Muawiya I

Muawiya I
FöddMekka[1]
DödMedina
BegravdDamaskus
Medborgare iRashidunkalifatet och Umayyadiska kalifatet
SysselsättningPolitiker[2], guvernör, poet, författare, kalif
Befattning
Governor of the Levant (639–661)
Umayyadkalif (661–680)
MakaQurayba bint Abi Umayya
Maysun bint Bahdal
BarnYazid I (f. 646)
FöräldrarAbu Sufyan ibn Harb
Hind bint Utba
SläktingarRamla bint abu Sufyan (syskon)
Redigera Wikidata

Muawiya I, egentligen Mu'āwiya ibn abī Sufyān (arabiska: معاوية بن أبي سفيان), född 602, död 6 maj 680, var kalif i det islamiska riket 661–680. Han tillhörde den umayyadiska grenen av samma stam (Quraysh) som profeten Muhammed, och var son till Abu Sufyan ibn Harb. Han var ståthållare i Syrien under Alis kalifat och erkände inte denne som kalif. Efter mordet på Ali utropade Mu'āwiya sig till kalif i Damaskus. Hans kalifat accepterades i sin tur inte av Alis anhängare, de så kallade shi'at Alī, "Alis parti", som i Medina i stället stödde Alis söner Hasan och Husayn.

Muawiya slog i början av sin regering ned kharijiternas och alidernas uppror, utvidgade sitt rike till floden Indus i öster, och trängde fram ända till Konstantinopel.

Han gjorde Damaskuskalifatet ärftligt inom sin familj genom sin son Yazid I (680–683) och grundade därmed umayyadernas dynasti.

Se även

Källor

Noter

  1. ^ läs online, www.ceeol.com .[källa från Wikidata]
  2. ^ läs online, lubpak.com .[källa från Wikidata]
Företrädare:
Hasan ibn Ali
Kalif
661–680
Efterträdare:
Yazid I


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