Merkür'ün atmosferi

Güneş'e en yakın, manyetik alanı zayıf ve karasal gezegen olarak tanınan gezegenler arasında en küçük kütleye sahip olan Merkür'ün hidrojen, helyum, oksijen, sodyum, kalsiyum, potasyum ve su buharı içeren, toplam basınç seviyesi yaklaşık 10−14 bar (1 nPa) olan çok ince ve oldukça değişken bir atmosferi (yüzeye bağlı ekzosfer) vardır.[1] Ekzosferik türler ya Güneş rüzgârından ya da gezegenin kabuğundan kaynaklanır. Güneş ışığı atmosferdeki gazları Güneş'ten uzağa iterek gezegenin arkasında kuyrukluyıldıza benzer bir kuyruk oluşturur.

Merkür'de bir atmosferin var olup olmadığı 1974 yılına kadar tartışmalı bir konuydu ancak o zamana kadar tıpkı Ay gibi Merkür'ün de kayda değer bir atmosfere sahip olmadığı konusunda bir fikir birliği oluşmuştu. Bu sonuç 1974 yılında insansız Mariner 10 uzay sondasının Merkür'de zayıf bir ekzosfer keşfetmesiyle doğrulanmıştır. Daha sonra 2008 yılında MESSENGER uzay aracından daha iyi ölçümler elde edilmiş ve Merkür'ün ekzosferinde magnezyum keşfedilmiştir.

Kaynakça

Özel

  1. ^ "NASA—Mercury". 5 Ocak 2005 tarihinde kaynağından arşivlendi. Erişim tarihi: 26 Eylül 2009. 

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