Hondrula

Hondrule v hondritu Grassland. Za primerjavo je dodamo milimetersko merilo.

Hondrula je okroglo zrno, ki ga lahko najdemo v hondritih. Beseda izvira iz grške besede hondros, kar pomeni zrno. Hondrule se nastajale kot raztaljene ali delno raztaljene kapljice v vesolju preden so vrasle v asteroide. Hondrule tako predstavljajo najstarejšo snov v Osončju. Verjetno so bile tudi osnovni material pri nastajanje planetov. V velikem številu jih najdemo v posebni skupini meteoritov, ki so jim dale ime hondriti. V meteoritih so vgrajene v drobnozrnato osnovo (matrica). Hondrule poznajo že od leta 1820, ko jih je opisal Jacques Louis de Bourbon (1751-1825) kot zanimive kroglice v meteoritih. Ime jim je dal leta 1869 Gustav Rose.

Nastanek hondrul

Hondrule predstavljajo nastarejšo snov v Osončju. Danes vemo, da so iz prvotne snovi, ki je bila zelo hitro segreta (1 minuto ali še manj) do temperature okoli 1900°C. Nastale so kroglice, ki so se ohladile v nekaj urah. Ni pa znan izvor energije, ki je povzročil taljenje. Prav tako ni znano, kje se je to dogajalo. Možno je tudi, da je sestavina osnovne snovi v kateri so hondrule, iz prav takšne snovi kot sestavljajo hondrule. Veliko teorij trdi., da so hondrule nastale že v oblaku, iz katerega je nastalo Sonce ali pa v protoplanetnem disku.

Pregled vsebnosti hondrul v skupinah hondritov

Skupina
hondritov		 količina
(vol%)		 povprečni premer
(mm)
CI 0 –
CM 20 0,3
CO 50 0,15
CV 45 1
CK 45 1
CR 50-60 0,7
CH 70 0,02
CB 20-40 10 (podskupina a),
0,2 (podskupina b)
H 60-80 0,3
L 60-80 0,7
LL 60-80 0,9
EH 60-80 0,2
EL 60-80 0,6
R >40 0,4
K 30 0,6

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