Ekto-5'-nukleotidaza (5'-ribonukleotidna fosfohidrolaza; EC 3.1.3.5) katalizuje konverziju na neutralnom pH purin 5' mononukleotida u nukleozide, pri čemu je preferentni supstrat AMP. Enzim se sastoji od dimera sa dve identične 70-kD podjedinice vezane glikozil fosfatidil inozitol vezom za spoljašnju stranu membrane plazme. Ovaj enzim se koristi kao marker diferencijacije limfocita. Konsekventno, deficijencija NT5 se javlja kod raznih bolesti imunodeficijencije (e.g., see MIM 102700, MIM 300300). Postoje druge forme 5' nukleotidaze u citoplazmi i lizozomima. One se razlikuju od ekto-NT5 po njihovim supstratnim afinitetima, potrebom za prisustvom divalentnog jona magnezijuma, ATP aktivaciji, i inhibiciji neorganskim fosfatima.[2] Retke alelne varijante su vezane za sindrom odraslog-doba kalcifikacije zglobova i arterija (CALJA) koji utiče na bočne, femoralnu, i tibijalne arterije čime se redukuje cirkulacija u nogama, i zglobovima ruku i stopala, što uzrokuje bol.[3][4][5]
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