Banbury Ayaklanması

Banbury ayaklanması, İngiliz İç Savaşı sırasında Parlamento tarafının silahlı kuvvetleri olan Yeni Ordu saflarında patlak vermiş olan ayaklanmadır. Leveller fikirlerinin etkisiyle de yayılan ayaklanma silahlı güçle bastırılmış, liderleri yakalanarak 17 Mayıs 1649 günü idam edilmiştir.

Sebepleri

Ayaklanmanın sebebi hem mali hem siyasi öğeler içeriyordu. Birikmiş ödemelerin alınmamasından dolayı ortaya çıkan huzursuzluk iktidardaki Oliver Cromwell tarafından talebin haklı bulunarak Parlamentodan 10 bin £ ödeme izni çıkartmasıyla çözülür. Ancak buna rağmen Yüzbaşı William Thompson komutasındaki yaklaşık 400 kişilik piyade birliği uzlaşmayı reddeder. Günümüzdeki sosyalizan siyasi akımları işaret eden Leveller ideolojsine bağlı birlik bulundukları Banbury'den ayrılarak diğer birliklerle siyasi taleplerini görüşmek üzere Salisbury yönüne ilerlerler.

Ayaklanma

Oliver Cromwell ve Sir Thomas Fairfax tarafından durumu kontrol altına almak üzere görevlendirilen Binbaşı White, ayaklanmacı birliklerle görüşerek onlara karşı güç kullanılmayacağına dair garanti verir. Ancak buna rağmen 13 Mayıs gecesi Cromwell ayaklanmacılara saldırır. Çatışmada çok sayıda isyancı öldürülür. Yüzbaşı Thompson saldırıdan kurtulsa da izleyen günlerde süren çatışmada Wellingborough yakınlarında öldürülür. Yakalanan üç lider, üsteğmen James Thompson, Onbaşı Perkins ve Er John Church 17 Mayıs 1649 günü idam edilir. Yeni Ordu içinde Leveller etkisi bu şekilde tamamen ortadan kaldırılmış olur.

Geleneği

Burford'da idam edilen Leveller askerlerin anısına asılmış olan yazıt

1975 yılından itibaren Oxfordshire'a bağlı Burford'da idam edilen 3 Leveller için Leveller Günü anmaları düzenlenir. Her yıl 17 Mayıs tarihine en yakın bir cumartesi günü yapılan anmalarda konuyla ilgili konuşmalar yapılır.[1] Burford Kilisesinin duvarına 1979 yılında olayı anlatan bir yazıt asılmıştır.

Kaynakça

  1. ^ 2004 yılındaki Leveller Günü etkinliklerine dair 12 Kasım 2012 tarihinde Wayback Machine sitesinde arşivlendi. BBC haberi (İngilizce) 4 Eylül 2015 tarihinde erişilmiştir

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