for: Roman. Roman or Romans may refer to: A thing or person of or from the city of Rome, Italy Ancient Rome (8th century BC – 5th century AD) Roman Kingdom...

Roman mythology is a huge collection of stories, started in Ancient Rome, about the beginning of the world, and the lives and adventures the many Roman...

The Roman Empire ruled the Mediterranean and much of Europe, Western Asia and North Africa. The Romans conquered most of this during the Republic, and...

rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols. Roman numerals are a numeral system that was used by ancient Rome. Numbers in...

This is a list of the Roman emperors: Many of them were murdered by relatives, enemies, friends, and soldiers. Julio–Claudian dynasty Augustus Tiberius...

The Western Roman Empire was the western half of the Roman Empire, which was divided by Diocletian in 286 AD. The other half of the Roman Empire became...

survived the Roman Kingdom (753 BC–509 BC), the Roman Republic (509 BC–27 BC), the Roman Empire (27 BC–395 AD) and the fall of the Western Roman Empire (395–476...

Romanization, or Latinization, is how words from languages that normally do not use the Latin alphabet are converted into Latin letters. That allows people...

Holy Roman Emperor was the title that was given to the ruler of a loose group of places in mostly Central Europe called the Holy Roman Empire. The title...

A Roman legion was the basic military unit of the ancient Roman army in the period of the late Roman Republic and the Roman Empire. It was roughly equivalent...

Holy Roman Empire (Latin: Sacrum Imperium Romanum; German: Heiliges Römisches Reich), occasionally but unofficially referred to as the Holy Roman Empire...

Roman Polanski (born Raymond Roman Thierry Polanski, 18 August 1933) is a French-Polish movie director, producer, writer and actor. In 2003, he won the...

The Roman army is the military of ancient Rome, the forces used by the Roman Kingdom, Roman Republic and later Roman Empire. Its infantry for much of its...

A Roman consul was the highest elected political office of the Roman Republic. Each year, two consuls were elected together, to serve for a one-year term...

The Roman Republic was a phase in history of the Ancient Roman civilization. According to legend, the city of Rome was founded by Romulus in c. 750 BC...

languages. The Roman emperors were responsible for making Christianity Rome's state religion, and the Romans spread Christianity across the Roman Empire during...

during the Roman Republic and the Roman Empire and are largely based on legend. Therefore, not much is certain about the history of the Roman Kingdom. However...

A Roman villa is a country house or mansion that was built and inhabited during the Roman Republic or the Roman Empire. In general the house has a courtyard...

In Ancient Rome, several types of Roman houses existed. Those in Rome were of at least three different types ranging from tenements to mansions. Ordinary...

Roman food was mainly obtained from the Mediterranean area and Gaul (now France). Romans enjoyed foodstuffs from the trade networks of the Roman Republic...

The Greco-Roman or Graeco-Roman world, refers to geographical regions and countries who had the language, culture, government or religion of the ancient...

the Roman Republic and Roman Empire. It had diplomatic and trading links with the Romans after Julius Caesar's expeditions in 55 and 54 BC. Roman economic...

Roman roads are roads that the Romans build to make sure that messages and people could move easily round the Empire. The roads were helpful for armies...

This is a list of Roman gods and goddesses that are in Roman mythology. Apollo (Epithet: Phoebus) – The god of music, oracles, archery, medicine and the...

Roman Britain (Britannia) was the party of Great Britain in the Roman Empire from AD 43 to 409 or 410. The first invasion was led by Julius Caesar, in...

Italia, under the Roman Republic and later Empire, was the name of the Italian peninsula. Italia was the home of the capital of the Roman Empire - Rome itself...

Albania was the area of modern-day Azerbaijan. It was a client state of the Roman Empire for four centuries around the time of Christ. Its influence over...

the Roman Empire (1964) is an historical movie starring Stephen Boyd, Christopher Plummer, Sophia Loren, and Alec Guinness. It is about ancient Roman history...

Roman Čechmánek ['roman 'ʧɛxma:nɛk] (March 2, 1971 in Gottwaldov (now called Zlín), Czechoslovakia – 12 November 2023) was a Czech professional ice hockey...

The Latin or Roman script is a writing system used to write many modern-day languages including English. It is the most used writing system in the world...

The First Jewish–Roman War was the first and biggest of the Jewish–Roman wars in the Judaea province. It is often called The Great Revolt. It happened...

Roman law is the name used for a system of laws used by the Roman Empire. It started with the twelve tablets of civil law, 749 BC. After the law code...

The Roman Theatre is an ancient Roman theatre in Cartagena, Spain. The theatre was built between 5 BC and 1 BC. Media related to Ancient Roman theatre...

Roman expeditions to Lake Chad and western Africa were a group of military and commercial expeditions conducted by the Roman Empire across the Sahara Desert...

term used for the Roman border defence in Germany. It marks the borders of the Roman Empire, though it was not used by the Romans for this purpose. The...

Ľubomír Roman (12 April 1944 – 14 March 2022) was a Slovak politician and actor. He was a member of the Christian Democratic Movement. He was Minister...

Jewish–Roman Wars is the name given to a number of revolts of Jews in the province of Judea in the Roman Empire. These were directed against the Roman rule...

(born May 25, 1985 in Pensacola, Florida), better known by his ring name Roman Reigns, is an American professional wrestler and former American football...

word province in modern English came from the term used by the Romans. Early Imperial Roman provinces, at livius.org Archived 2006-06-16 at the Wayback Machine...

The Roman Curia (Latin Curia Romanae) is usually called "The Curia". It is the cabinet of Vatican City and the Roman Catholic Church. Parts of The Curia...

Fall of the Roman Empire is the short title of an important book by the 18th century English historian Edward Gibbon. The book traces the Roman Empire and...

The Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Chicago (Latin: Archidioecesis Chicagiensis) was established as a diocese in 1843 and as an archdiocese in 1880. This...

Judea was a small third-class province in the Roman Empire. It occupied the same area as modern Israel and Palestine. For centuries Judea had been under...

The Roman calendar was a lunar calendar used by the Roman Kingdom and the Roman Republic. The year started on 1 March and had only 304 days or 10 months...

The Roman roads in Britain are built for the Roman aqueducts, and for the Roman army, one of the most impressive features of the Roman Empire in Britain...

The Roman Catholic Church is the largest Christian church in the world. It has over one billion members, and is the world's largest religious group. Its...

Japanese uses the Roman alphabet as well as kanji, hiragana, and katakana. Romanized text being used for Japanese words, for example for computers, is...

Byzantine Empire, also formally called the Eastern Roman Empire, was the continuation of the Roman Empire primarily in its eastern provinces that survived...

Hispania was the Roman name for the Iberian Peninsula and its provinces. Under the Roman Republic, Hispania was divided into two provinces: Hispania Citerior...

Roman Weidenfeller (born 6 August 1980) is a German football player. He plays for Borussia Dortmund. "Roman Weidenfeller - 2017/2018". Fussballdaten....

Roman Wales is the area of modern Wales that was under Roman Empire control. Roman Wales was an area of south western Britannia under Roman Empire control...

Hepburn romanization (Japanese: ヘボン式ローマ字, Hepburn: Hebon-shiki Rōmaji; 'Hepburn-type Roman letters') is a system of Japanese romanization. It uses the...

The Roman Forum is an area of the city of Rome which the ancient city developed around. It is the place where commerce, business, cult, and the administration...

The Revised Romanization of Korean is what South Korea uses to turn their writing system into the Roman alphabet. It is meant to replace the McCune–Reischauer...

Saturn (Latin: Sāturnus) is a Roman god of agriculture. In Roman mythology, Saturn is the father of Ceres, Jupiter, Veritas, and others. He is associated...

Roman Herzog (5 April 1934 – 10 January 2017) was a German politician (CDU). He was President of Germany from 1994 to 1999. He studied law in Munich,...

Roman Anatolyevich Pavlyuchenko (Russian: Роман Анатольевич Павлюченко; born 15 December 1981) is a former Russian footballer who played as a striker...

The Roman province of Dacia was in the Balkans. It included Transylvania, Banat and Oltenia in the modern Romania, and Muntenia and southern Moldova....

Roman à clef (said like it rhymes with "a don a day") means "novel with a key" in French. It is a phrase used for talking about literature and movies...

also was Francis II, Holy Roman Emperor (in German language: Franz II, Heiliger Römischer Kaiser). He was the last Holy Roman Emperor, ruling from 1792...

Film Roman, LLC is an American independent animation studio. It is currently based in Woodland Hills, California and formerly in Burbank. Get in Line...

Sub-Roman Britain is the name given to Britain after the Roman legions left. It usually means the time between 410 AD and the beginning of the seventh...

Susan Roman (born April 12, 1957) is a Canadian voice actress and voice director, best known for voice acting the role of Lita/Sailor Jupiter in the Canada...

the Roman Empire is a World Heritage Site. The site includes three walls in different parts of Europe. They were part of the frontiers of the Roman Empire...

Roman Abramovich (born October 24, 1966 in Saratov, Russia) is a Russian-British businessman. Roman Abramovich was born in Saratov, in the former Soviet...

Roman Vishniac (/ˈvɪʃni.æk/; Russian: Рома́н Соломо́нович Вишня́к; August 19, 1897 – January 22, 1990) was a Russian-American photographer and a biologist...

Petre Roman (Romanian pronunciation: [ˈpetre ˈroman]; born 22 July 1946) is a Romanian engineer and politician. He was Prime Minister of Romania from...

