Šampanja (provinca)

Šampanja
Provinca Francoskega kraljestva
1314–1790
Zastava Šampanja (provinca)
Zastava
Grb Šampanja (provinca)
Grb

Zgodovina 
• ustanovitev
1314
• ukinitev
1790
Predhodnik
Naslednik
Image missing grofija Šampanja
Image missing Cerkveno vojvodstvo Reims
Image missing Cerkveno vojvodstvo Langres
Image missing Cerkvena grofija Châlons
Ardennes (departma)
Marne
Aube
Haute-Marne
Aisne (departma)
Seine-et-Marne
Yonne
Meuse (departma)

Šampanja (Champagne, francoska izgovorjava: ​[ʃɑ̃paɲ]) je bila provinca na severovzhodu Francoskega kraljestva, zdaj najbolj znana kot vinska regija Šampanja za peneče belo vino, ki nosi to ime v današnji Franciji. Grofija Šampanja, ki izvira iz zgodnjesrednjeveškega kraljestva Avstrazije, je leta 1314 prešla na francosko krono.[1]

Nekdaj so ji vladali šampanjski grofje, njen zahodni rob pa je bil približno 160 km vzhodno od Pariza. Mesta Troyes, Reims in Épernay so trgovska središča območja. Leta 1956 je večina Šampanje postala del francoske upravne regije Šampanja-Ardeni, ki je obsegala štiri departmaje: Ardenes, Aube, Haute-Marne in Marne. Od 1. januarja 2016 se je Šampanja-Ardeni združila s sosednjima regijama Alzacija in Lorena v novo regijo Grand Est.[2]

Etimologija

Ime Champagne, prej pisano Champaigne, izvira iz francoščine, kar pomeni »odprta dežela« (primerna za vojaške manevre) in iz latinščine campanius, kar pomeni »ravna dežela« ali »ravnina«,[3] kar je tudi izpeljava imena italijanske regije Kampanije. Toponim izvira iz renesanse in opisuje njeno prostrano ravno pokrajino, obrobljeno s kredo.[4]

Zgodovina

V antičnih časih je bila Šampanja poselitveno območje keltskih Catalaunov. Po osvojitvi Galije (58-51 pr. n. št.) Gaja Julija Cezarja je postalo del rimske province Gallia Belgica. Med zatonom Rimskega cesarstva je rimski general Flavij ​​​​Aetij tukaj končal napredovanje Hunov pod vodstvom Atile v bitki na Katalonskih poljih leta 451.[5]

Do leta 1825 so bili vsi francoski kralji kronani in maziljeni v stolnici v Reimsu. Zaradi velikih sejmov v Reimsu in Troyesu je regija postala ena gospodarsko najpomembnejših v Evropi. V 18. in 19. stoletju sta se tu razvili tekstilna in kovinska industrija, ki sta po letu 1930 delno izgubili svoj pomen, po letu 1970 pa popolnoma.

V visokem srednjem veku je bila pokrajina znana po šampanjskih sejmih, ki so bili zelo pomembni v gospodarstvu zahodnih družb. Viteška romanca je imela svoje prve začetke v grofiji Šampanji s slavnim pisateljem Chrétienom de Troyesom, ki je pisal zgodbe o Okrogli mizi iz Arturjevih legend.

Nekaj šampanjskih grofov je bilo francoskih kraljev z grofovskim naslovom, ki se je leta 1314 združil s francosko krono, ko je Ludvik I., kralj Navare in grof Šampanje, postal kralj Francije kot Ludvik X.. Grofe Šampanje je francoska aristokracija zelo cenila.

Sklici

  1. Encyclopædia Britannica. Zv. V (11 izd.). str. 828.
  2. »"Grand Est": les élus valident le nom de région«. Le Figaro (v francoščini). 29. april 2016. Pridobljeno 29. aprila 2016.
  3. »Etymologie de champagne«. Centre Nationale de Ressources de Textuelles et Lexicalles (v francoščini). 2012. Pridobljeno 2. decembra 2022.
  4. Rey, Alain; Rey-Debove, Josette (1986). Le petit Robert. Zv. I. Paris: Dictionnaires Le Robert. str. 242, 283. ISBN 2-85036-066-X.
  5. Reallexikon der Germanischen Altertumskunde, S. 328

Zunanje povezave

Read other articles:

Andrew Chi-Chih Yao Andrew Chi-Chih Yao (Hanzi: 姚期智; Pinyin: Yáo Qīzhì) (lahir 24 Desember 1946) adalah seorang ilmuwan komputer ternama. Dia menerima Turing Award, penghargaan yang paling berprestise di bidang ilmu komputer, pada tahun 2000, atas kontribusi fundamental kepada teori komputasi, yang mencakup juga teori berbasis kompleksitas mengenai pembangkitan bilangan protoacak, kriptografi dan kompleksitas komunikasi. Yao lahir di Shanghai, China. Dia menyelesaikan pendidi...

