Правителі Тоскани

Правителі Тоскани, якими спочатку були маркграфи, пізніше представники найзнатніших і найвпливовіших сімей області, великі герцоги.

Титул Великого князя (герцога) Тосканського було створено 27 серпня 1569 року Папською буллою Папи Пія V для Козімо I де Медічі. Його коронація відбулася в Римі 5 березня 1570 року руками самого Папи.

Династія Медічі правила Флорентійською республікою, попередницею Великого князівства Тосканського з 1434 року, спочатку як князі Флоренції, а потім як герцоги. Титул Великого князя був фактично другим титулом наданим Папою сім’ї Медічі, першим був титул князя Флорентійської Республіки (Duca della Repubblica Fiorentina), заснований Папою Климентом VII 1532 року.

Офіційною резиденцією Великих князів був Палаццо Пітті у Флоренції, куплений Медічі 1549 року.

З 1737 по 1801 р. Великими князями Тоскани були представники Габсбурзько-Лотаринзької династії. У 1801-1807 роках Бурбони-Пармські, за підтримки Наполеона правили королівством Етрурії, що було створене замість Великого князівства Тоскани. У 1807-1814 р. фактично була анексована Францією, а сестра Наполеона Еліза Бонапарт отримала титул Великої княгині Тосканської.

У 1814–1860 рр. Великими князям Тоскани були представники династії Габсбурги-Лотаринзькі. Леопольдо II був вигнаний з Тоскани революцією з 21 лютого по 12 квітня 1849 р., а потім знову 27 квітня 1859 р. 21 липня 1859 р. він зрікся престолу на користь свого сина Фердинандо IV, але той був скинутий тимчасовим урядом 16 серпня 1859 р. А 22 березня 1860 року Тоскана була анексована П'ємонтом-Сардинією.


Тосканська марка (маркграфи)

Боніфації

За походженням графи Лукки.

Арльський дім

За походженням родичі (переважно незаконні) Гуго Арльського, короля Італії. Перших маркграфів Гуго призначив, змістивши представника початкової династії.

Інші

Дім Каносси

За походженням графи Каноські.

Великі князі Тосканські

Претенденти

Джерела

  • Hagen Keller, La Marca di Tuscia fino all'anno mille, 5. congresso internazionale di studi sull'alto medioevo, 1973.
  • Diaz, Furio. Storia d'Italia. Il Granducato di Toscana. I Medici, ISBN 8802024510

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