Roman art was created in Ancient Rome. It includes architecture, painting, sculptures and mosaic work. It was most prolific from about the first to the...

Lulu Roman (or Bertha Louise Hable; May 6, 1946 – April 23, 2025) was an American comedian and singer. She acted in the television comedy Hee Haw. She...

Roman Wallner (born 4 February 1982 in Graz, Styria) is a former Austrian footballer. He played as striker. He started playing football in his hometown...

Fishbourne Roman Palace (or Fishbourne Villa) is a huge Roman villa from the 1st century AD, about thirty years after the Roman conquest of Britain. It...

Nancy Grace Roman (May 16, 1925 – December 25, 2018) was an American astronomer. She was one of the first female executives at NASA. She was known to...

April 748 – 28 January 814) was the King of the Franks and the first Holy Roman Emperor. He was crowned as emperor on Christmas Day in 800. He was the older...

Roman Patkoló (born 6 February 1982 in Zilina, Slovakia) is a Slovak virtuoso double bass player. Patkoló started to play the double bass when he was...

Roman affairs, and the need for Roman law to deal with situations between Roman citizens and foreign persons. The ius gentium was therefore a Roman legal...

Roman dodecahedron is the name for dodecahedra which were found in Europe. In total, over hundred such objects were found in all European parts of the...

Archduchess Maria Anna (1738-1789). Archduchess Maria Caroline (1740-1741). Holy Roman Emperor Joseph II (1741-1790) Archduchess Maria Christina, Duchess of Teschen...

Roman Syria (Latin: Provincia Syria; Greek: ἐπαρχία Συρίας) was a province of the Roman Republic, and later, the Roman Empire. The Romans gained it in...

The Streamlined System for the Romanization of Bulgarian is a system of transliteration of the Bulgarian alphabet created by Lyubomir Ivanov in the Institute...

Roman Schramseis (29 March 1906 in Vienna – 10 December 1988) was an Austrian footballer. He played as defender mainly for SK Rapid Wien. He also played...

The Roman Theatre of Orange (French: Théâtre antique d'Orange) is a Roman theatre in Orange, Vaucluse, France. It was built early in the 1st century AD...

Roman Yurievich Lyashenko (May 1, 1979 – July 7, 2003) was a Russian professional ice hockey centre. Lyashenko played two seasons in the National Hockey...

Balthasar Felician; Hungarian: I. Lipót; 9 June 1640 – 5 May 1705) was the Holy Roman Emperor, King of Hungary, Croatia, and Bohemia. This short article about...

Times New Roman is a serif typeface. It was made for legibility (easy reading) in body text. It was created by the British newspaper The Times in 1931...

The Roman Walls of Lugo (Spanish, Galician: Muralla Romana de Lugo) were constructed in the 3rd century AD. The walls were created as late Roman Empire...

On September 29, 2023, the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Baltimore asked a court to let them not pay some of their debts. They asked for this so the Maryland...

Charles VI (1 October 1685 – 20 October 1740) was Holy Roman Emperor from 12 October 1711 to 20 October 1740. He was emperor after his elder brother,...

Roman Urdu is the name used for the Urdu language written with the Roman alphabet. It is used by a number of Urdu-speakers on the internet and computers...

Roman Turek (born May 21, 1970 in Strakonice, Czechoslovakia — now the Czech Republic) is a professional ice hockey goaltender, who played for the Dallas...

Roman Olehovych Yaremchuk (Ukrainian: Роман Олегович Яремчук; born 27 November 1995) is a Ukrainian professional footballer who plays as a striker for...

The Roman province of Africa was established after the Romans defeated Carthage in the Third Punic War. It roughly includeded the territory of present-day...

Henry IV (1050–1106) was King of Germany from 1056 and Holy Roman Emperor from 1084, till he was forced to step down in 1105. He was the third emperor...

Roman Jacek Giertych (born February 27, 1971 in Śrem) is a former Minister of Education in Poland. Roman Giertych comes from a family of Polish politicians...

Ancient Roman culture grew through the almost 1200 years of Rome's civilization. The Romans conquered many people and brought back from their wars many...

(26 December 1194 – 13 December 1250), was one of the most powerful Holy Roman Emperors of the Middle Ages and head of the House of Hohenstaufen. His political...

Roman Dragoun (born 8 April 1956) is a Czech singer, songwriter and keyboardist. He is a member of the band Progres 2. He was a member between 1980 and...

Roman Pindel (born 18 November 1958) is a Polish Roman Catholic Bishop. He has been the Bishop of Bielsko-Żywiec since 2014. Roman Pindel was born on 18...

seating for 50,000 people. It is the biggest amphitheatre built by the Roman Empire, and the largest in the world. The Colosseum is in Rome, the capital...

Romanization of Greek is a way to write the Greek language (either Ancient or Modern Greek) with the Roman alphabet. That can be done by mapping either...

13 July 1024), called the Holy or the Saint, was the fifth and last Holy Roman Emperor of the Saxon or Ottonian dynasty. This short article about a person or...

in 1506, his grandfarther Ferdinand II of Aragon raised him. He was Holy Roman Emperor from 1556, King of Bohemia, Hungary, and Croatia from 1526, and...

Charles V (24 February 1500 – 21 September 1558) was Holy Roman Emperor from 1519, King of Castile and Aragon from 1516, and Lord of the Low Countries...

Greco-Roman wrestling is a form of wrestling. Unlike with other forms, holds are mostly forbidden, so the focus lies in throws. This form has been an...

January 888) was the King of Alemannia from 876, King of Italy from 879, Holy Roman Emperor (as Charles III) from 881, King of East Francia from 882, and King...

Roman Andreyevich Kartsev (Russian: Рома́н Андре́евич Ка́рцев, born Roman Antshelevich Katz (Russian: Рома́н А́ншелевич Кац); 20 May 1939 – 2 October...

Roman–Hunnic Wars was a series of the wars between the Hunas (Hunnics) and the Roman Empire (East and West). The Huns appeared in Europe after crossing...

Roman temples were an important part of Rome's history. They had many types of columns all around their exterior. They were used for religious ceremonies...

Romans is a commune. It is found in the region Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes in the Ain department in the east of France. This short article about a place or feature...

King of Hungary from 1625, King of Croatia and Bohemia from 1627 and Holy Roman Emperor from 1637 to 1657. Ferdinand was born in Graz and grew up in Carinthia...

Roman Josi (born June 1, 1990) is a Swiss ice hockey defenceman. He currently plays for the Nashville Predators of the National Hockey League (NHL). Before...

Roman-Taras Yosypovych Shukhevych (June 30, 1907 – March 5, 1950) was a Ukrainian politician, military leader and general of the Ukrainian Insurgent Army...

Pink Friday: Roman Reloaded is the second studio album by Trinidadian-American rapper Nicki Minaj; it was released on April 2, 2012, by Young Money, Cash...

17, 1970) better known as Tami Roman, is an American television personality, model, businesswoman and actress. Roman first gained fame on The Real World:...

Roman Grigoryevich Viktyuk (Russian: Роман Григорьевич Виктюк, Ukrainian: Роман Григорович Віктюк, romanized: Roman Hryhorovych Viktiuk; October 28, 1936...

The Epistle to the Romans or Letter to the Romans, is one of the letters written by the Apostle Paul to churches in different cities. Here, the letter...

The Roman Catholic Diocese of Stockholm (Latin: Dioecesis Holmiensis; Swedish: Stockholms katolska stift) is a Roman Catholic ecclesiastical territory...

Roman Stanisław Dmowski (Polish: [ˈrɔman staˈɲiswaf ˈdmɔfski], 9 August 1864 – 2 January 1939) was a Polish politician and co-founder of the National Democracy...

Latin was used in the 1st century BC and was the official language of the Roman Empire. It was widely used in the western part of the Mediterranean. The...

Roman Alexandrovich Golovchenko (Belarusian: Раман Аляксандравіч Галоўчэнка, romanized: Raman Aliaksandravič Haloŭčenka, Russian: Роман Александрович Головченко;...

Rome, also known as the Greco-Roman world or Western world. Classical antiquity is the period in which Ancient Greek and Roman literature, such as those of...

Ferdinand II (9 July 1578 (NS: 19 July 1578) — 19 February 1637) was the Holy Roman Emperor, King of Bohemia, Hungary, and Croatia from 1619 to 1637 He was...

was the first Roman Emperor, ruling from 27 BC until his death in AD 14. He led Rome in its transition from the Roman Republic to the Roman Empire. When...

Letícia Román (born 12 August 1941) is an Italian actress. She was born in Rome. Román had her first leading role in the movie The Girl Who Knew Too Much...

Roman Kłosowski (14 February 1929 – 11 June 2018) was a Polish actor. He starred in Shadow (Cień) in 1956, which entered into the 1956 Cannes Film Festival...

Juan Román Riquelme (born 24 June 1978) is an Argentine former football player and current vice-president of Boca Juniors. Appearances and goals by national...

Roman Sergeevich Madyanov (Russian: Рома́н Серге́евич Мадя́нов; 22 July 1962 – 25 September 2024) was a Soviet and Russian actor. His career began as...

44 BC) was a military commander, politician and author at the end of the Roman Republic. Caesar became a member of the First Triumvirate. When that broke...

Nabila Román Arroyo (born May 21, 1988) is a Mexican archer. Román competed at the 2008, 2012, 2016, and the 2020 Summer Olympics. Aída Román This short...

