Peptidoglikan

Peptidoglikan

Murein ili peptidoglikan je organski makromolekul.[1] On je osnova ćelijskih zidova bakterija i modrozelenih algi (razvojne grane Eubacteria).[1]

Murein daje ćelijskom zidu čvrstinu i oblik.[1] Uloga mu je zaštitna.[1] Njegova je funkcija u prvom redu mehanička.[1] Zavisno od njegove strukture i udela drugih materija u bakterijskom ćelijskom zidu kroz koji je murein protkan, bakterije delimo u dva grupe: gram-pozitivne bakterije i gram-negativne bakterije.[1] Prva skupina je zbog više slojeva mureina otpornija i krutija, a druga je zbog tankog sloja osetljivija na mehanička oštećenja.[1] Zbog ostalih tvari javlja se i različita reakcija na bojenje po Gramu.[2][3][4]

Novija literatura umesto pojma murein koristi pojam peptidoglikan.[1]

Murein je svojstven ćelijskim zidovima eubakterija (prokariote), a nema ga kod arheobakterija, niti kod eukariota.[1]

Reference

  1. ^ а б в г д ђ е ж з Župan, Irina. „Odgovori na postavljena pitanja iz biologije”. PBF Zagreb. Приступљено 15. 01. 2015. 
  2. ^ Popp D, Narita A, Maeda K, Fujisawa T, Ghoshdastider U, Iwasa M, Maéda Y, Robinson RC (2010). „Filament structure, organization, and dynamics in MreB sheets”. The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 285 (21): 15858—65. PMC 2871453 Слободан приступ. PMID 20223832. doi:10.1074/jbc.M109.095901. 
  3. ^ van den Ent F, Amos LA, Löwe J (2001). „Prokaryotic origin of the actin cytoskeleton.”. Nature. 413 (6851): 39—44. PMID 11544518. doi:10.1038/35092500. 
  4. ^ van den Ent F, Johnson CM, Persons L, de Boer P, Löwe J (2010). „Bacterial actin MreB assembles in complex with cell shape protein RodZ.”. EMBO J. 29 (6): 1081—90. PMC 2845281 Слободан приступ. PMID 20168300. doi:10.1038/emboj.2010.9. 

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