Азойне середовище

Азойне середовище (від а … (заперечуючий префікс) і грец. zoon — тварина) — середовище, зовсім позбавлене живих організмів (кратери вулканів, гіпергалінні води тощо).

Протягом усієї геологічної історії Землі ніколи не спостерігалися азойні геологічні епохи (тобто позбавлені життя). Отже, сучасна жива речовина генетично пов'язана з живою речовиною минулих геологічних епох.

Щодо азойної зони у Чорному морі

Апріорна переконаність у непридатності сірководневої області Чорного моря для життя аеробіонтів (в бенталі вона починається з глибин 200–250 м і її називають «азойною», тобто «млявою» зоною[1] довгий час не сприяла пошуку тут інших організмів, крім облігатних анаеробів. Знахідки в донних пробах останків, навіть добре збережених решток, організмів характерних для кисневого шару моря, не дозволяють c упевненістю стверджувати, що вони перебували в живому стані in situ.

Лише недавнє виявлення на максимальних глибинах чорноморської бенталі аеробних мікроорганізмів і сплячих стадій аеробних видів водоростей і грибів (з отриманням в лабораторії їх живих культур) з верхніх шарів пелагіалі[2] переконливо довело помилковість панував уявлення про «безживність» чорноморських глибин. Отримані нові факти дали підстави говорити про біорізноманіття аеробіонтов у цій великій і вельми специфічній області Чорного моря[3].

Див. також

Примітки

  1. ↑ Băcescu M.C., Müller G. I., Gomoiu M.-T. Ecologie Marină. Cercetări de Ecologie în Marea Neagră. 1971, Bucureşti: Edit. Acad. Rep. Soc. România.- 357 p.
  2. ↑ Зайцев Ю. П., Поликарпов Г. Г., Егоров В. Н. и др. Средоточие останков оксибионтов и банк живых спор высших грибов и диатомовых в донных отложениях сероводородной батиали Черного моря // Доп. НАН України.- 2007.- № 7.- С.159-164.
  3. ↑ Зайцев Ю. П., Поликарпов Г. Г., Егоров В. Н. и др. Биологическое разнообразие оксибионтов (в виде жизнеспособных спор) и анаэробов в донных осадках сероводородной батиали Черного моря // Доп. НАН України.- 2008.- № 5.- С.168-173.

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