Roman Polák (born April 28, 1986) is a Czech ice hockey defenceman. He currently plays for the HC Vítkovice of the Czech Extraliga (ELH). He has also...

km². The name Iberia is the Ancient Greek name for the region which the Romans called Hispania. Hispania is now used for Spain, while Iberia is used for...

Matilda of Ringelheim, was Duke of the Saxons, King of the Germans and Holy Roman Emperor from 962 until his death in 973. He was succeeded by his son Otto...

and Adelheid of Alsace. He was elected king in 1024. He was crowned Holy Roman Emperor on 26 March 1027. He was the first emperor of the Salian Dynasty...

Chinese postal romanization was the old way of spelling Chinese place names in the Roman alphabet until the 1980s, when Hanyu Pinyin became the standard...

January 1745) was Prince-elector of Bavaria (from 26 February 1726) and Holy Roman Emperor (from 24 January 1742) until his death in 1745. He was also King...

Amalia, Holy Roman Empress (German: Maria Amalia Josefa Anna; 22 October 1701 — 11 December 1756) was the daughter of Joseph I, Holy Roman Emperor and...

England. When the Romans built the wall, it was the northern border of the Roman Empire. The Roman legions (armies) of the governor of Roman Britain, Platorius...

Roman Sitko (1880-1942) is a Catholic blessed. He was a Polish priest that worked in Poland in Tarnów and Mielec. He died in Auschwitz. This short article...

Roman Mählich (born 17 September 1971) is an Austrian football manager and a former player. He played for different Austrian football clubs as midfielder...

1575-1608/1611), Archduke of Austria (as Rudolf V, 1576-1608), and Holy Roman Emperor (as Rudolf II, 1576-1612). He was a member of the Habsburg family...

Roman Szewczyk (born 18 March 1965 in Bytom) is a former Polish football player. He played 37 times for Poland, scoring 3 goals. Roman Szewczyk started...

{September 24, 15-December 22, AD 69} was later known as Vitellius was an Roman Emperor and general for eight months from 16 April to 22 December 69. Vitellius...

Roman Malinowski (26 February 1935 – 31 August 2021) was a Polish politician and economist. He was a member of the Sejm between 1976 until 1989. From...

Mediterranean for the Roman Republic, which wanted to take over the whole region. Carthage was a large obstacle and so in 264 BC, the Romans responded to a plea...

(the Alps). Romans conquered the area in 25 BC. Later, the city was conquered by the Frankish Empire after the fall of the Western Roman Empire. Finally...

A dictator was the senior magistrate of the Roman Republic. They were regularly appointed from the earliest period of the Republic down to the Second...

245 people. People believe that Colchester is the oldest Roman town in England. Before Roman times, Colchester was Camulodunon. This is a Celtic name...

Western Roman Empire fell during the 5th and 6th centuries the bishops of the Church took over many of the administrative roles of the former Roman prefects...

Constantinople (Greek: Κωνσταντινούπολις, romanized: Kōnstantinoúpolis; Latin: Constantinopolis) was the capital city of the Roman Empire from 330 AD and later what...

Titus (Titus Flavius Vespasianus, 30 December 39 – 13 September 81) was the Roman Emperor from 79 to 81. A member of the Flavian dynasty, Titus succeeded...

Celts began to form the first states. The Romans came 15 BC to Austria and made the Celtic Regnum Noricum to a Roman province. What is now Austria, was part...

Constantine I (27 February 272 – 22 May 337 AD) was a Roman emperor from 306 until he died. He was emperor for longer than any other emperor since Augustus...

Audun-le-Roman (Lorrain: Audeu, German: Welsch-Oth) is a commune in the Meurthe-et-Moselle department in northeastern France. "Populations légales 2019"...

Romanization or Latinization of Ukrainian is how to write the Ukrainian language in Latin letters. Latin letters are the type that are currently used for...

Roman Stanley Gribbs (December 29, 1925 – April 5, 2016) was an American politician. He was the Mayor of Detroit from 1970 to 1974. Later, Gribbs served...

Trajan (Marcus Ulpius Nerva Traianus, 18 September 53 – 9 August 117) was Roman Emperor from 98 to 117. Born in the province of Hispania Baetica into an...

years. The ancient Romans used the word centuria to describe a group of about one hundred soldiers, organized into a single unit. The Roman numeral for 100...

Otho Caesar Augustus, 28 April 32 –16 April 69 ) was a Roman military commander who became Roman Emperor in 69 CE. He led a coup against the Emperor Galba...

constitutional monarchy. The English word comes from Latin, the language of the old Roman Empire. At first, an imperator was a powerful general (army leader) but...

around 1200 B.C. in Austria. The name 'Celt' comes from the Greeks. The Romans called them "Gauls". They came from the Hallstatt and La Tène cultures....

Roman Dmitriyevich Protasevich or Raman Dzmitryevich Pratasevich (Russian: Роман Дмитриевич Протасевич; Belarusian: Раман Дзмітрыевіч Пратасевіч; born...

present-day Austria and was a remnant of the Holy Roman Empire which collapsed on 1806. The last Holy Roman Emperor, Francis II, became Francis I of Austria...

Marcus Aurelius Antoninus (26 April 121 – 17 March 180) was Roman Emperor from 161 to 180. He ruled with Lucius Verus as co-Emperor from 161 until Verus'...

Severus (Lucius Septimius Severus, 11 April 145 AD – 4 February 211) was Roman Emperor from 193 AD to 211. Severus was born in Leptis Magna in the province...

The Roman Catholic Church in Canada is part of the world wide Catholic Church. As of 2008, it was the third largest religious body in Canada. Over 13...

Roman Candle is the debut studio album by singer-songwriter Elliott Smith. It was not originally going to be released, but when Cavity Search Records...

was the horned god of the forest, plains, horned animals, and fields in Roman mythology. When he made cattle fertile he was called Inuus. Many of his...

starting on Monday in the Julian calendar. August 6 – The last Holy Roman Emperor quits, ending the Holy Roman Empire and founding the Austrian Empire....

395), also called Theodosius the Great, was Roman emperor from 379 to 395. He was a general in the Roman army and the son of another general, Theodosius...

in Roman Britain led by Boudica (60 or 61) Great fire of Rome, 64 Great Jewish Revolt against Roman occupation begins (66–73) The suicide of Roman Emperor...

(49–45 BC) in the Roman Republic against the Roman Senate. He becomes dictator for life. Julius Caesar, Roman dictator, is killed by 23 Roman people. Some...

This is a list of Roman Catholic cathedrals in Spain. Cathedrals of the Roman Catholic Church in Spain: GCatholic.org: Cathedrals Spain...

began on 1 January 10 and ended on 31 December 19. Caesar Augustus, Roman Emperor (27 BC – 14). Tiberius, Roman Emperor (14–37). Germanicus, Roman General...

the number of people of the city area of Rome at 3.47 million. When the Roman Empire was new, Rome was called the Eternal City because it was already...

Roman Forest is a city in Montgomery County, Texas, United States. As of the 2020 United States census, 1,781 people lived there. Council Members. City...

Charles IV (Charles John; 14 May 1316 – 29 November 1378) was the Holy Roman emperor from 1355 until his death in 1378. He was made King of Germany in...

Roman emperor who reigned from 14 September 81 until his death in AD 96. Domitian was the last emperor of the Flavian dynasty, which ruled the Roman Empire...

Roman Vladimirovich Kutuzov (Russian: Роман Владимирович Кутузов; 16 February 1969 – 5 June 2022) was a Russian lieutenant general. He was killed during...

At that time, they were against some parts of Roman Catholicism. Together with Eastern Orthodoxy and Roman Catholicism, Protestantism became one of the...

Roman Kienast (born 29 March 1984) is a former Austrian professional footballer. He played as striker for different clubs in Austria and Norway. He also...

396 BC. People living in this civilization called themselves Rasenna. The Romans called the people Etrusci or Tusci. The Ancient Greeks called them Tyrrhenoi...

Nerva (Marcus Cocceius Nerva, 8 November 30 – 25 January 98) was Roman Emperor from 96 to 98. Nerva became emperor at the age of sixty-five, after a lifetime...

Baalbek (/ˈbɑːlbɛk, ˈbeɪəlbɛk/; Arabic: بَعْلَبَكّ, romanized: Baʿlabakk; Syriac-Aramaic: ܒܥܠܒܟ) is a city located east of the Litani River in Lebanon's...

November 1780) was the only female ruler of the Habsburg Dynasty of the Holy Roman Empire. Maria Theresa was queen of Hungary and Bohemia, archduchess of Austria...

Nauportus is plundered by a mutinous Roman legion. Tiberius succeeds his stepfather Augustus as Emperor of the Roman Empire. Legions on the Rhine revolt...

Maximilian II (31 July 1527 – 12 October 1576) was Holy Roman Emperor from 1564 until his death. A member of the House of Habsburg, he became King of...

and the nearby countries started hating the rest of the Holy Roman Empire. The Holy Roman Empire wanted to stop them from doing so, to fight Bohemia, and...

third Roman Emperor. He reigned from AD 37-41. After only four years of ruling, he was assassinated by members of his bodyguard and the Roman Senate...

Arrius Antoninus, 19 September 86 – 7 March 161), or simply Antoninus, was Roman Emperor from 138 to 161. As a private citizen between 110 and 115, he married...

is an elected office It originates from Rome. In 509 BC, the Romans overthrew the Roman Kingdom and established a republic, a government in which citizens...

