Sertleşme

Makale serilerinden
İnsan cinselliği
Cinsiyetler
Cinsel yönelimler
Kavramları
Saptama
Diğer konular
Üç erektil doku kolonu, penis hacminin çoğunluğunu oluşturur
İnsan penisinin aşamalı sertleşmesi
Sertleşmiş pozisyonda bir at penisi

Sertleşme veya ereksiyon, penisin büyüdüğü ve sıkılaştığı fizyolojik bir kavramdır. Sertleşme, genelde cinsel uyarılma veya cinsel olarak cezbedilme kaynaklı; psikolojik, nöral, vasküler ve endokral faktörlerin kompleks etkileşimlerin bir sonucudur. Kadınlarda benzer uyarılma, klitoral ereksiyon'dur.

Fizyoloji

Sertleşme, parasempatik sinir sisteminin uyarılması sonucu, penisin Corpus cavernosum ve Corpus spongiosum parçalarına kan dolması nedeniyle oluşan fizyolojik olay olarak da tanımlanabilir. Fizyolojik olarak, uyarılma sırasında atardamarlarla kan hızlıca penise pompalanır, penisin kavern odacıklarının duvarları gevşeyerek genişler ve içlerine daha fazla kan alarak şişer ve büyürler. Böylece penis kanla dolarak büyür ve sertleşir. En dıştaki sert kılıf ve zarlar gerilir, toplardamarlar kapanır ve penisin sertliğini uzun süre koruması sağlanır. Yani penise dolan kan tekrar dolaşıma çıkmaz, bir süre orada kalır. Penis sertliğini kaybederken, bu toplardamarlar açılır, kan penisi terk eder ve kavern sistemlerin duvarları kasılıp büzüşerek küçülürler. Penis eski konumuna gelir.

Sertleşme türleri

Sertleşme halindeki bir penisin açısı; aşağı yönde, yukarı yönde, yanlamasına veya bükük olarak çeşitlilik gösterir.[1] Uyku halindeyken veya uyanıldığında gerçekleşen sertleşmelere tıp dilinde noktürnal penis şişkinliği veya gayriresmî adıyla sabah sertleşmesi denir.[2] Penisin, az çok sertleşmiş ama tam bir sertleşme halinde olmaması durumuna, yarı sertleşme denir. Sertleşme durumunda olmayan, gevşek bir penis iradesiz bir durumdadır.

Tıbbi önem

Priapism, penisin herhangi bir fiziksel veya psikolojik uyarılma olmaksızın en az dört saat boyunca sertleşme halinde kalması ve sarkık duruma dönmemesi olarak tanımlanan ve ağrı veren tıbbi bir durumdur. Sertleşme bozukluğu ise çeşitli faktörlere bağlı olarak sertleşememe veya sertleşmeyi koruyamama durumunu belirtir.[3]

Kaynakça

  1. ^ Sparling J (1997). "Penile erections: shape, angle, and length". Journal of Sex & Marital Therapy. 23 (3). ss. 195-207. doi:10.1080/00926239708403924. PMID 9292834. 
  2. ^ Morning Erections: Sizemed 25 Haziran 2012 tarihinde Wayback Machine sitesinde arşivlendi. retrieved 28 February 2012
  3. ^ Milsten, Richard (et al.), The Sexual Male. Problems And Solutions. London, 2000. (0-393-32127-4)

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