Yüzen rüzgâr türbini

Dünyanın ilk büyük ölçekli yüzen rüzgâr türbini, Hywind, (Kuzey Deniz) açıkları, Norveç, Stavanger, Åmøy Fjord)

Yüzen rüzgâr türbini, türbin kulesinin deniz dibine temel ile sabitlenmesinin mümkün olmadığı derinliklerinde, yüzen bir yapıya monte edilen denizdeki rüzgâr türbinidir. Rüzgâr akışını bozan yersel (topoğrafya) özellikler su yüzeyinde olmadığından dolayı rüzgâr, denizde daha güçlü ve daha sabit olabilir. Üretilen elektrik su altı kabloları ile karaya gönderilir. Enerji üretim oranı denizde daha fazla olduğundan dolayı, ilk büyük yüzen türbinlerin maliyeti, dibe sabitlenmiş sahildeki rüzgâr türbinleriyle rekabet içindedir. Rüzgâr esişi karaya nazaran daha stabil ve devamlıdır. Denizüstü rüzgâr tarlalarının konumu, eğer türbinler denizin 19 km'den daha fazla açıklarında yapılırlarsa, balıkçılık, gemi geçişleri ve sahil yerleşiminin artmasına katkıda bulunurlar ve görüntü kirliliğini azaltır.

Tarihçe

"Denizdeki büyük ölçekli yüzen rüzgâr türbinleri" kavramı ilk olarak 1972'de Massachusetts Üniversitesindeki Profesör William E. Heronemus tarafından kullanıldı. 1990'ların ortalarıyla beraber ticari rüzgâr endüstrisinin iyice yaygınlaştı ve fikir ana akım araştırmacıların tekrar gündemine oturdu. 2003'e gelindiğinde mevcut dibe sabitlenmiş denizüstü rüzgâr türbini teknolojisi 30 metre derinlikle sınırlı kalmıştı.

Kaynakça

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