Saint-Roman-de-Malegarde is a commune. It is found in the region Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur in the Vaucluse department in the south of France. This short...

Marcus Licinius Crassus (c. 115 BC – 53 BC) was a Roman general and politician. He commanded the left wing of Sulla's army at the Battle of the Colline...

1073–3 December 1154), born Corrado di Suburra, was an Italian cleric of the Roman Catholic Church. He was the 169th Pope from 1153 until his death in 1154...

Joseph (Hebrew: יוסף, romanized: Yosef; Greek: Ἰωσήφ, romanized: Ioséph) is a figure in the Gospels, the husband of Mary, the mother of Jesus and the...

This is a list of containing Roman sites in Spain. Archaeological Ensemble of Acinipo Archaeological site of Can Modolell Archaeological Park of Carranque...

some of its Roman remains and its 18th century architecture. The city gets its name from the famous Roman baths in the town. The Romans built the baths...

The Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Edmonton is a Roman Catholic archdiocese in Alberta. It was created in 1912. The archdiocese covers Central Alberta...

Verstappen (Titus Flavius Vespasianus, 17 November 9 AD – 23 June 79), was Roman Emperor from 69 AD to 79. Vespasian was the founder of the Flavian dynasty...

years in European history. They took place between the end of the Western Roman Empire in 476 CE when Romulus Augustulus was deposed, and the beginning...

Diocletian (Gaius Aurelius Valerius Diocletianus, about 245 to about 312) was Roman Emperor from 20 November 284 to 11 May 305. He was born in Dalmatia of poor...

auxiliry troops seperate from the Roman legions under the pretense of wanting to gather more allies. Day 1: The Roman legions bypass the northern Wiehen...

traditions of Christianity which mainly represented by the Latin Rite of the Roman Catholic Church, and most non-Eastern Protestant denominations. Protestantism...

comes from the Latin word civis meaning someone who lives in a city. The Romans usually wanted conquered people to live in towns. When people are civilized...

The Roman emperor Claudius is murdered in (54). Nero be comes emperor. Buddhism comes to China through the Emperor Ming of Han China Claudius, Roman Emperor...

is a large, important church. The word can also be used for an Ancient Roman building that was used for law and meetings. The word "basilica" is Latin...

fortification built across northern Great Britain by the Roman Empire in the middle 2nd century. The Roman emperor Antoninus Pius built the wall to control barbarians:...

them lived at the northern borders of the Rhine. They entered the late Roman Empire from the northern and eastern river banks of the Rhine into modern-day...

China Alexandria, Egypt Butler, R. M. (1958). "The Roman Walls of le Mans". The Journal of Roman Studies. 48 (1/2): 33–39. doi:10.2307/298210. JSTOR 298210...

form of Chritianity that is sometimes seen as being the middle way between Roman Catholicism and Protestantism and so is not always thought of as a form...

to 1790 he was grand duke of Tuscany. From 1790 to 1792 he was the Holy Roman Emperor, and king of Bohemia, Croatia and Hungary. He had a policy of Enlightenment...

The Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Concepción (Latin: Archidiœcesis Sanctissimae Conceptionis) is an archdiocese in Concepción, Chile. It was established...

Pliny the Elder, was a Roman author, naturalist, and natural philosopher, as well as naval and army commander of the early Roman Empire, and personal friend...

Roman Romanovich Wreden (born March 21 [O.S. March 9] 1867) was a Russian and Soviet physician. Wreden was born on March 21st, 1867. However, some sources...

Benedictus Quintus;   -died July 4, 965), was an Italian deacon of the Roman Catholic Church and the 133rd Pope for five weeks in 964. Benedict was known...

Called Latin: jus civile is was the civil law during the Roman Republic and the later Roman Empire. It started in the 2nd century BC. By the end of the...

merchants and thieves in Ancient Roman religion and myth. Son of Jupiter and Maia, Mercury was a major god in Roman state religion, being a member of...

Italian priest of the Roman Catholic Church and the 221st Pope from 1534 to 1549. Alessandro Farnese was born in an ancient Roman family. His grandfather...

Roman Zhuravskyi (Ukrainian: Роман Петрович Журавський; 3 June 1948 – 19 February 2017) was a Ukrainian professional football player who played as defender...

many churches, such as the Roman Catholic Church, the Eastern Orthodox Churches and the Anglican Communion of churches. The Roman Catholic Church has the...

Italian priest of the Roman Catholic Church and the 251st Pope from 1775 to 1799. Pope Clement XIII named him treasurer of the Roman Church in 1766. In 1775...

Germania was a Roman name originally given to a tribe of people who lived along the Rhine River. They were a Teutonic people, who were first mentioned...

under mounds, such as that of Greenhouse Aurouze. A Gallic oppidum, a pre-Roman town protected with a fort, was a feature on the massive Malpas and along...

November 6, 1406), born Cosimo de' Migliorati, was an Italian cleric of the Roman Catholic Church and the 205th Pope from 1404 until his death in 1406. Migliorati...

the Roman Catholic Church and the 94th Pope from May 29, 757 to June 28, 767. He was the brother of Pope Stephen II. Paul was ordained as a Roman deacon...

referred to Ancient Greece and the Aegean. During the Roman Empire, it meant the Western Roman Empire (covering the area from Croatia to Britain). At...

Julius Caesar Augustus, 16 November 42 BC – 16 March 37 AD) was the second Roman Emperor. He ruled from 14 CE to 37 CE. He was the step-son of Caesar Augustus...

themselves). Romans kill Cleopatra's son and co-ruler (this means they ruled the country together) Ptolemy XV Caesarion. Egypt becomes part of the Roman Republic...

The Roman emperor Caligula assassinated (41), succeeded by his uncle Claudius Roman conquest of Britain begins under Aulus Plautius, 43...

1024), born Teofillato or Theophylactus, was an Italian cleric of the Roman Catholic Church and the 144th Pope from 1012 to 1024. Teofillato was the...

(214–275 AD) was Roman emperor from 270 to 275. Aurelian (Latin: Lucius Domitius Aurelianus) came from the Balkans, part of the Roman Empire. He was a...

North Africa and the Near East fell under increasing domination by the Roman Empire. It continued expanding under the emperor Claudius (43). The reforms...

from the Greek letter chi and stands as the Roman letters H and X. Χ, χ - Chi (Greek) H, h (Roman) X, x (Roman) This short article about Europe can be made...

a Carthaginian statesman and general who was the greatest enemy of the Roman Republic. He was the son of Hamilcar Barca, a Carthaginian general who taught...

from the Greek letter rho and stands for the Roman letter R. Ρ, ρ - Rho (Greek) R, r (Roman) R, p (Roman) This short article about Europe can be made...

Classical period of history. After having won the Second Punic War, the Roman Republic continued expanding by conquering neighbouring territories. It...

came from the Greek letter nu and stands for the Roman N. Ν, ν - Nu (Greek) N, n (Roman) H, h (Roman) This short article about Europe can be made longer...

Greek letter pi and stands for the Roman letter P. П, п - Pi (Greek) P, p (Roman) Р, р - Er (Cyrillic) N, n (Roman) This short article about Europe can...

was Eastern Roman Emperor from 527 until his death. He is considered a saint by Eastern Orthodox Christians. Justinian simplified Roman laws. These are...

the Greek letter upsilon and stands for the Roman letter U. Υ, υ - Upsilon (Greek) U, u (Roman) Y, y (Roman) This short article about Europe can be made...

god of water and the sea in ancient Roman religion and mythology. His Greek equivalent is the god Poseidon. The Roman conception of Neptune was mainly influenced...

Julius Caesar, Roman politician and general (lived 100–44 BC) Pharaoh Cleopatra VII of Egypt (lived 70/69 – 30 BC, ruled 51–30 BC). Pompey, Roman general (lived...

the Greek letter sigma and stands for the Roman letter S. Σ, σ, ς - Sigma (Greek) S, s (Roman) C, c (Roman) This short article about Europe can be made...

Germanic tribes won a major victory over three Roman legions. The Germanic tribes were led by Arminius, the Roman legions by Publius Quinctilius Varus. It was...

Greek: Μαρκιανός Markianós; c. 392 – 26 January 457) was Roman emperor in the east of the Roman Empire from 450 to 457 AD. He was a soldier who worked for...

he found out that Barbarossa was to be king and also Emperor of the Holy Roman Empire. In 1156, he married Lady Beatrix. They had many children. Frederick...

The Roman Catholic, Eastern Orthodox, Oriental Orthodox, and Lutheran Churches, as well as the Anglican Communion, consider Simon Peter a saint. Roman Catholics...

is one of the most famous cities in the world. It was the capital of the Roman Empire. Other famous cities in Italy include Venice, Naples, Turin, Genoa...

of ten. This is called the decimal number system. In Roman numerals, 10 is written as X. "Roman Numerals 1-10 Chart". www.romannumerals.org. Retrieved...

other). Both were among the loosely-defined Germanic tribes that fought the Roman Empire during the migration period. Most famously, a Visigothic force, led...

was a force of bodyguards used by Roman Emperors. The title was first used for the guards of generals in the Roman Republic. Their commander, the Praetorian...

North Macedonia (Macedonian: Северна Македонија, romanized: Severna Makedonija; officially the Republic of North Macedonia), is a country located on the...

Germanicus Caesar (24 May 15 BC – 10 October 19 AD) was a Roman general. He was the son of the general Nero Claudius Drusus, and nephew of Emperor Tiberius...

