Bombarda
Bombarda (italyancha: bombarda, lotincha: bombus — baland tovush, lotincha: ardere — kuyish) — fagotning ajdodi boʻlib, yogʻoch tillar oilasiga mansub boʻlgan katta bas musiqa asbobi hisoblanadi. Anʼanaviy breton musiqasini ijro etishda keng qoʻllanadi. U 7-9 oʻyin teshiklari va voronka shaklidagi trubaga ega boʻlgan tekis koniksimon shaklga ega. Tovushi — diatonik, tembri — qoʻpol, ifodasiz.
Asosiy xususiyatlari
Asbob uchta yigʻma qismlardan iborat:
- Ikkitalik tayoq — tovush manbai; qamishdan yasalgan.
- Val yoki qobiq — biroz tor boʻlgan, old tomonida oʻyin teshiklari va klapanlar mavjud. Qattiq yogʻochdan tayyorlanadi: samshit, nok, pushti yoki qora daraxt.
- Karnay
Uning tovush diapazoni ikki oktava va kichik uchdan bir qismi bilan cheklangan. Ovoz juda xarakterli va kuchli boʻladi (qobiq oʻqi boʻylab bir metr masofada 100 dB dan ortiq).
Turlari
Soprano
Soprano-bombardalari si-bemol deb atalgan ikki kalitli (lya va lya-bemol) tonal modellaridir. Bu hozirgi kunda keng tarqalgan bombard turi hisoblanadi.
Alt
Re yoki mi-bemolda. Oxirgisi breton ansambllarida qoʻllaniladiinglizcha: Bagad.
Tenor
Ovozi sopranoga qaraganda oktavadan past- si-bemol. Ushbu tur faqatgina inglizcha: Bagad da qoʻllanadi.[1]
Manbalar
- ↑ Koch, John T. and Minard, Antone (2012). The Celts: History, Life, and Culture, p.98. ABC-CLIO. ISBN 9781598849646.
Havolalar
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