Optimates

Optimates
Mga pangunahing pinuno	Scipio Nasica Serapio Sulla Cicero Cato ang Nakababata Pompey Titus Annius Milo Caecilii Metelli
Itinatag	c. 133 BC
Binuwag	c. 36 BC
Palakuruan	Aristokrasya Oligarko Konserbatismo Mos majorum Pangingibabaw ng Senado

Ang Optimates ( /ˈɒptəmɪts/; Latin para sa "mga pinakamahusay", isahan: optimas), na kilala rin bilang boni ( "mabubuting tao"), ay isang konserbatibong pampulitikang pangkatin sa huling bahagi ng Republikang Romano.

Bumuo sila bilang reaksiyon laban sa mga reporma ng magkakapatid na Gracchi—dalawang Tribuno ng mga Plebo sa pagitan ng 133 at 121 BK na sinubukang ipasa ang isang batas agraryo upang matulungan ang mga maralita sa lunsod, at isang repormang pampolitika na makakabawas sa impluwensiya ng klase ng senador. Dahil ang Optimates ay mga senador at malalaking may-lupa, marahas nilang tinutulan ang Gracchi, at sa wakas ay pinaslang sila, ngunit ang kanilang programa ay itinaguyod ng maraming politiko, na tinawag na Populares ("pinapaboran ang mga tao"). Sa loob ng halos 80 taon, ang politika ng Roma ay minarkahan ng paghaharap ng dalawang paksiyon na ito. Pinaboran ng Optimates ang mga ninunong batas Romano at kaugalian, pati na rin ang kataas-taasang kapangyarihan ng Senado sa mga tanyag na asamblea at sa mga Tribuno ng mga Plebo. Tinanggihan din nila ang pagpapalawak ng pagkamamamayan ng Roman sa mga kaalyadong Italyano ng Roma na itinaguyod ng Populares. Bagaman kahina-hinala sa mga makapangyarihang heneral, kumampi sila kay Pompey nang maniwala sila na si Julio Cesar—sa kaniyang sarili bilang isang Popularis—ay nagpaplano ng isang kudeta laban sa Republika. Nawala sila bunga ng kanilang pagkatalo sa sumunod na Digmaang Sibil.

Mga sanggunian

Karagdagang pagbabasa

Parenti, Michael . Ang Pagpatay kay Julius Caesar: Isang Kasaysayan ng Tao sa Sinaunang Roma . Ang New Press, 2003.ISBN 1-56584-797-0 ISBN 1-56584-797-0 .

Mga panlabas na link

Mga video ng mga pag-uusap ni Michael Parenti tungkol sa kanyang librong The Assassination of Julius Caesar: A People's History of Ancient Rome, na naglalarawan ng hidwaan sa pagitan ng Optimates at Populares, sa isang 76 minutong pag-uusap ( sa isang bahagi at sa walong bahagi ).

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