The Roman Catholic Diocese of Calgary is a Catholic diocese in the province of Alberta, Canada. It covers the Calgary Region, southern Alberta, and part...

years of Roman rule, the province of Dalmatia would become Romanized. The Roman invaders mixed with the natives. Their descendants adopted a Roman lifestyle...

I (26 July 1678, Vienna, Austria – 17 April 1711, Vienna) who was Holy Roman Emperor from 1705 until his death in 1711, who unsuccessfully fought to...

the Holy Roman Emperor from 1111 until his death in 1125. He was succeeded by Lothair of Supplinburg. Henry was the son of Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor...

In Roman mythology, Venus is the goddess of love and beauty. She was the Roman version of the Greek Aphrodite and Etruscan Turan. Her cult began in Ardea...

350 and ended on 31 December 359. Constantius II, Roman Emperor Magnentius, Roman usurper Julian, Roman Emperor for more information, see Category:350s...

larger and older Western denominations which are not the Roman Catholic Church. Holy Roman Empire Lutheranism Protestant Reformation Western churches...

Vietnam. November 3 – Lucan, Roman poet December 30 – Titus Flavius, Roman emperor (79–81) Julia Drusilla, daughter of current Roman Emperor Caligula Britannicus...

The Roman Catholic Diocese of Balanga (Latin: Dioecesis Balangensis) is a Roman Catholic diocese having jurisdiction in the province of Bataan, Philippines...

Probus (19 August 232 – September 282) was Roman emperor from 276 to 282. Probus (Latin: Marcus Aurelius Probus) was born in Sirmium (Sremska Mitrovica...

line of latitude rather than longitude. The mile was first used by the Romans. It comes from the Latin phrase mille passus (plural: milia passuum). This...

Caesar Augustus, Roman Emperor, r. 27 BC–14 AD Gaius Caesar, Roman general Livy, Roman historian Ovid, Roman poet Quirinius, Roman nobleman and politician...

and destroyed. Then the Romans rebuilt the city, and London became an important trading hub. After the decline of the Roman Empire, few people remained...

Marcus Claudius Tacitus (c. 200–July 276) was Roman emperor from 275 to 276 AD. Tacitus (Latin: Marcus Claudius Tacitus) was probably born around 200...

lost its nationhood to the Romans in the 1st century BC, by becoming first a tributary kingdom, then a province, of the Roman Empire. The first interference...

climate classification). The city was founded by the Romans in the year 50 AD. Before that, it was a Roman castle ("castellum") and a town inhabited by a local...

settled Scythia, Dacia and parts of Moesia and Asia Minor, fought with the Roman Empire and later adopted Arianism (a form of Christianity). In the 4th and...

The Crisis of the Third Century (235–284 AD) was a period in which the Roman Empire almost ended because of invasions, civil war, plague, and economic...

During the Roman Empire, Plutarch wrote Parallel Lives about ancient Greek and Roman politicians, and Suetonius wrote biographies of the Roman emperors...

476), often called Romulus Augustulus ("little Augustus"), was a Western Roman Emperor. He reigned from 31 October, 475 to 4 September, 476 when Odoacer...

rituals of the service are similar to the Eucharist in the Roman Catholic Church. In 395, the Roman Empire was split into a western part and an eastern part...

Rosa González Román (23 July 1942 – 21 January 2019) was a Chilean journalist and politician. She was a Deputy from 11 March 1998 to 11 March 2006. She...

Latin is the form of Latin that was used by the Ancient Romans in official Roman records, the Roman army, and Latin literature. Its use helped the Golden...

The Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Onitsha (Latin: Archidioecesis Onitshan(us)) was established on 18th April, 1950. Leadership: Valerian Okeke, Archbishop...

dialectal variant wean. The history of the city goes back to the Roman Empire. The Romans started a military camp called Vindobona. The camp was in today's...

France. The name of the commune was first mentioned in 1222. Gavrus was a Roman cognomen.[source?] The population has grown because Gavrus is close to Caen...

Roman Vladimirovich Starovoyt (Russian: Роман Владимирович Старовойт; 20 January 1972 – 7 July 2025) was a Russian politician who was Minister of Transport...

Christians in the Roman Empire. The torture and killings of Christians continued in the Roman Empire until the 4th century AD. Even though the Roman Emperor Constantine...

Britain. Before the Romans arrived, what is now England, was actually twenty two tribes.[source?] Following the collapse of the Roman Empire in Britain...

Breakspeare, was Pope from 1154 to 1159. Breakspear was an English priest of the Roman Catholic Church and the 170th Pope. He was, before Pope Leo XIV, the only...

in Germania. An earthquake in Anatolia destroys the city of Sardis. Ovid, Roman poet (or 18) Livy, Roman historian Gaius Julius Hyginus, Roman writer...

1484), originally Francesco della Rovere, was an Italian priest of the Roman Catholic Church and the 213th Pope from 1471 until his death in 1484. He...

August 1590), born Felice Peretti di Montalto, was an Italian priest of the Roman Catholic Church and the 228th Pope from 1585 to 1590. Felice Peretti was...

of peace in the Roman Empire. "Pax" means "peace" in the Latin language; "Romana" means "Roman" in Latin. So, "Pax Romana" means "Roman peace." the Pax...

February 999), also known as Bruno of Carinthia, was a German priest of the Roman Catholic Church and the 139th Pope from 3 May 996 to 18 February 999. Bruno...

Konkani people from Karnataka use Kannada script. Christains in Goa use Roman script. Konkani Muslims use Arabic script. Konkani people from Kerala use...

November 461), also known as Leo the Great, was an Italian priest of the Roman Catholic Church and the 45th Pope from 29 September 440 to his death on...

McCune-Reischauer romanization (Maek'yun-Raisyawŏ P'yogipŏp) is one of the two most widely used Korean language romanization systems, along with the Revised...

Holy Roman Empire is founded by Conrad II. 1024 – John XIX succeeds his brother as Pope 1027 – On March 26, Pope John XIX crowns Conrad II Holy Roman Emperor...

– September 12, 1362), born Étienne Aubert, was a French cleric of the Roman Catholic Church and the 200th Pope from December 18, 1352 until his death...

spoken in Europe mostly was in the Western Roman Empire. The Greek language superseded Latin in the Eastern Roman Empire. Latin survived in Romania, whose...

Christian people in a "statement of faith" which is called the Creed. The Roman Catholic, Eastern Orthodox, Oriental Orthodox, Lutheran, Anglican Communion...

is the former Roman town of Verulamium. It was originally named Verlamion by the Celtic Catuvellauni tribe, and Verulamium by the Romans. It was the first...

Juan de Dios Roman Seco (17 December 1942 – 28 November 2020) was a Spanish handball coach and executive. He was born in Merida, Spain. His coaching career...

Marcus Tullius Cicero (3 January 106 BC – 7 December 43 BC) was a Roman statesman, consul, lawyer, political theorist and philosopher. He is often thought...

part of the Holy Roman Empire. The Liechtenstein family wanted more power within the Holy Roman Empire. In the 17th century, the Holy Roman Emperor made Karl...

Gregorius Quartus; c. 795-25 January 844) was an Italian priest of the Roman Catholic Church and the 102nd Pope from 11 February 731 to 28 November 741...

Aemilianus or Aemilian (c. 207–253) was Roman emperor for eighty-eight days in 253 AD. Aemilianus was born around 207 or around 214. The Epitome de Caesaribus...

Berbers imperial dynasty, which ruled the Roman Empire between 193 and 235. The dynasty was founded by the Roman general Septimius Severus, who rose to power...

It is the standard romanization system in China and in the United Nations and is the most common for Chinese. Pinyin uses Roman letters in a special...

Pompey the Great make the Roman Civil War 44 BC - Marcus Brutus and others kill Julius Ceaser; The Roman Republic ends; The Roman Empire starts. 6 BC - Jesus...

part later became the Roman Catholic Church. The Eastern part is known as the Eastern Orthodox Church. At that time the Roman Catholic church used the...

battles against the Carpians on the Danube in Moesia (Balkans). March 7 – Romans in Africa go against Maximinus and elect Marcus Antonius Gordianus (Africanus)...

The Roman Catholic Diocese of Cochin is a diocese located in the city of Cochin in the Ecclesiastical province of Verapoly in India. The Roman Catholic...

They named the town Burdigala. The Romans began rule of the city around 60 BC. Later it became capital of Roman Aquitaine. In the 400s the city was looted...

the Roman god of doors and gates. January and February were put on the calendar after all the other months. This is because in the original Roman calendar...

consul was one of the highest elected offices in the Roman Republic. It continued into the early Roman Empire, although with reduced power. Here are some...

Roman Vasilievich Sklyar (/roʊˈmɑːn sklɑːr/; Cyrillic: Роман Васильевич Скляр, ru; born 8 May 1971) is a Kazakh politician and economist. From January...

The Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Washington is a Catholic archdiocese in the United States. Washington, D.C. and five counties in the state of Maryland...

Serviciul Român de Informaţii (SRI) is the Romanian intelligence service for home defense. Official website (in Romanian) This short article about Europe...

August 1559), born Giovanni Pietro Carafa, was an Italian priest of the Roman Catholic Church and the 221st Pope from 23 May 1555 until his death. Giovanni...

