Fiziologija

Fiziologija (iz besed Physis, narava + Logos, veščina, znanost) je panoga biologije, ki proučuje življenjske procese v organizmih. Tradicionalno delimo fiziologijo na fiziologijo rastlin in fiziologijo živali z ločeno panogo fiziologije človeka, ki jo obravnavamo v sklopu medicinskih znanosti. Vendar pa so osnovni principi delovanja enaki pri vseh organizmih, zato se pristop do preučevanja in določene tehnike ter metode uporabljajo v vseh vejah fiziologije.

Razdelitev fiziologije

Glede na organizem razdelimo fiziologijo na:

Glede na način prikazovanja procesov pa razdelimo fiziologijo na:

  • splošna fiziologija (obravnava dogajanja v telesu - homeostaza, prenos snovi preko celičnih membran, sestava organizma, nastanek membranskih potencialov, delovanje encimov, pomen pigmentov,...)
  • komparativna ali primerjalna fiziologija (primerja fiziološke procese pri različnih organizmih)
  • specialna fiziologija (obravnava procese dihanja, prebave, presnove, cirkulacije, gibanja, delovanja vzdražljivih tkiv, uravnavanje acido-baznega ravnotežja, delovanje hormonov, produkcije in reprodukcije,...):

Zunanje povezave

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