Бонинска острва

Три главне групе Бонинских острва су, од севера према југу, Мукоџима, Чичиџима и Хахаџима, а Вулканска острва су југозападно од њих.

Бонинска острва (јап. 小笠原諸島, Ogasawara-shotō, Архипелаг Огасавара), јапански архипелаг од преко 30 тропских и суптропских острва у Тихом океану, између Јапанских острва и Маријанских острва, од којих су само три стално насељена. Географски припадају северном делу Океаније. Политички, уз оближња Вулканска острва јужно од њих, која се у Јапану такође сматрају делом архипелага Огасавара, представљају најјужнију територију Јапана.[1][2]

Историја и демографија

Најпознатије острво из ове групе је Иво Џима, место велике битке у Другом светском рату.[3] Мало острво вулканског порекла, дуго око 8, а широко око 4 км, било је једино острво ове групе погодно за изградњу аеродрома и ваздухопловне базе. Током рата на Пацифику имало је велики стратегијски значај, пошто се налазило на пола пута између Токија и Маршалских острва.[4]

Само три острва су стално настањена: Чичиџима (23,5 км2, 2.120 становника), Хахаџима (21 км2, 440 становника) и Иво Џима (21 км2, има војну базу са око 400 војника).

Галерија

  • Острво Иво Џима 2014. године.
    Острво Иво Џима 2014. године.
  • Лука Футами на острву Чичиџима.
    Лука Футами на острву Чичиџима.
  • Село Оки на острву Хахаџима.
    Село Оки на острву Хахаџима.

Извори

  1. ^ Младеновић, Андреја (1974). Велики атлас света. Београд: Просвета. стр. 80. 
  2. ^ VELIKA TEMATSKA ENCIKLOPEDIJA LAROUSSE (I tom). Beograd: Mono&Manana. 2005. стр. 659. ISBN 86-7804-018-1. 
  3. ^ Никола Гажевић, Војна енциклопедија 9, Војноиздавачки завод, Београд (1975), стр. 451
  4. ^ Никола Гажевић, Војна енциклопедија 3, Војноиздавачки завод, Београд (1972), стр. 725

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