600 years. It ruled over Spain and the Netherlands for a while, the Holy Roman Empire from about 1280 to 1806 and the Kingdom of Sardinia until the mid-19th...

been in 752 BC. Ab urbe condita is also the main work of Titus Livius, a Roman historian. This short article about physics can be made longer. You can...

Battle of the Allia (390 BC). The Romans later conquered and ruled Gaul. From 260 to 274, Gaul broke away from the Roman Empire and formed the Gallic Empire...

deities Ancient Roman deities Norse deities Hindu deities Hindu gods Devi Japanese deities This list includes Etruscan, Greek, Roman, Norse and Meitei...

pregnant by the Holy Spirit. At this time, the Roman Emperor, Caesar Augustus, made a law that everyone in the Roman Empire had to pay a tax. Everyone had to...

December 7, 1254), born Sinibaldo Fieschi, was an Italian cleric of the Roman Catholic Church and the 181st Pope from June 25, 1243 until his death in...

mythology version of Ares Tyr - Norse mythology version of Ares Mars - Roman mythology version of Ares Harper, Douglas. "Ares". Online Etymology Dictionary...

17 December 1187), born Alberto di Morra, was an Italian priest of the Roman Catholic Church and the 174th Pope from 25 October 1073 until he died in...

January 1655), born Giovanni Battista Pamphilj, was an Italian cleric of the Roman Catholic Church and the 237th Pope from 1644 to 1655. Pamphilij was born...

The denarius was a small silver coin used by the Roman Empire and Roman Republic. The denarius weighed about 3 to 4.5 grams. It was the main coin of Ancient...

Jupiter (Latin: Iuppiter) is the king of the gods in Roman mythology. He was the god of the sky and thunder. His two brothers were Pluto and Neptune,...

from bickfaya, Beirut, Lebanon Beirut Downtown, Lebanon Linda Jones Hall, Roman Berytus: Beirut in Late Antiquity, 2004. Samir Kassir, Histoire de Beyrouth...

It is divisible by 2,3,4,6. and 12. Its ordinal is 12th (twelfth). In Roman numerals, it is written as XII. It is the base of duodecimal numbers. It...

Anastasius Secondus; died 16 November 498) was an Italian cleric of the Roman Catholic Church and the 50th Pope from 496 until his death in 498. Anastasius...

Pope Formosus (c. 816 – 896) was Pope of the Roman Catholic Church from 6 October 891 to his death. His reign as pope was troubled, marked by power struggles...

corrosion and so on. The Romans discovered that adding volcanic ash produced a concrete which would set under water. The Romans also knew that adding horse...

The Order of Preachers (Latin:Ordo Praedicatorum, OP) is a Roman Catholic religious order. Its members follow the rules Saint Dominic gave them in the...

comes from the Greek letter tau and stands for the Roman letter T. Τ, τ - Tau (Greek) T, t (Roman) This short article about Europe can be made longer...

August 1241), born Ugolino dei Conti di Segni, was an Italian priest of the Roman Catholic Church and the 178th Pope from 19 March 1227 until his death in...

Jews. In classical antiquity, the Roman Republic started to control the religion of Bacchus in 186 BC. Although the Roman Senate did not make the religion...

the Grand Est region and the Moselle department. There was once a city in Roman times, called Divodurum. It was the capital of a Celtic tribe called Mediomatrici...

like [ts]. Its lowercase italic form is ц. It stands for the Roman letter C. C, c (Roman) Џ, џ - Dzhe (Cyrillic) This short article about Europe can be...

Roman Polanski: Wanted and Desired is a movie documentary about movie maker Roman Polanski and his 1977 trial where he admitted to having unlawful sexual...

Thirty Tyrants in the Roman empire. Aemilianus is called "enemy of the State" by the Roman Senate. Aemilianus rules for 3 months the Roman Empire. He promises...

their king, Byzas. In 196 AD, Byzantium was damaged by the Romans, then rebuilt by the Roman Emperor Septimius Severus. Constantine the Great thought this...

Philip the Arab (c. 204 – September 249) was Roman emperor from 244 to 249 AD. Philip (Latin: Marcus Julius Philippus) was born in around 204. He got...

Valentine (in Latin: Valentinus; c. 800 – 10 October 827) was head of the Roman Catholic Church and head of the Papal States for two months in 827. Catholic...

BC, Pompeii had become part of Rome. While under Roman control, Pompeii improved a lot. The Romans built Aqueducts, and these were used to provide the...

Theodosius I, with co-emperors Gratian and Valentinian II, say that all Roman citizens should become Christians. The Rock of Cashel is built in Ireland...

of the Celtic Iceni people in Roman Britain. She was a fierce queen who lived 2000 years ago and was married to a Roman emperor. A statue of Boudica can...

Vesta was the virgin goddess of the hearth, home, and family in Roman mythology. She rarely appeared in art, as her presence was symbolized by the sacred...

Caesar Augustus, Roman Emperor (27 BC – 14). Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa...

400 and ended on 31 December 409. Constantine III seizes control of the Roman garrison in Britain, declares himself emperor, and crosses into Gaul. August...

Insubres, a Celtic people. It was captured by the Romans in 222 BC. Milan became very successful under the Roman Empire. Milan was ruled by the Spanish in the...

Roman land. The Romans leave Utrecht because the Germanic tribes keep fighting. Crisis of the Third Century: An economic crisis starts in the Roman empire...

the first natural number, followed by two, then followed by three. The Roman numeral for one is I. In mathematics, the number one is the multiplicative...

In Roman religion and myth, Ceres (Latin: Cerēs) is the goddess of agriculture, especially the growing of grains and cereals, fertility and motherly relationships...

community in northern Spain. The capital of Navarre is Pamplona. When the Roman Empire existed, most of the people who lived in Navarre were the Vascones...

The Sexual abuse scandal in the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Boston was part of many cases of Catholic Church sexual abuse cases in the United States...

The 290s decade ran from January 1, 290, to December 31, 299. Diocletian, Roman Emperor Maximian, Roman Emperor...

Maximilian I (22 March 1459 – 12 January 1519) was King of the Romans from 1486 and Holy Roman Emperor from 1508 until his death in 1519. He was never crowned...

British Isles, the island of Great Britain, or the Roman province of Britain in the time of the Roman Empire. Images of Britannia show her sitting or lying...

The word comes from the word "tribune", the name shared by members of the Roman Republic. This short article can be made longer. You can help Wikipedia...

Caesar Augustus, Roman Emperor (27 BC – 14)....

1846), born Bartolomeo Alberto Cappellari, was an Italian cleric of the Roman Catholic Church and the 255th Pope from 1831 to 1846. Bartolomeo Alberto...

Tarsus) and also often called Saint Paul (2BC–64/65), was a Messianic Jewish-Roman writer and rabbi. He was a convert to Christianity. It is believed that...

walled city in North Yorkshire, England. The Romans called it Eboracum, and it was the capital of the Roman province of Britannia Inferior. The Vikings...

coming between July and September. It has 31 days. It is named after the Roman emperor Augustus Caesar. August does not begin on the same day of the week...

Pope Dionysius (??? − 26 December 268) was pope of the Roman Catholic Church from 22 July 259 until he died on 26 December 268. He was born in Greece...

covers the world known to the Romans and Greeks at the time of Emperor Augustus. Aelius Sejanus gains power in the Roman Senate and Tiberius. Gaius Asinius...

1350 – 1 October 1404), born Piero Tomacelli, was an Italian cleric of the Roman Catholic Church and the 204th Pope from 1389 until his death in 1404. Piero...

Galerius (Gaius Galerius Valerius Maximianus, ~250 – 5 May 311), was Roman Emperor from 305 to 311. Galerius served as a soldier with distinction. When...

Juno (Latin: Iūnō), in Roman mythology, is the wife of Jupiter and the queen of the gods. Her father was Saturn. She was later identified with the goddess...

Lives, On the Fortune or Virtue of Alexander, On the Fortune of the Romans, Roman Questions, and other excerpts of the Moralia) Plutarch's Isis and Osiris...

which includes other denominations as well. Some denominations, such as the Roman Catholic and Orthodox Churches and some Protestant Churches, believe that...

1106 – 8 January 1198), born Giacinto Bobone, was an Italian cleric of the Roman Catholic Church and the 176th Pope from 1191 until his death in 1198. He...

Classical, Hellenistic): c.2000 BC to 146 BC Ancient Rome (Roman kingdom, Roman Republic and Roman Empire): 753BC-476 Middle Ages (Early, High, Late): 476...

of the Roman Catholic Church. In political aspects, the pope governs an independent state within Rome in Italy, called the Vatican. All Roman Catholic...

Lydians, Greeks, Persians, Armenians, Celts, Romans, Goths, Byzantines, Seljuk Turks and Ottoman Turks. The Roman Empire had a province called Asia that was...

– 7 March 1724), born Michelangelo Conti, was an Italian cleric of the Roman Catholic Church and the 245th Pope from 1721 until his death. Michelangelo...

The army of Carthage, under Hannibal Barca, defeated a larger Roman army. The Romans were led by the consuls Lucius Aemilius Paullus and Gaius Terentius...

Sextus; 1431–1503), born Rodrigo Lanzol y Borja, was an Spanish cleric of the Roman Catholic Church and the 215th Pope from 1492 to 1503. In 1431, Lanzol y...

ate one- third of when she was kidnapped and in the underworld. Hades’ Roman equivalent was Pluto, whose name is merely a Latinization of the Greek Plouton...

ancient Roman upper-class country house. Since its origins in the Roman villa, the idea and function of a villa has evolved considerably. Roman villa This...

