İzotonik

Değişik çözeltilerin kan hücresi üzerindeki etkileri
1. örnekte, hipertonik ortamda hücre su kaybederek büzüşmüştür.
2. örnekte, yoğunluklar eşit olduğundan hücre değişikliğe uğramamıştır.
3. örnekte, hipotonik ortamda hücre su alarak şişmiştir.
Değişik çözeltilerin bitki hücresi üzerindeki etkileri
1. örnekte, hipertonik ortamda hücre su kaybederek büzüşmüştür.
2. örnekte, yoğunluklar eşit olduğundan hücre değişikliğe uğramamıştır.
3. örnekte, hipotonik ortamda hücre su alarak şişmiştir.

İzotonik ya da eşyoğun teknik olarak eşit yoğunlukta çözelti anlamına gelir.

Hücre biyolojisi

Hücre'nin içi ve dışı arasında eşit bir çözünmüş madde konsantrasyonu oluştuğunda izotonik bir selüler alan ortaya çıkmış olur.Su moleküllleri ozmoz ile içeri ve dışarı eşit oranda geçerek hücre boyunun aynı kalmasını sağlar. Hücreden içeri veya dışarı çözünmüş madde geçişi olmaz. Bitki hücreleri de izotonik bir ortamdır ancak gevşek bir yapısı vardır ve zamanla solarlar. Bitkiler bu özelliklerinden dolayı hipotonik ortamlarda yaşayabilirler. Hipotonik ortam bitkiye su girişini sağlar.Bu şekilde aktif transport ile bitki hücresi içine dışarıdan maddeler geçmiş olur.

Biyokimya

Bir izotonik solüsyon çevresindeki ortama göre eşit miktarda çözünmüş madde içerir. Tipik olarak insanlar ve diğer çoğu memelilerde, izotonik solüsyon yüzde 0,9 tuzun su içierisinde ağırlık/hacim (g/l) olarak çözülmüş olduğu çözeltidir.Bu aynı zamanda saline solüsyonu olarak da bilinir ve intravenöz damlatma yöntemi ile uygulanır. Bu solüsyon hipotonik ve hipertonik çözeltilerin tam ortasıdır.

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