399931 sm.
Ingliz oʻlchov tizimida 1 dyuym = 12 chiziq = 72 nuqta = 1/12 fut = 1/36 yard.
- Bavariya: 2,43216 sm yoki 2,918592 sm ("oʻnlik dyuym").
- Baden: 3 sm (1810).
- Prussiya: 2,61545 sm (1755), 3,76625 sm ("oʻnlik dyuym", 1816).
- Reyn ittifoqi: 2,61541 sm.
- Saksoniya: 2,36 sm.
1 pulgada = 2,32166 sm.
Fransuz dyuymi ishlatilar edi, ammo 1985-yildan oʻlchami oʻzgartirilgan: 2,707005 sm.
1 tsun = 1/30 m ≈ 3,3333 sm.
1 pulgada = 2,3278 sm.
Reyn dyuymlari bilan bir qatorda quyidagilar qoʻllanardi:
- kurlyand dyuymi ≈ 3,36 sm;
- riga dyuymi ≈ 2,24 sm;
- revel dyuymi ≈ 2,6715 sm.
- staropol yoki qirollik dyuymi (1819-yilgacha) ≈ 2,48 sm;
- novopol dyuymi (1819—1849) = 2,4 sm;
- vraslav (breslav, silez) dyuymi = 2,742 sm;
- eski litva dyuymi ≈ 2,7076 sm.
1 pulgada ≈ 2,547 sm.
Birlashgan Qirollikdagi kabi 1958-yildan Amerika dyuymi 2,54 smga tenglashtiriladi. Avval (1866-yildan) 2,540000508 smga teng edi (yanada aniqroq, 10000/3937 sm); ayrim hollarda bu eski belgilanish geodezik dyuym nomi ostida ishlatiladi.
Fransiya dyuymi (fransuzcha: pouce — bosh barmoq), boshqa nomlari Parij dyuymi va qirol dyuymi, 75000/27706 smga teng edi, ya'ni tahminan 2,706995 sm. Eski Parij oʻlchovlar tizimida 1 dyuym = 12 chiziq = 144 nuqta = 1/12 fut = 72/3161 lokot.
1 sun = 1/33 m ≈ 3,0303 sm.
Manbalar
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Ingliz oʻlchov tizimida masofa oʻlchovi birliklari |
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Mil | Nuqta | Chiziq | Dyuym | Hend | Link | Fut | Yard | Rod | Cheyn | Furlong | Milya | Liga |
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