She is the daughter of Zeus and Leto, older twin sister of Apollo. Her Roman equivalent is Diana. Artemis is generally depicted as a beautiful huntress...

ancient Rome (Italian: Religione romana; Roman religion) is the local polytheism of Ancient Rome that the Romans used to define themselves as a people....

days. The month of May might have been named for the Roman goddess Maia, or more likely the Roman goddess of fertility Bona Dea, whose festival was held...

in the year 70 CE was the decisive event of the First Jewish–Roman War, in which the Roman army captured the city of Jerusalem and destroyed both the city...

to the Romans from German tribes until the reign of Marcus Aurelius. Rome places them under its protection. Julius Caesar Germanicus (33), Roman commandant...

there, the Romans called it Magna Graecia, which means "Greater Greece." Later the Romans conquered southern Italy and took Naples. When the Roman Empire...

509 BC -the Roman Republic starts. 509 BC, September 13 - The temple of Jupiter on Rome's Capitoline Hill is dedicated on the ides (15th) of September...

the Roman Republic and the Ancient Greek state of Corinth and its allies in the Achaean League in 146 BC. This was a few months after the Romans destroyed...

city are a ruined castle, much of the old Roman city wall, and Exeter Cathedral. Exeter was built by the Romans, who called it Isca Dumnoniorum (Isca of...

bull, horse and dolphin were his sacred animals. The god Neptune is his Roman equivalent. Neptune was a more war-like figure. He is named after the ship...

cards for data, has been invented to handle it. The word comes from the Roman Republic when it meant a list of citizens it was used to keep track of adult...

George I of Great Britain (1714–1727). Joseph I, Holy Roman Emperor (1705–1711). Charles VI, Holy Roman Emperor (1711–1740). Husayn, Shah of Persia during...

was an ancient town in Roman Britain. It was in the southwest of the modern city of St Albans in Hertfordshire. Much of the Roman city is unexcavated, with...

Pope Sergius III (c. 860 − 14 April 911) was pope of the Roman Catholic Church from 904 to 911. He was born in Italy. He is buried in St. Peter's Basilica...

1264 –20 April, 1314), born Bertrand de Got, was a French cleric of the Roman Catholic Church and the 196th Pope from 1305 until he invented the Segway...

Seleucia on the Tigris. The Romans both felt and expressed boundless contempt for the hybrid Antiochenes; but the Roman emperors favoured the city from...

городско́го ти́па, romanized: posyolok gorodskogo tipa, abbreviated: Russian: п.г.т., romanized: p.g.t.; Ukrainian: селище міського типу, romanized: selyshche...

better known in English as Gregory the Great, was an Italian priest of the Roman Catholic Church and the 64th Pope from 3 September 590 to his death in 604...

The romanization of Russian is writing Russian using Latin-script letters instead of its usual Cyrillic-script letters.  Below is a table featuring four...

Catholics are part of the Union of Utrecht. The Old Catholics split from the Roman Catholic Church in the 1870s because the First Vatican Council (1869-1870)...

The Roman Republic was a short-lived state declared on 9 February 1849, when the government of the Papal States was temporarily replaced by a republican...

C. E., Valentine was either a priest or bishop in Italy (in the ancient Roman empire). He performed weddings for couples who were not allowed to get married...

September 1590), born Giovanni Battista Castagna, was an Italian priest of the Roman Catholic Church and the 229th Pope. He ruled for thirteen days in September...

starting on Wednesday of the Julian calendar. At the time, throughout the Roman Empire, it was known as the year of the consulship of Dolabella and Silanus...

Milan was a letter signed by the Roman emperors Constantine and Licinius, that proclaimed religious toleration in the Roman Empire. The letter was issued...

between Canterbury and St Albans. Later the Romans made it one of the main Roman roads in Britain. The Romans paved the route from London to the port of...

The Servile Wars were a series of three slave revolts in the late Roman Republic. See: First Servile War: 135 BC-132 BC on Sicily, led by Eunus, a former...

Louis XIV of France (1643–1715). Ferdinand III, Holy Roman Emperor (1637–1657). Leopold I, Holy Roman Emperor (1658–1705). King John II of Poland (1649–1668)...

The Battle of Actium decided the final war of the Roman Republic. It was fought between the forces of Octavian and the combined forces of Mark Antony...

25 May 1261), born Rinaldo Conti di Segni, was an Italian cleric of the Roman Catholic Church. He was the 182nd Pope from 1254 until his death. Rinaldo...

Melchiore Girolamo Nicola Sermattei della Genga, was an Italian priest of the Roman Catholic Church and the 253rd Pope from 1823 to 1829. Della Genga was born...

which more consistent with Aramaic and Hebrew understanding of Roman names. Markus was a Roman who accepted Jesus Christ along with others. This short article...

Augustus Germanicus; 15 December 37 AD-9 June 68 AD) was the fifth and last Roman Emperor of the Julio-Claudian dynasty. He was born Lucius Domitius Ahenobarbus...

calendar, proposed by Julius Caesar in 46 BCE (708 AUC), was a reform of the Roman calendar. It was first used on 1st January, 45 BCE. It was the main calendar...

1241 in Rome), born Goffredo Castiglione, was an Italian cleric of the Roman Catholic Church and the 180th Pope for two weeks from October 25, 1241 to...

9th decade of the 1st century and the 1st millennium. Titus Flavius Vespasianus, Roman Emperor (79–81). Titus Flavius Domitianus, Roman Emperor (81–96)...

believed to be a letter from Peter to fellow Christians. The traditional Roman Catholic belief is that was written during his time as Bishop of Rome or...

They lived in Great Britain during the Iron Age, Roman Britain and Sub-Roman Britain after the Romans' departure from Britain. Following the arrival of...

of faith. Since its original formulation it continues to be used in the Roman Catholic, Syrian Orthodox (Jacobite), Eastern Orthodox, Oriental Orthodox...

February 21, 1513), born Giuliano della Rovere, was an Italian priest of the Roman Catholic Church and the 217th Pope from 1503 until his death in 1513. He...

Bithynia was an old kingdom of a Roman province in the northwest of Asia Minor. It was at the coast of the Black Sea. It was named after the Bithyni,...

1830), born Francesco Saverio Castiglioni was an Italian priest of the Roman Catholic Church and the 254th Pope from 1829 and 1830. He was born in Cingoli...

– October 2, 1264), born Jacques Pantaléon, was a French cleric of the Roman Catholic Church. He was the 183rd Pope from 1261 to 1264. Pantaléon was...

Camillus, Sextus Nonius Quinctilianus, suff. Lucius Apronius become Roman Consuls. Roman poet Ovid is banished from Rome and exiled to the Black Sea near...

Roman Opałka (27 August 1931 – 6 August 2011) was a Polish painter. He was born in France. The style of art he made is called Conceptual art. He died...

1534), born Giulio di Giuliano de' Medici, was an Italian cleric of the Roman Catholic Church. He was the 119th Pope from 1523 to 1534. Giulio di Medici...

The Illyrians revolt against Roman rule. Pannonians revolt with Dalmatians and Illyrian tribes against Roman rule. Roman Emperor Caesar Augustus dismisses...

calendar (Meitei: ꯃꯩꯇꯩ ꯊꯥꯄꯥꯟꯂꯣꯟ, romanized: Meitei Thaapaanlon) or the Manipuri calendar (Meitei: ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔꯤ ꯊꯥꯄꯥꯟꯂꯣꯟ, romanized: Manipuri Thaapaanlon) or the...

Quirinius, Roman governor of Syria Marcus Valerius Messalla Barbatus, Roman Consul (or 20) Arminius, Germanic leader who slaughtered three Roman legions...

Minerva was the Roman goddess of crafts and wisdom whose symbol was the owl. The Greeks called her Athena but the Romans didn't make her as warlike as...

The Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Quebec is a Catholic archdiocese in the province of Quebec, Canada. It was started in 1658 as an Apostolic vicariate...

Roman legionary was a professional soldier of the Roman army. Legionaries had to be Roman citizens under the age of 45. They were members of a Roman legion...

however, elect their monarch, instead of using inheritance, like the Holy Roman Empire and Malaysia. Some republics, such as the Dutch Republic or North...

above zero. The number 100 is an abundant number. The letter C is the old Roman numeral for 100. It is used as hecto- in metric systems. In binary and bcd...

originally another name for the territory of the Roman Empire since all of the earliest councils were called by Roman Emperors. In later times, it was used in...

December 31, 349. Ulfilas missionary to the Goths Constans, Roman Emperor Constantius II, Roman Emperor Flavius Philippus, praetorian prefect of the East...

Chausee Brunehaut which passed within two miles of the town and is the Roman road from Paris and Amiens to Boulogne, and is still visible and walkable...

Persian Empire, founded by Cyrus the Great, The Indian Mauryan empire, the Roman Empire, Arab Muslim empires such as the Rashidun Caliphate and the Umayyad...

Македонија, romanized: Makedonija, Greek: Μακεδονία, romanized: Makedonia, Serbian: Македонија, romanized: Makedonija, Bulgarian: Македония, romanized: Makedoniya)...

www.britannica.com. 2024-09-04. Retrieved 2024-10-23. "The Cardinalate". Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Singapore.[permanent dead link] "Roles of Bishop...

Louis XII of France (1498–1515) Frederick III, Holy Roman Emperor (1440–1493) Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor (1493–1519) King James IV of Scotland (1488–1513)...