 

Nama ini menggunakan cara penamaan Portugis. Nama keluarga pertama atau maternalnya adalah Moura dan nama keluarga kedua atau paternalnya adalah da Silva. Lucas Moura Lucas Moura bersama Paris Saint-GermainInformasi pribadiNama lengkap Lucas Rodrigues Moura da Silva[1]Tanggal lahir 13 Agustus 1992 (umur 31)Tempat lahir São Paulo, BrasilTinggi 1,72 m (5 ft 7+1⁄2 in)[2]Posisi bermain Gelandang sayapInformasi klubKlub saat ini São PauloNomor 7Karie...

 

Artikel ini perlu diwikifikasi agar memenuhi standar kualitas Wikipedia. Anda dapat memberikan bantuan berupa penambahan pranala dalam, atau dengan merapikan tata letak dari artikel ini. Untuk keterangan lebih lanjut, klik [tampil] di bagian kanan. Mengganti markah HTML dengan markah wiki bila dimungkinkan. Tambahkan pranala wiki. Bila dirasa perlu, buatlah pautan ke artikel wiki lainnya dengan cara menambahkan [[ dan ]] pada kata yang bersangkutan (lihat WP:LINK untuk keterangan lebih lanjut...

1911 treaty during the Mexican Revolution Francisco Madero arriving in Pachuca in 1912 The Treaty of Ciudad Juárez was a peace treaty signed between the President of Mexico, Porfirio Díaz, and the revolutionary Francisco Madero on May 21, 1911. The treaty put an end to the fighting between forces supporting Madero and those of Díaz and thus concluded the initial phase of the Mexican Revolution. The treaty stipulated that Díaz, as well as his vice president Ramón Corral, were to step down...

 

Hingga Maret 2017, bagian populasi urban Kazakhstan adalah 53%. Program modernisasi Kazakhstan dan jalur pengembangan inovatif diharapkan mampu mempercepat proses urbanisasi negara yang menghasilkan peningkatan populasi urban dari 53% menuju 70% pada tahun 2030.[1] Provinsi dan kota-kota besar Kazakhstan Daftar berikut merupakan daftar kota-kota berpenduduk >50.000 jiwa di Kazakhstan. Beberapa nama dari banyak tempat telah mengalami perubahan sepanjang abad ini, terkadang perubahan...

 

Joseph CardijnPelayan AllahKardinal-Diaken San Michele ArcangeloGerejaGereja Katolik RomaMasa jabatan25 Februari 1965 – 24 Juli 1967PendahuluTidak ada: gereja tituler dibentukPenerusJavier Lozano BarragánImamatTahbisan imam22 September 1906oleh Désiré-Joseph MercierTahbisan uskup21 Februari 1965oleh Leo Joseph SuenensPelantikan kardinal22 Februari 1965oleh Paus Paulus VIPeringkatKardinal-DiakenInformasi pribadiNama lahirJoseph Leo CardijnLahir(1882-11-13)13 November 1882Schaerb...

Election in Florida Main article: 1920 United States presidential election 1920 United States presidential election in Florida ← 1916 November 2, 1920 1924 →   Nominee James Cox Warren Harding Party Democratic Republican Home state Ohio Ohio Running mate Franklin D. Roosevelt Calvin Coolidge Electoral vote 6 0 Popular vote 90,515 44,853 Percentage 62.13% 30.79% County Results Cox   40–50%   50–60%   60–70% ...

 

World Series Cricket results are the results of the main games played in the now defunct World Series Cricket (WSC) competition. World Series Cricket was a break away professional cricket competition staged between 1977 and 1979, organized by Kerry Packer for his Australian television network, the Nine Network. The matches ran in opposition to established international cricket. World Series Cricket drastically changed the nature of cricket, and its influence continues to be felt today.The in...

 

Ability of a cell to differentiate into other cell types Cell potency is a cell's ability to differentiate into other cell types.[1][2] The more cell types a cell can differentiate into, the greater its potency. Potency is also described as the gene activation potential within a cell, which like a continuum, begins with totipotency to designate a cell with the most differentiation potential, pluripotency, multipotency, oligopotency, and finally unipotency. Pluripotent, embryon...

Disambiguazione – Se stai cercando altri significati, vedi Indipendentismo (disambigua). Questa voce sull'argomento politica è solo un abbozzo. Contribuisci a migliorarla secondo le convenzioni di Wikipedia. Segui i suggerimenti del progetto di riferimento. L'indipendentismo è il fenomeno politico caratterizzato dal rivendicare l'indipendenza di un territorio dalla sovranità di uno Stato; spesso si usa anche il termine separatismo o secessionismo. Può essere di matrice ideologica,...

 

Questa voce o sezione sull'argomento astronauti statunitensi non cita le fonti necessarie o quelle presenti sono insufficienti. Puoi migliorare questa voce aggiungendo citazioni da fonti attendibili secondo le linee guida sull'uso delle fonti. Clifton WilliamsAstronauta della NASANazionalità Stati Uniti StatusDeceduto Data di nascita26 settembre 1932 Data di morte5 ottobre 1967 Selezione18 ottobre 1963(gruppo 3 NASA) Altre attivitàPilota collaudatore Tempo nello spazio0 secondi M...

