Fatih Camii Olayı

Fatih Camii Olayı, 1623'te dönemin Osmanlı yönetimine tepki gösteren Müslüman din adamlarının Fatih Camii'nde toplanarak gerçekleştirdikleri başkaldırı sırasında olan olaylardır.[1] Bu isyan dönemin vezîriâzamı Mere Hüseyin Paşa'nın verdiği emir ile bastırılmış, isyan edenlerden ele geçirilen kimseler öldürülerek lağım ve kuyulara atılmışlardır.[2]

Osmanlı vezîriâzamı Mere Hüseyin Paşa'nın seyyidlerden olduğu belirtilen bir kadıyı aşağılayıp dövdürmesi ulema ve tarikat şeyhlerinin harekete geçmesine yol açtı. Haziran 1623'te Fatih Camii'nde toplanan ulema, kafir ve kanının helal olduğunu söyledikleri Mere Hüseyin'in görevden alınmasını talep ettiler. Büyük bir yankı uyandıran ulema topluluğunun bu tepkisindeki gelişmeler Mere Hüseyin Paşa tarafından takip ediliyordu.[1] Ulemanın dağılması için heyet gönderilip uzlaşılmak istendiyse de bu hiçbir işe yaramadı. İsyan eden hocaları yatıştırmak isteyen elçi yanında bulunan bir hatt-ı hümâyunu okuduysa da bunun da bir etkisi olmadı.[3] Eski bir kazasker olan Bahşî Efendi de Mere Hüseyin Paşa'nın kâfirliğine ve hatalarına dair fetvalar yazdı.

İsyan edenler oracıkta bir yadigar sarığı açarak kendilerine bayrak dahi yapmışlardı.[3] Tekbirler eşliğinde açılan bu bayrağa hocalardan bazıları yüzünü gözünü sürmekte, bazıları ise mendilini bayrağa dokundurup yüzüne sürüyordu.[3][4] Bir yandan da cami merdivenin başında heybetli bir ses ile Fetih Suresi okunuyordu.[3] Ayrıca isyana katılmayan hocalar da geri gitmemek üzere evlerinden çıkarılarak oraya getirilmişlerdi. Halk ise tüm bu olan biteni izlemekle meşgul oldu.[3] İsyancı hocalar silahları olmamasına karşın savaşacaklarını söylediler.[3] Bazı çeşitli nedenlerin yanı sıra kendilerini küçük düşürdüğüne inandıkları Mere Hüseyin Paşa'yı hedef alarak Fatih Camii'nde toplanan din alimlerinin derhal dağıtılması için saraydan karar çıktı. Sonrasında Mere Hüseyin Paşa camiye bir baskın düzenletti. Askerlerin yola çıktığı bilgisini alan isyancı din adamlarından bazıları "akşam oldu gidelim, sabah yine gelelim" diyerek, bazılarıysa abdest bahanesi ile toplandıkları yerden ayrıldılar.[2] İsyancılardan birçoğu böylece dağılmıştı. Askerler Fatih Camii'ne vardıklarında orada namaz için bulunan ve olaylarla ilgisi olmayan halk dahil olmak üzere din adamlarını öldürdüler. Öldürülenlerin cesetlerini ise kuyu ve lâğımlara attılar.[2]

Fatih Camii'nde yaşananlar nedeniyle Osmanlı müelliflerinden ilmiye mensubu olanlar Hüseyin Mere Paşa'yı "cahil, kaba, zalim" şeklinde ifadelerle anmaktadırlar.[5]

Kaynakça

  1. ^ a b Türkiye Diyanet Vakfı İslam Ansiklopedi, cilt: 19, s. 9
  2. ^ a b c Naima Tarihi II, Bahar Matbaası, İstanbul, 1968, s. 812-816
  3. ^ a b c d e f Refik, Ahmed, Osmanlı Devrinde Hoca Nüfuzu, Toplumsal Dönüşüm Yayınları, s. 53-57
  4. ^ Uğur Demir, Erhan Afyoncu, Ahmet Önal. "Osmanlı İmparatorluğu'nda Askeri İsyanlar ve Darbeler", Yeditepe Yayınları, s. 90
  5. ^ Mere Hüseyin Paşa" maddesi, Diyanet İslam Ansiklopedisi.

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