Grand (adelstitel)

Rangkrona för en grand av Spanien

Grand (spanska: grande "storman") är en titel för den högsta spanska adeln.[1][2]

Bakgrund

Grandvärdigheten har sitt ursprung i 1200-talets Kastilien[2], och erkändes formellt av Karl V år 1520 genom förordning. Granderna var de främsta markägarna i Kastilien och Aragonien med stort politiskt inflytande,[1] vilket dock minskade från och med 1500-talet.[2] Titeln har avskaffats flera gånger, 1808 (under Joseph Bonaparte)[2], 1873 och 1931 (då landet var republik) men har återupprättats igen, senast år 1948 av Francisco Franco. Enligt Nationalencyklopedin är idag 395 personer grander.[1]

Traditionellt har granderna haft många privilegier, som exempelvis att behålla sin huvudbonad på i kungens närvaro och att kalla monarken kusin ("mi primo"). De har även rätt till titeln excellens. Tidigare indelades granderna i tre klasser men nu har alla samma privilegier.[2][3] Grandvärdigheten är egentligen inte kopplat till andra adelstitlar, men innehas av samtliga spanska hertigar och en del markiser och grevar.[3][4]

Se även

Källor

  1. ^ [a b c] Nationalencyklopedin, grand (hämtad 2022-09-28) [inloggning kan krävas]
  2. ^ [a b c d e] Grand i Nordisk familjebok (andra upplagan, 1909)
  3. ^ [a b] ”Nobility of Spain | The Grandes de España”. www.almanachdegotha.org. Almanach de Saxe Gotha. http://www.almanachdegotha.org/id223.html. Läst 28 september 2022. 
  4. ^ John Selden citerad i Encyclopædia Britannica, 1911 (länk till Wikisource)

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