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Zirconium dioxide

"Zirconia" redirects here. For its use as a gemstone, see cubic zirconia.

Zirconium dioxide, also called zirconia, is a chemical compound of zirconium and oxygen. It has the chemical formula ZrO2.

Sources

Zirconium dioxide is normally made by separating zirconium silicate into zirconium dioxide and silicon dioxide.[1] This can happen by heating the silicate to temperatures around 1,700 °C (3,090 °F; 1,970 K),[2] or by dissolving it with sodium hydroxide or sodium carbonate, making sodium zirconate and sodium orthosilicate, which can be separated by their different solubility.[3]

Zirconium dioxide is also found in nature as the rare mineral baddeleyite.

Uses

Zirconium dioxide is a refractory ceramic, meaning it does not melt until it reaches a very high temperature. Even though it does not melt, pure zirconia has two other phase transitions that change the solid's crystal structure and volume, which can make it crack or break apart. Because of this, small amounts of other refractory ceramics like yttrium(III) oxide are added to make stabilised zirconia that does not change shape.

Cubic zirconia is a type of stabilised zirconia used as a synthetic gemstone and diamond substitute.

References

  1. ↑ Fernández-González, Daniel; Piñuela-Noval, Juan; Ruiz-Bustinza, Íñigo; González-Gasca, Carmen; Gómez-Rodríguez, Cristian; García Quiñonez, Linda Viviana; Fernández, Adolfo; Verdeja, Luis Felipe (2023). "Solar dissociation of zirconium silicate sand: A clean alternative to obtain zirconium dioxide". Journal of Cleaner Production. 420 138371. Bibcode:2023JCPro.42038371F. doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2023.138371.
  2. ↑ Kaiser, Arno; Lobert, Markus; Telle, Rainer (2008). "Thermal stability of zircon (ZrSiO4)". Journal of the European Ceramic Society. 28 (11): 2199–2211. Bibcode:2008JEuCS..28.2199K. doi:10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2007.12.040.
  3. ↑ Yadav, Abhay; Bhowmik, Debdas; Sikder, Nirmala (2012). "Direct determination of zirconium and silicon in zircon by flame atomic absorption spectrometry using two rapid decomposition methods". Analytical Methods. 4 (8): 2454. doi:10.1039/C2AY25177A.

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