 

Shattered - Gioco mortaleGerard Butler in una scena del filmTitolo originaleButterfly on a Wheel Lingua originaleinglese Paese di produzioneStati Uniti d'America Anno2007 Durata90 min Generethriller RegiaMike Barker SoggettoWilliam Morrissey SceneggiaturaWilliam Morrissey ProduttoreWilliam VinceWilliam MorrisseyPierce Brosnan Produttore esecutivoBeau st. ClairDave ValleauBruce DaveyMarina Grasic Casa di produzioneIrish DreamtimeInfinity Features Distribuzione in italianoDall'Angelo Pictures F...

vteLists of United Kingdom locations Aa-Ak Al Am-Ar As-Az Bab-Bal Bam-Bap Bar Bas-Baz Bea-Bem Ben-Bez Bi Bla-Blac Blad-Bly Boa-Bot Bou-Boz Bra Bre-Bri Bro-Bron Broo-Brt Bru-Bun Bur-Bz Ca-Cap Car-Cd Ce-Chap Char-Che Chi-Ck Cl-Cn Co-Col Com-Cor Cos-Cou Cov-Coy Cra Cre-Croc Croe-Cros Crot-Croz Cru-Cu Cw-Cz Da-Dam Dan-Ddu De-Dee Deo-Dn Do-Dor Dos-Doz Dr Ds-Dz Ea-Eass East A-D East E-L East M-Y Eat-Ee Ef-El Em-Ez Fa-Fe Ff-Fn Fo Fr-Fz Gab-Gan Gao-Gar Gas-Gaz Ge-Gl Gm-Gq Gr-Gred Gree-Gz Ha-Ham Han-...

 

此條目可能包含不适用或被曲解的引用资料,部分内容的准确性无法被证實。 (2023年1月5日)请协助校核其中的错误以改善这篇条目。详情请参见条目的讨论页。 各国相关 主題列表 索引 国内生产总值 石油储量 国防预算 武装部队(军事) 官方语言 人口統計 人口密度 生育率 出生率 死亡率 自杀率 谋杀率 失业率 储蓄率 识字率 出口额 进口额 煤产量 发电量 监禁率 死刑 国债 ...

 

American foreign policy research institute (founded 1975) This article relies excessively on references to primary sources. Please improve this article by adding secondary or tertiary sources. Find sources: Center for International Policy – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (February 2011) (Learn how and when to remove this message) Center for International PolicyCenter for International Policy LogoAbbreviationCIPFormation1975TypePolicy Organ...

Australian naval base near Perth HMAS StirlingPart of Fleet Base WestGarden Island, Western Australia in AustraliaCoat of arms of HMAS StirlingCoordinates32°14′30″S 115°41′00″E / 32.24167°S 115.68333°E / -32.24167; 115.68333TypeNaval base and military airportSite informationOwnerDepartment of DefenceOperatorRoyal Australian NavySite historyBuilt1978 (1978)Garrison informationCurrentcommanderCaptain Ken Burleigh, RANGarrisonRAN Submarine ServiceSub...

 

Film studios in Prague, Czech Republic This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.Find sources: Barrandov Studios – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (April 2011) (Learn how and when to remove this message) Barrandov StudiosCompany typeSubsidiary of Moravia SteelIndustryMotion picturesFounded1931Headquarter...

 

This article is an orphan, as no other articles link to it. Please introduce links to this page from related articles; try the Find link tool for suggestions. (April 2024) Natividad RuizAlma materUniversity of KansasWashington University in St. LouisScientific careerFieldsMicrobiologyInstitutionsOhio State UniversityDoctoral advisorMichael G. CaparonOther academic advisorsJohn C. BrownThomas J. Silhavy Natividad Ruiz is an American microbiologist who is a professor at the Ohio State...

Warsaw Open 2006SingolareSport Tennis Vincitore Kim Clijsters Finalista Svetlana Kuznecova Punteggio7-5, 6-2 Tornei Singolare Singolare   Doppio Doppio 2005 2007 Voce principale: Warsaw Open 2006. Il singolare del Warsaw Open 2006 è stato un torneo di tennis facente parte del WTA Tour 2006. Justine Henin-Hardenne era la detentrice del titolo, ma si è ritirata dal torneo a causa di un infortunio alla schiena. Kim Clijsters ha battuto in finale Svetlana Kuznecova 7-5, 6-2 Indice 1 Teste ...

 

Sö 174 The Södermanland Runic Inscription 174 is a Viking Age runestone engraved in Old Norse with the Younger Futhark runic alphabet. It is located at Aspö Church in Strängnäs Municipality.[1] The style of the runestone is a categorized as Pr1.[1] Inscription [ub]lubʀOlafʀ(?)/Oblauðr(?)/Upplaupʀ(?)· litlet· kiragæra: kumlkumbl,: likhuslikhus/liknhus: aukok: brubro· atatsunsunsinsinn: biurnBiorn,: uaʀvaʀtrebindræpinn...