Хліба та видовищ

Ювенал

Хлі́ба та видо́вищ (лат. panem et circenses) — вираз, вжитий Ювеналом у його Х сатирі для опису сучасних йому прагнень римського народу, протиставляючи ці прагнення героїчному минулому:

Текст
Латиною Українською

iam pridem, ex quo suffragia nulli
uendimus, effudit curas; nam qui dabat olim
imperium, fasces, legiones, omnia, nunc se,
continet atque duas tantum res anxius optat,
panem et circenses. …

Цей народ вже давно, відколи свої голоси продали,
Про всю службу забув; і імперію, що колись
Усе роздавала, легіони, і владу, і лікторів зв'язки,
Заціпенілий тепер і про двоє речей лиш стурбовано мріє:
Хліба та видовищ! …

Вираз вживали для опису політики державних діячів, які, підкуповуючи плебеїв роздачами грошей і продуктів, а також цирковими виставами, захоплювали і утримували владу в стародавньому Римі. Практика субсидування цін на продукти була введена «хлібним законом» ще в 123 році до н. е.

Вираз також вживають для негативного опису підкупу виборців та популізму у сучасній політиці.

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