Digitalizácia (obraz)

Digitalizácia obrazu je vo všeobecnosti konverzia grafickej (analógovej) informácie do digitálneho tvaru (do zápisu pomocou čísel). Zosnímanému údaju sa priradí určitý počet bitov. Toto priradenie musí byť také, aby sa údaj z digitálnej podoby dal jednoznačne, alebo s určitým priblížením transformovať späť do analógového tvaru.

Charakteristika digitálneho obrazu

- dpi (dot per inch) - počet pixelov na palec
- dpcm (dot per centimeter) - počet pixelov na centimeter
- lpi (lines per inch) - počet riadkov na palec
  • farebný model (RGB, CMYK, CMY, ČB, odtiene sivej, LAB)
  • bitová hĺbka obrazu
  • vektorový zápis (východiskový bod, uhol, vzdialenosť)

Typy digitalizácie obrazu

Delenie podľa spôsobu snímania predlohy:

Delenie podľa priestorového vzťahu digitalizátora a predlohy:

  • kontaktná digitalizácia
  • bezkontaktná digitalizácia

Delenie podľa spôsobu získavania dát:

  • primárna digitalizácia - získanie digitálneho obrazu priamym zberom digitálnym snímacím zariadením, ako je kamera, či fotoaparát
  • sekundárna digitalizácia - získanie digitálneho obrazu digitalizovaním analógového obrazu (snímky, mapy) spravidla skenerom.

Zariadenie, ktoré slúži na digitalizáciu, sa nazýva digitalizátor, alebo digitizér, niekedy sa označuje nepresne ako skener.

Súbor metód pre získanie kartografických alebo geodetických súradníc, rozmerových súradníc stavieb, budov, miestností a jednotlivých objektov na základe analógovej, alebo digitálnej fotografie sa nazýva fotogrametria.

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