He signed as a free agent with the Rockford IceHogs NHL affiliate, the Chicago Blackhawks, to a two-year entry level contract on June 8, 2009.[1] He was called up by the Blackhawks on December 10, 2010, to replace an injured Patrick Kane and debuted in a home game against the Dallas Stars which they won.[2]
He was traded to the Ottawa Senators on December 2, 2011.[3] He was signed by the Coyotes as a free agent on July 3, 2012, and played with their AHL farm team, the Portland Pirates during the 2012 NHL lockout.[4]
On January 2, 2015, the Penguins traded Klinkhammer along with a first-round pick to the Edmonton Oilers in exchange for David Perron.[6] He would sign a one-year, $650,000 contract on February 20 to stay with the Oilers.[7]
On August 4, 2022, Klinkhammer would announce that he was retiring from playing professional ice hockey. After his retirement, he accepted a job to become an assistant coach for the Rockford IceHogs of the American Hockey League (AHL).[8]