Kolónia Svojdomov

Ulica Na Šefranici

Mestská štvrť Svojdomov je štvrť rodinných domov bytového stavebného družstva Svojdomov v Žiline nachádzajúca sa na uliciach – Stárkova, Na Šefranici a Daniela Krmana, postavená v rokoch 1931 – 1932. Družstvo Svojdomov založil v roku 1930 Š. Mellner, ktorý bol aj predsedom družstva.

Celoštatna súťaž na kolóniu Svojdomov bola vyhlásená v roku 1930. Do užšej súťaži boli oslovený architekti Michal Maximilián Scheer, J. Stein a Ž. Wertheimer. Stavebne boli realizované projekty od architektov M. M. Scheera a J. Steina. Bola tu projektovaná štvrť pre 145 rodinných domov. V rokoch 1931 – 1939 sa z plánovaných 68 domov postavilo 48 rodinných domov, ktoré stáli samostatne alebo ako dvojdomy. Jednotlivé domy boli projektované s možnosťou variability ich využitia v ďalších rokoch. Uplatnené tu boli myšlienky moderného bývania zo Stuttgartskej výstavy z roku 1927 funkcionalizmu – rovná strecha, strešné pochôdzne terasy, obytné balkóny, vystupujúce schodištia, loggie, zimné záhrady.

Členom družstva boli ponúkané projekty na rôzne typy domov: 1-izbový, 2-izbový s manzardou, dva 2-izbové byty v jednom dome, 3 izby s manzardou a 4-izbový dom. Po druhej svetovej vojne sa už pokračovalo vo výstavbe viacpodlažných budov, čím sa narušila urbanistická koncepcia doposiaľ vybudovaných rodinných domov. Priestorové riešenie domov družstva Svojdomov predstavuje jedinečnú pamiatku modernej architektúry na Slovensku, porovnateľnú s ostatnými dobovými realizáciami. Predstavuje vysoký štandard bývania a výrazne ovplyvnila vývoj bývania v meste aj v ďalších rokoch.

Literatúra

  • MELLNER Dušan:Žilina a Svojdomov.kniha 2010 Žilina
  • Michal Scheer: Architektonická tvorba 1925 - 1975. Zodp. redaktor: prom.hist. Alexander Richter. PRR OZ, Nitra, január – február 1984
  • KUBIČKOVÁ, K.: (Ed.): Michal Maximilián Scheer. Architektonické dielo. (Katalóg výstavy.) Bratislava, SNG a SAS 1993. 35
  • DULLA, M.: Slovenská architektúra od Jurkoviča po dnešok. Perfekt, Bratislava 2007, s. 102
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