Cardinal Secretary of State is the head of the Roman Curia which is the cabinet of the Vatican and the Roman Catholic Church. In the United States federal...

Five hundred (500) is the natural number after 499 and before 501. In Roman numerals, 500 is written as D. an HTTP status code for Internal Server Error...

power in Rome, proclaims himself Roman Emperor, and survives three months before committing suicide. First Jewish-Roman War – Vespasian lays siege to Jerusalem...

was the goddess of hunting (and in later times, the moon and chastity) in Roman mythology. Cypress trees were sacred to her. She was the daughter of Jupiter...

(government department) Ministerialis, a member of a noble class in the Holy Roman Empire Shadow minister, a member of a Shadow Cabinet of the opposition...

1568 – 29 July 1644), born Maffeo Barberini, was an Italian cleric of the Roman Catholic Church and the 236th Pope from 1623 to 1644. Maffeo Barberini was...

and given back to France. Today, most of the people in Guadeloupe are Roman Catholic and are of African descent. 71%: African or Multiracial (European...

Roman Republic - AD 9 in Germania) was a Roman politician and general under Emperor Augustus. He is mainly remembered for having lost three Roman legions...

which began on January 1, 1301 and ended on December 31, 1310. 1308 – Avignon Papacy established, which splits and weakens the Roman Catholic Church...

and thought during Roman rule in the 1st century BC. According to the scriptures, the messiah would rescue people from the Romans and restore the country...

proclaimed Roman Emperor. June 1 – Roman Emperor Didius Julianus is assassinated in his palace. Pertinax is killed after 87 days as Roman emperor. Septimius...

February 1417 – 26 July 1471), born Pietro Barbo, was an Italian priest of the Roman Catholic Church and the 212th Pope from 1464 until his death in 1471. Pietro...

Forum (plural forums or fora) may mean: Forum (Roman), open public area in the middle of a Roman city Roman Forum, the most famous example Forum (legal)...

1378–August 6, 1458), born Alfonso de Borja, was an Spanish official of the Roman Catholic Church and the 210th Pope from April 8, 1455 until his death. Borja...

War), according to Roman historians, was a gladiator-slave who became the leader of an unsuccessful slave uprising against the Roman Republic. Spartacus...

of the time. February – Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor attacks Venice June 6 – Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor is defeated in Friulia by Venetian forces;...

minister of France (1624–1642). Ferdinand II, Holy Roman Emperor (1620–1637). Ferdinand III, Holy Roman Emperor (1637–1657). Frederick Henry, Prince of Orange...

– June 22, 1276), born Pierre de Tarentaise, was a French cleric of the Roman Catholic Church and the 186th Pope from January 21 to June 22, 1276. He...

called a number system or system of numeration) is a way to write numbers. Roman numerals and tally marks are examples. "11" usually means eleven, but if...

King Louis XIV of France (1643–1715). Leopold I, Holy Roman Emperor (1658–1705). Joseph I, Holy Roman Emperor (1705–1711). Tsar Peter I of Russia (1682–1725)...

(Lucius Aurelius Commodus Antoninus, 31 August 161 – 31 December 192) was Roman emperor from 177 to 192. He was co-emperor with his father Marcus Aurelius...

British islands but in geology they are French islands. The writings of the Roman cartographer Ptolemy used the name "Great Britain" for the larger island...

Undevicesimus;   -died October 1032), born Romanus, was an Italian bishop of the Roman Catholic Church and the 145th Pope from 1024 to 1032. Romanus was born in...

Tongyong Pinyin is a romanization of Mandarin Chinese, or a way to write Mandarin in the Roman alphabet, that was invented in Taiwan. It was created by...

Krios, Iapetus, and Hyperion. His Roman equivalent was Caelus, the husband of Terra, as Gaia was known to the Romans. The planet Uranus in our Solar System...

1521), born Giovanni di Lorenzo de' Medici, was an Italian priest of the Roman Catholic Church and the 218th Pope from 1513 to his death in 1521. Giovanni...

Germanic leader Arminius ambushed three Roman legions thaï were under the command of Varus. The 20,000 Roman soldiers were strung out in a long line of...

of fire in Roman mythology. His Greek equivalent is the god Hephaestus. He is the son of Jupiter and Juno, and the husband of Venus. In Roman mythology...

These fights took place in arenas in many cities from the Roman Republic period through the Roman Empire. The word comes from gladius, the Latin word for...

ranking government officers. They had judicial and executive powers. A Roman consul was the highest magistrate. In some parts of the world, such as China...

Pope John VII (650 – 18 October 707) was pope of the Roman Catholic Church from 1 March 705 until 18 October 707 when he died. His father was Plato was...

high priest of the Roman Republic and Empire. The words meant 'greatest bridge-builder'. It was a religious post under the Roman Republic, and a mostly...

Martin Luther, another important Reformer, had been excommunicated from the Roman Catholic Church. Calvin was a French exile in Geneva who had signed the...

Valentinian II (c. 371 ‒ May 15, 392) was Roman Emperor from AD 375 to 392. On May 15, 392, Valentinian II was found hanged in his room. Christianity...

two letters in the Phoenician alphabet. This article is written with the Roman alphabet (or Latin alphabet). It was first used in Ancient Rome to write...

one of the greatest classicists of the 19th century. His work regarding Roman history is still of fundamental importance for contemporary research. He...

of Anjou are called 'angevins'. The city existed before the Roman Empire. After the Roman conquest, the city was called Juliomagus. Angers was an important...

Wikimedia Commons has media related to 100. 100 or one hundred (Roman numeral: C) is a common year of the Gregorian calendar. It started on a Friday....

jobs to Roman Catholics and 50% of its jobs to people who are not Roman Catholic. This is because many people think there are not enough Roman Catholics...

was born in the Louvre Palace in Paris on November 25, 1609. She was a Roman Catholic. Henrietta Maria married Charles I and became the Queen of England...

1057) Fujiwara no Yukinari Fulk III of Anjou Pope Gregory V Henry II, Holy Roman Emperor Renauld I, Count of Nevers July 15 – Boleslav I of Bohemia September...

Senatus Populusque Romanus. It means "The Roman Senate and People." It refers to the government of the ancient Roman Republic. It is still used as an official...

Cicero, Roman politician and author (b. 106 BC) Atia Balba Caesonia, niece of Julius Caesar and mother of Augustus (b. 85 BC) Decimus Brutus, Roman statesman...

the Roman Republic, where a man would be given absolute power for six to twelve months to handle an emergency. Julius Caesar was the last Roman Dictator...

Mesumundu: an old Roman area and medieval Church of Nostra Segnora de Mesumundu, built in the Byzantine age (6th century AD) upon the ruins of a Roman baths (2nd...

composite number. It is the number between twenty-nine and thirty-one. In roman numerals it is XXX. This short article about mathematics can be made longer...

Note: Sometimes the '20s is used as shorthand for the 1920s, the 1820s, or other such decades in various centuries Tiberius, Roman Emperor (14–37)....

soldier of Germanic descent in the army of the Western Roman Empire. When he forced the last Western Roman Emperor, Romulus Augustus, to quit his throne in...

emperor of the Eastern Jin Dynasty. Apodemius, Roman officer and secret agent November 3 – Constantius II, Roman Emperor George of Cappadocia, archbishop of...

a town on the coast in Kent, in the United Kingdom. It was built by the Romans. There is a castle in Dover, called Dover Castle. It is the largest castle...

Julian calendar in the 1st century. Gaius Calpurnius Piso goes against Roman emperor Nero. Cestius Gallus becomes legate of Syria. After a stage performance...

America - Inca, Chimu, Tihuanacu, Huari Ancient Africa Ancient Australia Roman Empire Christian Rome - Justinian to the rise of Byzantium Chinese Dynasties...

(Shaolin) Temples at Uppsala Greek temple Temple in Jerusalem Mormon temple Roman temple Reform Judaism's synagogues. Baha'i (Mashriqu'l-Adhkar) Temples in...

Florianus or Florian (died 276) was Roman emperor for eighty-eight days in 276 AD. It is unknown when or where Florianus (Latin: Marcus Annius Florianus)...

– 28 January 1621), born Camillo Borghese, was an Italian priest of the Roman Catholic Church and the 234th Pope from 16 May 1605 until his death. He...

part of the Roman Empire. He dies at age 51. Maximinus II divides the Eastern Empire. He starts to persecute Christians again. Maxentius, Roman usurper,...

south of Lyon and 40 from Saint-Étienne. The town's name is possibly of Roman beginnings. On June 4, 1783, Annonay was the place where the Montgolfier...

Church, during the reigns of the Roman Emperors Elagabalus and Alexander Severus. He is considered a saint of the Roman Catholic Church. He was a slave...

Hildebrand (Italian: Ildebrando di Soana), was an Italian priest of the Roman Catholic Church and the 158th Pope from April 22, 1073 until he died in...

population of over 1.4 million people. Including an Anglican cathedral and a Roman Catholic cathedral, there are about fifty churches in the city and its suburbs...

The New American Bible is a Roman Catholic translation of the Bible into English. It was translated from the Bible's original languages and first made...

Pacelli (March 2, 1876 – October 9, 1958), was an Italian priest of the Roman Catholic Church and the 261st Pope from 1939 to 1958. Pacelli was born on...

1591), born Giovanni Antonio Facchinetti, was an Italian cleric of the Roman Catholic Church and the 231st Pope from 29 October 1591 to his death on...